1,722,136 research outputs found
Connecting image analysis tools with OMERO Lessons learned at the German Cancer Research Center
No full text<p>"Connecting image analysis tools with OMERO Lessons learned at the German Cancer Research Center" presentation at the "PoL Bio-Image Analysis Symposium" held from August 28, 2023 to September 1, 2023 at the "Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)".</p>
The Information System of Experimental Pathology of the German Cancer Research Center
No full textThe information system of experimental oncopathology of the German Cancer Research Center is a computerized data processing program for studying the etiology, pathogenesis and therapy of experimental cancer. This program is adapted to correlate stored data with those from the thesaurus of human pathology. The system is developed and administered by the histodiagnostic facility which serves to collect and register standardized, centralized and current data from all sources. These are: individual investigators, animal laboratory, and central histodiagnostic facility. To record uniform data, a standardized protocol is introduced which entails data sets for information about animals, substances under study, experimental design, and necropsy and histological changes. The data entry takes place semi-automatically by using different codes grouped into three files: for substances, for animals, and for pathological changes. The code for pathological findings is based on SNOP. For data processing the system ALIS is employed which permits input, check and update; reorganisation and confirmation; evaluation.The information system is adapted to the organization and research programs of the German Cancer Research Center. It is a flexible system applicable for different conditions in registering and processing diverse information about animal experiments.</jats:p
Überleben bei Eierstockkrebs in Deutschland: eine bundesweite Analyse nach Stadium und Histotyp
No full textEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a lethal gynecologic malignancy, with poor long-term survival. Early symptoms lack specificity, and currently there are no sufficient early detection strategies to identify this disease before it progresses to an advanced stage. In Germany the 5-year relative survival is approximately 43%. Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease with disease histotypes originating from different cells and tissues of origin, and with different somatic mutations, progression profiles, and treatment responses and there is a need for population-based ovarian cancer survival analyses stratified by disease histology and stage at diagnosis. The most recent German cancer registry study was completed in 2013 by Chen et al. A updated analysis in the context of current clinical practice and contemporary classification of disease subtype is needed. Through the utilization of data from the ZfKD, we will be able to provide an updated characterization of ovarian cancer survival by histotype and stage in Germany, drawing upon the pooling of data from national registries.
The study population will comprise of women with a diagnosis of invasive epithelial ovarian (ICD-O-3: C569), fallopian tube (C570) or primary peritoneal (C480, C481, C482, C488) in Germany from 1997 - present (most recent case data requested). Subjects will be followed until the earliest of: date of death, date of last follow-up, or December 31, 2022 (or last date available for survival outcomes).
The major objectives of this project are to characterize survival over time by histotype and stage, and to assess the overall and relative 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival following an ovarian cancer diagnosis, with analyses stratified by disease stage (FIGO where available) and histotype. Please see the attached statistical methods section for a more detailed description of the analysis plan.Epitheliales Ovarialkarzinom (EOC) ist eine tödlich verlaufende gynäkologische Krebsart mit einer schlechten Langzeitüberlebensrate. Die Frühsymptome sind nicht spezifisch, und derzeit gibt es keine ausreichenden Früherkennungsstrategien, um diese Krankheit zu identifizieren, bevor sie ein fortgeschrittenes Stadium erreicht hat. In Deutschland liegt die relative 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate bei etwa 43 %. Das Ovarialkarzinom ist eine heterogene Erkrankung mit verschiedenen Histotypen, die aus unterschiedlichen Zellen und Ursprungsgeweben stammen, mit unterschiedlichen somatischen Mutationen, Verlaufsprofilen und Behandlungsreaktionen. Daher besteht ein Bedarf an bevölkerungsbasierten Überlebensanalysen des Ovarialkarzinoms, die nach der Histologie der Erkrankung und dem Stadium bei der Diagnose stratifiziert sind. Die jüngste Studie des deutschen Krebs Registers wurde 2013 von Chen et al. abgeschlossen. Eine aktualisierte Analyse im Kontext der aktuellen klinischen Praxis und einer Klassifizierung des Krankheitssubtyps ist erforderlich. Indem wir uns auf die Zusammenführung von Daten aus nationalen Registern stützen, werden wir durch die Nutzung der Daten des ZfKD in der Lage sein, eine aktualisierte Charakterisierung des Überlebens von Ovarialkarzinomen nach Histotyp und Stadium in Deutschland zu liefern
