1,720,953 research outputs found
TEORI CONTIGUOUS CONDITIONING EDWIN RAY GUTHRIE DAN PENERAPANNYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PAI DI SEKOLAH
Get PDFThis article aims to describe the contiguous conditioning theory and its application in Islamic religious education in schools. Contiguous conditioning theory has the meaning of the closeness of conditions that occur based on the relationship between the stimulus and the relevant response. The method used in this research is literature study where the author tries to find, compile and analyze various information through various related sources. The results of this study explain that learning is a process of change that occurs due to conditions which then cause a reaction (response). Some aspects that cannot be separated from this theory are forgetting, punishment, encouragement, intention, and transfer training. Edwin Ray Guthrie came up with three methods that can be used to change habitual behavior, namely the Threshold Method, the Fatigue Method, and the Incompatible Response Method. These three methods can be used by Islamic Education teachers in implementing their learning in the classroom. The positive contribution of this article informs that the contiguous conditioning theory is very suitable to be applied to develop students' abilities both from the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. One way for this theory to work optimally is that the teacher must use interesting learning methods or strategies
KEBIJAKAN MERDEKA BELAJAR PERSPEKTIF PAULO FREIRE DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Get PDFThe research backgrounds are based on the practice of the national exam which causes
several problems, such as the occurrence of leakage of questions and answer keys, the
existence of mass cheating activities, until students commit suicide. Another problem found is
that there are still many teachers who get pressure and demands from various school
assignments. These problems need to be resolved by the government so that one way to
overcome them is by issuing policies. Pancasila as the fundamental foundation of national
education plays a role in guarding the formulation of an education policy. Actors formulating
education policies also need to pay attention to the National Education System Law which
can be used as a reference in formulating policies.
The purpose of this research to reveal theoretically and empirically the following
points: First, how is the concept of an independent policy is studied. Second, how is the
concept of an independent policy learns from the perspective of Paulo Freire. and Third,
What is the relevance of the independent policy of learning Paulo Freire's perspective on
Islamic Education. This type of research is a literature review (Library Research). The
technique of collecting data is through documentation from notes, books, theses, theses,
dissertations, and journals. The process of data analysis was carried out by analytical
descriptive method with the stages of data reduction, presenting data, and drawing
conclusions/verification.
The results of this research indicate several conclusions: First, the concept freedom of
learning policy initiated by the Minister of Education and Culture Nadiem Makarim is in line
with Ki Hadjar Dewantara’s educational philosophy of independence and autonomy. Second,
the policy of freedom learning from the perspective of Paulo Freire, namely the
characteristics of education are pitched, the concept of education is dialogicalcommunicative,
and education is through critical pedagogy. Third, the freedom relevance of
learning from Paulo Freire's perspective with Islamic education: (1) the liberating education
that is in accordance with the policy of eliminating education. (2) the liberating education
that is dialogical-critical is suitable for the policy of simplifying lesson plans and the zoning
system. (3) critical pedagogic education is appropriate to apply to the national standard
school examination policy managed by the school
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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