1,720,983 research outputs found
Response to Letter to the Editor “On the targets of fluoxetine”
Get PDFFil: Di Rosso, María Emilia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Palumbo, María Laura. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Genaro, Ana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
South American special issue: Editorial
Get PDFPharmacology is essentially an interdisciplinary science. As such, knowledge gained in several different areas is gathered to focus on human health. Although South America is a region ravaged by multiple political and economic conflicts throughout its history, cell biology and pharmacological studies were conducted by many South American outstanding researchers working in their own countries and abroad.Fil: Monczor, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas; ArgentinaFil: Genaro, Ana Maria. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentin
Involvement of the endogenous nitric oxide signalling system in bradykinin receptor activation in rat submandibular salivary gland
Get PDFBiochemical signalling events coupled to the bradykinin B2-receptor subtype, related to nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 generation were studied in rat submandibular gland. Bradykinin stimulation of the B2-receptor triggered activation of phosphoinositide turnover, translocation of protein kinase C, stimulation of nitric oxide synthase activity, increased production of cGMP and release of prostaglandin E2. Bradykinin stimulation of nitric oxide synthase and cGMP production was blunted by agents able to interfere with calcium/calmodulin and phospholipase C activities, while a protein kinase C inhibitor was able to stimulate bradykinin action. Moreover, a specific B2-bradykinin antagonist of the reversible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor abrogated the bradykinin stimulation of nitric oxide synthase activity, cGMP accumulation and prostaglandin E2 generation. Furthermore, a specific inhibitor of phospholipase A2 blocked the bradykinin-induced prostaglandin E2 release. These results suggest that apart, from the direct effect of bradykinin as an inducer of vasopermeability, it also appears to be a vasoactive chemical mediator that triggers, through release of prostaglandin E2, a feedback mechanism that induces a protective adaptation of the gland, modulating the course of inflammation. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.Fil: Genaro, Ana Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Stranieri, Graciela M.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Borda, Enri Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentin
The role of glucocorticoids sensitivity in immunopathology
No full textGlucocorticoids are steroid hormones secreted from the adrenal glands that have important physiological roles in the regulation of basal homeostasis and adaptative response to physical and psychological stress. In particular, glucocorticoids modulate immune function and have been extensively used in clinical practice due to its potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive action. These effects are generally mediated through glucocorticoid receptors expressed on immune cells. Glucocorticoid signaling depends largely on nuclear translocation and association of a hormone-bound GR dimer to specific DNA sequence modulating target gene expression. Glucocorticoids are crucial drugs for the treatment of allergic, inflammatory, autoimmune and lymphoproliferative diseases. However, there are a substantial proportion of patients that do not adequately respond to glucocorticoid therapy. Glucocorticoid resistance has been found mainly in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, bronchial asthma and immune thrombocytopenia. The biologic effects of glucocorticoids are determined by not only their concentrations but also individual and tissue sensitivity to the hormone. In general, glucocorticoid sensitivity refers to the response of a glucocorticoid-responsive system to different concentration of hormone and it is dependent of glucocorticoid receptor expression and affinity and many intracellular mediators that can regulate the signal transduction cascade. Glucocorticoid sensitivity can be modulated by genetic and acquired disease-related factors. Here, we review the mechanism participating in altered glucocorticoid sensitivity that in turn affects their effect on immune response. Specially, we described the participation of changes in receptor expression, glucocorticoid receptor splice variant, functional genetic variants of the glucocorticoid receptor gene, alterations in glucocorticoids receptor signaling and interactions with pro-inflammatory transcription factors. Possible strategies to modulate glucocorticoid sensitivity and improve glucocorticoid therapy are also briefly discussed.Fil: Di Rosso, María Emilia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Scublinsky, Darío Gerardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Genaro, Ana Maria. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Farmacología; Argentin
Differential effects of fluoxetine on murine B-cell proliferation depending on the biochemical pathways triggered by distinct mitogens
Get PDFThe effect of fluoxetine on mitogen-induced B-cell proliferation was studied. In particular, we analyzed the influence of fluoxetine on the signal transduction pathways triggered after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anti-immunoglobulin M antibodies (anti-IgM). We showed that fluoxetine had a dual effect on anti-IgM-stimulated B-cell proliferation: at optimal anti-IgM concentration, fluoxetine inhibited proliferation, whereas at suboptimal anti-IgM concentration, the drug enhanced proliferation. Fluoxetine exerted only an inhibitory effect on LPS-induced B-cell proliferation. Calcium influx seemed to be involved in these effects. © 2000 Elsevier Science Inc.Fil: Genaro, Ana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Edgar, Valeria Ayelli. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Sterin Borda, Leonor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentin
Downregulation of beta adrenergic receptor expression on B cells by activation of early signals in alloantigen-induced immune response
Get PDFPreviously we described a decrease in β-adrenergic receptor expression in B lymphocytes as a consequence of in vivo alloimmunization. This decrease correlates with the highest response of alloantibody production by B cells. In the present report we examined the participation of intracellular signals elicited after alloimmune stimulation. We showed that in vitro stimulation of B cells with mitomycin C-treated allogenic cells induced a reduction in the number of β-adrenoceptors. This downregulation correlated to changes in basal and in isoproterenol-stimulated intracellular cAMP levels. We found that calcium mobilization and protein kinase C activation triggered after direct allogenic stimulation and/or by the action of T cell-soluble factors induced the reduction in β-adrenoceptor sites. These findings could be of interest to understand the neuroendocrine mechanisms involved in the regulation of B cell activation. Copyright ©2000 S. Karger AG, Basel.Fil: Genaro, Ana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Cremaschi, Graciela Alicia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; ArgentinaFil: Gorelik, G.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Sterin Borda, L.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Borda, Enri Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentin
Prenatal stress induces up-regulation of glucocorticoid receptors on lymphoid cells modifying the T-cell response after acute stress exposure in the adult life
Get PDFIt has been demonstrated that a short-duration stress (acute stress) may result in immunopreparatory or immunoenhancing physiological conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether exposure to prenatal restraint stress (PRS) influences the impact of acute stress on the T-cell response in the adult life. We found that female mice exposed to PRS (PS mice) did not exhibit changes in the T-cell-dependent IgG antibody production with respect to prenatally non-stressed mice (no-PS mice). However, no-PS mice exposed to acute stress showed an increase of antibody production after antigen stimulation. In contrast, PS mice exhibited a decreased response after an acute situation. Spleen catecholamines and plasma corticosterone levels were increased in acute stress in both PS and no-PS mice. Nevertheless, lymphocyte response to hormones was altered in PS mice. Particularly, inhibitory effect of corticosterone was higher on lymphocytes from PS mice. In addition, an increase in protein levels and mRNA expression of glucocorticoid receptor was found in lymphoid cells from PS mice. These results show that prenatal stress alters the immune intrinsic regulatory mechanism that in turn induces an increased vulnerability to any stressful situation able to modify immune homeostasis.Fil: Pascuan, Cecilia Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Rubinstein Guichon, Mara Roxana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Palumbo, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Genaro, Ana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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