1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Stem Cell Survival in the Face of Genomic Instability
No full textHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sustain the life-long production of blood and maintain the integrity of the hematopoietic system. Therefore, they possess self-renewal capacity and are able to differentiate into all the mature blood cell lineages. These are finely tuned processes, which constantly involve dynamic HSC fate decisions and an imbalance may result in misregulation associated with cellular transformation or other types of diseases.
In the hematopoietic disorder Fanconi Anemia (FA), such an imbalance in the HSC pool results in bone marrow failure, a collapse of the entire hematopoietic system. In addition, FA patients are susceptible to developing hematologic malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This is the result of a loss of function in the FA DNA repair machinery, which renders HSCs genetically unstable as they are unable to repair certain forms of DNA damage. Murine knockout models for individual FA pathway members fully recapitulate the FA HSC DNA repair defect seen in patients and demonstrate a severe engraftment defect in competitive transplantation experiments. We could recently show, that in response to proliferative stress, such as during transplantation and reconstitution, FA HSCs accumulate DNA damage and are quickly lost due to apoptotic cell death, which is a key driver of bone marrow failure. FA HSCs are also subject to cellular transformation, which may result in the outgrowth of a leukemic founder clone. The identification of novel therapeutic targets would likely provide insight into the underlying mechanism of the FA HSC defect and the associated pathology of FA. In this respect, forward genetic screens using insertional mutagenesis have proven to be a powerful screening method for the identification of genes with the potential to influence stem cell kinetics when upregulated or disrupted.
We have employed retroviral insertional mutagenesis in the context of FA HSC biology using a murine transplantation model in order to try and identify novel factors with the potential to rescue the inherent FA HSC transplantation defect. In this respect, we show that retroviral vector integrations trigger the expansion of nonmalignant dominant FA clones in transplanted mice and allow the retrospective identification of nearby genes whose deregulation had caused clonal expansion in the face of genomic instability. We identified four candidate drivers of clonal dominance in the FA HSCs: Osgin1, Evi1, Taf1b and Grhl1, which we further characterized in the context of HSC biology under homeostatic and stress conditions as well as during development. In this respect, we identified the oxidative stress-induced growth inhibitor (Osgin1) as a promising candidate target gene, which is expressed in FA and WT HSCs under homeostatic conditions as well as in hemogenic endothelium/HSPCs during developmental specification from normal embryonic stem cells. Furthermore, we provide insight into the hematopoietic role of Osgin1, which displays differential expression levels during the individual steps of HSC commitment and their response to physiologic stress. We conclude that Osgin1 is an essential factor for hematopoiesis and we will further characterize Osgin1 using the tools and assays that we have developed to assess whether it impacts on FA HSC fate decisions in vitro and during hematopoietic reconstitution in vivo. Furthermore, we provide some insight into how the FA HSCs may become a dominant clone and suggest likely candidate mechanisms with the potential to compensate the inherent FA HSC defect. According to our hypothesis, the identified candidate target genes may either prevent the acquisition of DNA damage or repair it or, alternatively, block the apoptotic cell death, which is a likely cell fate outcome for FA HSCs. Our findings hold great potential for HSC research with implications for normal as well as FA HSC biology
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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