125,474 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Process of Drafting the Uniform Mediation Act
No full textThis piece is a transcript from Judge Getty\u27s keynote address at the conference. Judge Getty provides a unique perspective on the process of drafting the Uniform Mediation Act. Since Judge Getty served as the Chair of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws Uniform Mediation Act Drafting Committee, he is uniquely qualified to describe the efforts to bring uniformity to the mediation field through the passage of the Uniform Mediation Act
Executive Secretary of the University of Washington, Lillian B. Getty, letter to Professor of Economics, Rexford Tugwell, regarding students serving in the military and the American University Union in Paris during World War I, August 13, 1918
No full textExecutive Secretary of the University of Washington, Lillian B. Getty, writes to Professor of Economics, Rexford Tugwell, to notify him that President of the University, Henry Suzzallo is away on sick leave but will be happy to learn that Tugwell has safely reached Paris. Getty notes that Suzzallo has been so overworked and sick that his doctor ordered him to rest for a month. She notes the public's current happiness with "good news from the western front" of World War I. She says that the male students at the University are "anxious to be in the fray" She explains that she told students already enlisted to stop at the American University Union in Paris and believes that Tugwell will meet a lot of Washington soldiers this way. She mentions two students already in the army who may soon call or have already called on Tugwell.In 1854, territorial governor, Isaac Ingalls Stevens, suggested that a university for Washington Territory be established. The school did not officially open until November 4, 1861 with 30 students. In 1862, the Washington territorial legislature incorporated the school and appointed a Board of Regents. Throughout the university's early years, the university consisted not only of college curricula but also preparatory school curricula. The school faced constant changes in administration, enrollment and financial support in its first twenty years, often closing due to lack of students or funds. By the 1890s, the school had grown by leaps and bounds and exceeded the size of its original campus. A graduate of the school and later professor, Edmond Meany, served as head of a committee to choose a new site off of Union Bay, further north and east of its current site. In 1895, the school formally moved to this new campus. In 1902, the school numbered about 600 students but by 1913, there were about 3,340 students. From 1915 to 1926, Henry Suzzallo served as the University's president during which time the school underwent massive changes in new building construction.
During World War I, the University of Washington took part in many war efforts as enrollment declined by 30 while nearly 1500 male students and faculty went off to fight in the war. A volunteer ambulance corps unit existed under the direction of physical education, Dr. David C. Hall. Additionally, two hospital units associated with the University were formed under the command of Major J. B. Eagleson and Lieutenant Commander Milton Sturgis. Another major war effort included the formation of the War Emergency Committee that sent this letter to President Suzzallo. This committee was made up of 22 faculty members and the committee handled all University affairs in relation to the war. Meanwhile the Board of Regents offered the school's dorms to accommodate and teach 2000 men in the Student Army Training Corps as well as naval and marine corps training units. The army and marine units lived in barracks that were built on campus while 750 of the naval unit lived in tents. The school gave special training courses for the Army Quartermasters' Service, the Engineers' Reserve Corps, and the Signal Corps Reserve in addition to short courses in arts and sciences and military instruction. President of the University of Washington, Henry Suzzallo, also took part in war efforts by serving as the chairman of the State Defense Council. The council supervised war loans and bonds sales, encouraged food conservation and even settled labor conflicts. Suzzallo himself was a major player in negotiating a settlement for the spruce lumber industry and became known for his labor negotiation skill and excellent leadership. Suzzallo also served on the National War Labor Board, the National War Labor Policies Board and the National Metal Trades Board. While Suzzallo was gone tending to the issues of these boards, Dean John Condon acted as the school's president. It is likely that Suzzallo developed the illness and exhaustion to which his secretary refers in this letter from all these efforts.
