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The Role of Identity and Embeddedness in the Emergence of a Knowledge Cluster in Lithuania
No full textThis paper studies the emergence of a knowledge intensive cluster in Vilnius, Lithuania. It presents the first empirical findings of a longitudinal case study on how a group of Lithuanian universities and companies, in a close cooperation with the Vilnius City council, progressed in their attempt to build the first knowledge cluster Lithuania. For a theoretical framework, we draw on a social practice perspective and the concept of embeddedness borrowed from economic sociology. The social practice perspective suggests that for a new reality, such as knowledge cluster, to emerge the key actors and institutions involved in the creation of this project need to acquire new identities, develop new collective (collaborative) practices within and between organizations and adopt new principles for resource allocation. The embeddedness argument reveals the relational nature of the identity concept and helps to show how individual and institutional identities are manifested through different forms of embeddedness. Thus, in a complimentary manner, the embeddedness view suggests that cluster creation requires that the key research institutions and economic actors simultaneously engage in two parallel processes: dis-embeddedness from the old social structure and gradually embedding themselves into a new social structure. Our preliminary findings suggest that narrowly defined organizational identities, a lack of embedded collaborative histories, lack of cluster legitimacy in a wider society, limited resources available to the key actors as well as the absence of a powerful catalyst are the main barriers in building the knowledge cluster. Because collaborative capabilities and shared identities are not readily available, and because they can only be created through learning by doing, we predict that cluster creation will be difficult and slow process. However, this process can be enhanced and significantly speeded—up, if the cluster project receives significant financial and advisory support from the institutional sponsors, gains wider acceptance / legitimacy in a society and if it is able to attract a sufficient number of dedicated and altruistic Don Quixote-like institutional entrepreneurs, who have a different logic of action than what a mainstream economic theory has prescribed
Recent European research on SME export behavior and internationalization
No full textKirjoittajat: Loane Sharon, Bell Jim, Nummela Nina, Saarenketo Sami, Puumalainen Kaisu, Rialp Alex, Rial Joselp, Pulkkinen Johanna, Larimo Jorma, Knudsen Mette Præst,
Maccarini Maurizio Ettore, Scabini Paolo, Zucchella Antonella, Kuivalainen Olli,
Sundqvist Sanna, Gelbuda Modestas,
Starkus Arunus, Zidonis Zilvinas,
Tamasevicius Virginijus, Witkowska Janina, Wysokińska Zofia, Vissak Tiiafi=vertaisarvioimaton|en=nonPeerReviewed|ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
The Effects of Innovative Work Practices on Firm and Worker Outcomes: Evidence from Lithuania
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
International business and institutional development in Central and Eastern Europe
No full textSince the early 1990s, Central and Eastern Europe has attracted international business research into the interaction between radical societal change and business development in these emerging market economies. This research has effectively utilized institutional theories, and thus revealed limitations of similar applications in other contexts, while setting the stage for more refined argumentations, especially with respect to rapidly changing contexts. This introductory paper outlines both economic and the sociological perspectives on the influence of institutions on business, and thus sets the stage for this Special Issue. On this basis, we introduce the five papers in this special issue, and outline an agenda for future research.Institutions Emerging economies Cental and Eastern Europe Economic transition
Managing Distributed Knowledge Systems
No full textThe article argues that the growth of de novo knowledge-based organization depends on managing and coordinating increasingly growing and, therefore, distributed knowledge. Moreover, the growth in knowledge is often accompanied by an increasing organizational complexity, which is a result of integrating new people, building new units and adding activities to the existing organization. It is argued that knowledge is not a stable capacity that belongs to any actor alone, but that it is rather an ongoing social accomplishment, which is created and recreated as actors engage in mutual activities. This paper contributes to the research on organizations as distributed knowledge systems by addressing two weaknesses of the social practice literature. Firstly, it downplays the importance of formal structure and organizational design and intervention efforts by key organizational members. Secondly, it does not explain how communities connect to the whole organization, but rather how they are disconnected from the governing canonical perspectives. In response to this we develop a conceptual model IKAR (denoting corporate and departmental identities, knowledge, activities and resources) and show how its dynamics shape the emerging collective practices within and between organizational departments. We present a case of a de novo knowledge intensive firm to illustrate the model, and conclude with a discussion of emerging implications
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Worlds Apart -Why Good Ideas And Superior Competence Do Not Always Lead To Successful Product Development And Sales
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