Glutathione deficiency in HIV infection
Full text linkThe tripeptide glutathione (GSH) is the quantitatively most important cysteine derivative of low molecular weight and has numerous important cellular functions. Decreased plasma cysteine and cystine concentrations, decreased intracellular GSH levels, and increased plasma glutamate levels have been found in HIV-infected persons at all stages of the disease and in rhesus macaques within 2 weeks after infection with the closely related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac2). Elevated glutamate levels inhibit the membrane transport of cystine and aggravate thereby the consequences of the cysteine deficiency. Complementary experiments In laboratory animals have shown that glutathione potentiates T cell functions in vivo and in vitro. And studies with healthy human subjects have shown that persons with a combination of a higher than median plasma cystine and lower than median glutamate level have significantly more CD4 T cells than persons with low cystine and high glutamate levels. On the basis of these findings we have proposed that the immunopathology of HIV infection may be largely the consequence of a virus-induced dysregulation of plasma amino acid concentrations. Studies on the mechanistic details revealed that the cysteine and intracellular glutathione deficiency may have several immunologically relevant consequences that affect the antigen presenting cells as well as the responding T lymphocytes. The redox regulation of the transcription factor NFκB accounts at least for some of the consequences.Biomedical Reviews 1993; 2: 9-13
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Digital Picture Analysis as an Integral Part of the Information System for Experimental Oncopathology of the German Cancer Research Center
No full textThe information system of experimental pathology of the German Cancer Research Center serves to evaluate substantial amounts of data from animal experiments and to utilize the results in the study of the etiology, pathogenesis and therapy of experimental cancer. The system includes a registry of experimental tumors and programs for computer-supported diagnostics and digital picture analysis.The purpose of the digital picture analysis program is to obtain objective data in a form allowing comparisons. The aims of the program are to characterize early stages of pathological processes, to provide quantitatively defined subclasses of tumors which are related to their biology and to identify morphological features important for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. Because there are specific problems in digital analysis of histological sections, the authors modified the techniques of general purpose digital picture analysis and developed new methods. These utilize segmentation based on dividing images into segments or transforming the images into a polar-coordinate system, structural analysis of chromatin, and three-dimensional analysis of the images of cell nuclei.</jats:p
Expression of different L1 isoforms of Mastomys natalensis papillomavirus as mechanism to circumvent adaptive immunity
Full text linkAlthough many high-risk mucosal and cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) theoretically have the potential to synthesize L1 isoforms differing in length, previous seroepidemiological studies only focused on the short L1 variants, co-assembling with L2 to infectious virions. Using the multimammate mouse Mastomys coucha as preclinical model, this is the first study demonstrating seroconversion against different L1 isoforms during the natural course of papillomavirus infection. Intriguingly, positivity with the cutaneous MnPV was accompanied by a strong seroresponse against a longer L1 isoform, but to our surprise, the raised antibodies were non-neutralizing. Only after a delay of around 4 months, protecting antibodies against the short L1 appeared, enabling the virus to successfully establish an infection. This argues for a novel humoral immune escape mechanism that may also have important implications on the interpretation of epidemiological data in terms of seropositivity and protection of PV infections in general.Fil: Fu, Yingying. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Cao, Rui. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Schäfer, Miriam. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Stephan, Sonja. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Braspenning Wesch, Ilona. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Schmitt, Laura. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Bischoff, Ralf. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Müller, Martin. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Schäfer, Kai. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Vinzon, Sabrina Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Rösl, Frank. German Cancer Research Center; AlemaniaFil: Hasche, Daniel. German Cancer Research Center ; Alemani
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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