1,721,057 research outputs found
On the expressiveness of spider diagrams and commutative star-free regular languages
Full text linkSpider diagrams provide a visual logic to express relations between sets and their elements, extending the expressiveness of Venn diagrams. Sound and complete inference systems for spider diagrams have been developed and it is known that they are equivalent in expressive power to monadic first-order logic with equality, MFOL[=]. In this paper, we further characterize their expressiveness by articulating a link between them and formal languages. First, we establish that spider diagrams define precisely the languages that are finite unions of languages of the form K {black small square} ?*, where K is a finite commutative language and ? is a finite set of letters. We note that it was previously established that spider diagrams define commutative star-free languages. As a corollary, all languages of the form K {black small square} ?* are commutative star-free languages. We further demonstrate that every commutative star-free language is also such a finite union. In summary, we establish that spider diagrams define precisely: (a) languages definable in MFOL[=], (b) the commutative star-free regular languages, and (c) finite unions of the form K {black small square} ?*, as just described
Visual Analytics and Visual Semantics
No full textVisual languages are frequently used in wide ranging application areas. In computing particularly, visual languages often play a central role such as in the design of software artefacts, conveying models of computation, or in providing an understanding of systems in general. This special issue
demonstrates just some of the vast array of research topics in visual languages, in the specific areas of Visual Analytics and Visual Semantics
Diagrammatic Representation and Inference
No full textThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Diagrams, Diagrams 2018, held in Edinburgh, UK, in June 2018. The 26 revised full papers and 28 short papers presented together with 32 posters were carefully reviewed and selected from 124 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: generating and drawing Euler diagrams; diagrams in mathematics; diagram design, principles and classification; reasoning with diagrams; Euler and Venn diagrams; empirical studies and cognition; Peirce and existential graphs; and logic and diagrams
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Observing the Truth: Diagrams, Sets and Free Rides
No full textThere are many different notations that can define relationships between sets, some of which are diagrammatic and others symbolic. Even when a notation is selected, there are choices to be made between semantically equivalent, yet syntactically different, statements. Syntactic choices include variations in both abstract syntax and concrete syntax where graphical and topological properties can differ. Whilst it is clearly important to understand the relative benefits of choices in all senses, the focus here is on the choice of notation and, within that, abstract syntax choices 1 . Fig. 1: Illustrating free rides. This importance of notation choice has been explored previously, through the study of free rides Free rides are thought to be a major reason why diagrammatic notations can outperform symbolic notations in reasoning tasks. In particular, free rides indicate why we may wish to choose Euler diagrams over symbolic set-theory as a notation for representing relationships between sets. A key requirement that underpins the theory of free rides is the existence of a translation from one set of statements, such as symbolic statements about sets, into another set of 1 Readers interested in concrete syntax choices for Euler diagrams or linear diagrams are referred t
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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