Henry Suzzallo (1875 - 1933) was President of the University of Washington from 1915 to 1926. A graduate of Stanford University, he went on to earn his Ph.D. in 1905 at Columbia University. He was the deputy superintendent of schools in San Francisco, an assistant professor of education at Stanford and adjunct professor of educational sociology at Columbia. In 1930, Suzzallo was president of the Carnegie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching. Under Suzzallo's presidential leadership, the University of Washington experienced impressive growth in terms of scholarship, teaching, student population and new buildings. He was especially invested in the construction of an impressive library building. Suzzallo was dismissed from his position by the Board of Regents when he butted heads with Governor Roland Hartley over the control of the school.
Rexford Tugwell (1891-1979) studied at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School of Finance and Commerce before taking a position as Professor of Economics from 1917 - 1918 at the University of Washington. In 1918, Tugwell left the University of Washington to take over the American University Union in Paris. After his time at American University, he became a famous economist at Columbia University. In 1927, he served as part of a delegation of trade unionists to visit Russia. During the 1930s, he served as Secretary of Agriculture and was part of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's "brain trust" of academic advisors. After serving as chairman of the City Planning Commission in New York City in 1938, he became Governor of Puerto Rico from 1942 to 1946.
Associative and Spatial Relationships in Thesaurus-based Retrieval
No full textThe OASIS (Ontologically Augmented Spatial Information System) project explores terminology systems for thematic and spatial access in digital library applications. A prototype implementation uses data from the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland, together with the Getty AAT and TGN thesauri. This paper describes its integrated spatial and thematic schema and discusses novel approaches to the application of thesauri in spatial and thematic semantic distance measures. Semantic distance measures can underpin interactive and automatic query expansion techniques by ranking lists of candidate terms. We first illustrate how hierarchical spatial relationships can be used to provide more flexible retrieval for queries incorporating place names in applications employing online gazetteers and geographical thesauri. We then employ a set of experimental scenarios to investigate key issues affecting use of the associative (RT) thesaurus relationships in semantic distance measures. Previous work has noted the potential of RTs in thesaurus search aids but the problem of increased noise in result sets has been emphasised. Specialising RTs allows the possibility of dynamically linking RT type to query context. Results presented in this paper demonstrate the potential for filtering on the context of the RT link and on subtypes of RT relationships
Low-Cost and Low-Tech Reinforcement Systems for Improved Earthquake Resistance of Mud Brick Buildings
No full textTraditional, unreinforced adobe mud brick structures are highly susceptible to damage and destruction during seismic events. This vulnerability is evident in historic adobe structures around the world, as well as in traditional adobe homes in developing countries where severe earthquakes repeatedly cause drastic losses of life and livelihood. Adobe research at the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Australia, is focused on the development of low-cost, low-tech reinforcement systems for adobe structures. To date, ten U-shaped adobe wall panels and one full model house (1:2 scale) with different reinforcing systems have been subjected to transient dynamic loading using a shake table to evaluate the response to seismic forces. Time-scaled input spectra have been used to ensure dynamic similitude and impart sufficient energy to each structure to induce damaging conditions. The force-displacement characteristics and failure mechanisms of each structure have been studied to determine the resistance capacity of each system. Results indicate that a major improvement in structural performance can be achieved by using stiff external vertical reinforcement (e.g., bamboo), external horizontal reinforcement (e.g., bamboo or wire), and a timber ring/crown beam. This integrated matrix acts to restrain movement and enhance the overall strength of the structure. Tests have shown this system to effectively delay the onset of initial cracking and prevent collapse, even during severe shaking. The proposed system is effective, simple, affordable, and widely adaptable to a variety of materials and local conditions. It can be used for the retrofit-strengthening of existing structures, as well as in new construction. It shows tremendous promise for application in developing countries and for the protection and preservation of historic adobe structures around the world
Ergonomics Oriented to Processes Becomes a Tool for Continuous Improvement
No full textA holistic view is essential for qu a lity initiatives such as Total Quality Management (TQM), Standard No. ISO 9001:1994 (International Organization for Standardization [ISO], 1994), Concurrent Engineering, Business Reengineering, and Business Process Improvement. The challenge is knowing how to transition from this theoretical concept to implementation. The relationship between quality interest and an ergonomics program will be the focus of this discussion. An ergonomics oriented improvement program includes (a) ergonomics or fittin g the jo b to the person; (b) integration of operations management, safety engineering, medical management, and employees as coowners of the process; (c) the emphasis of ergonomic precepts in the engineering of new processes and improvement of curre nt processes; and (d) the emphasis of employees tak in g responsibility for their own well being and the improvement of their work environment. The parallel between the continuous improvement process delineated by the quality-system requirements in Standard No. ISO 9001:1994 (ISO, 1994) and the improvement contributions of ergonomics are very revealing (Getty, Abbott, & Getty, 1995). It is the con tentio n of this ap proach that if the precepts of ergonomics were applied to the work environment, it would sup po rt the objective of world class quality and productivity, resulting in improved global competitiveness of businesses
Efektivitas media grafis terhadap kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas P-2 SLB-B YRTRW Surakarta tahun ajaran 2006/2007
No full textABSTRAK
Getty Yuni Asri. EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA GRAFIS TERHADAP
KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA SISWA KELAS P-2 SLB-B YRTRW
SURAKARTA TAHUN AJARAN 2006 / 2007.
Skripsi, Surakarta : Fakultas keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Sebelas
Maret Surakarta, Februari 2007.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efektifitas
penggunaan media grafis terhadap kemampuan berbicara pada Anak Tuna
RunguWicara Kelas P-2 Di SLB – B YRTRW Surakarta tahun ajaran 2006/
2007.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Populasinya adalah
siswa kelas P-2 SLB–B YRTRW Surakarta sebanyak 7 siswa. Dalam penelitian
ini peneliti tidak menggunakan sampel, karena jumlah populasi kecil sehingga
penelitiannya merupakan penelitian populasi. Teknik pengumpulan data variabel
media grafis dan kemampuan berbicara menggunakan test sebagai teknik
pokoknya dan observasi sebagai teknik pelengkapnya. Dalam penelitian ini
peneliti menggunakan pola one group pre- test post – test design yaitu
sekelompok subyek dikenai perlakuan untuk jangka waktu tertentu, pengukuran
dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan diberikan dan pengaruh perlakuan
diukur dari perbedaan antara pengukuran awal dan pengukuran akhir.
Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Test Rangking
Bertanda (Sign Test Wilcoxon). Hasil perhitungan terhadap data T hitung = 27
lebih besar dari T tabel = 2, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima pada taraf
signifikan 0,05 dengan demikian hipotesis yang peneliti rumuskan” ada
keefektifan media grafis terhadap kemampuan berbicara pada anak tuna rungu
wicara kelas P-2 di SLB–B YRTRW Surakarta tahun ajaran 2006/2007 dapat
diterima kebenarannya”, sehingga disimpulkan ada keefektifan media grafis
terhadap kemampuan berbicara pada anak tuna rungu wicara kelas P-2 di SLB–B
YRTRW Surakarta tahun ajaran 2006/2007
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[RE: Request for Proposals for The College Board / Getty Center for Education in the Arts Project]
No full textPhotocopy of a memorandum from David B. Pankratz, the Getty Center for Education in the Arts to the Regional Insistute Directors, Sheila Brown, Jack Davis, Margaret DiBlasio, Virginia Gembica, Edith Curtice Johnson, Phyllis Scott Johnson, Anne Lindsey, Jessie Lovano-Kerr, Nancy MacGregor, William McCarter, Michael Parsons, Jeffery Patchen, Nancy Roucher, Hal Wildung and Joyce Wright. The memo is in regards to an invitation to the multi-year project sponsored jointly by the Getty Center for Education in the Arts and the College Board, "The Role of the Arts in Unifying the High School Curriculum." The goal of the project is to expand the school reform by demonstrating how the arts can strengthen and bring greater unity of purpose
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
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