16 research outputs found
Iridaceae
No full textPerennial herbs, often with bulbs, tubers or rhizomes, sometimes undershrubs. Leaves simple, equitant (except in Crocus), with parallel nerves. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, in cymes, spikes or panicles, sometimes very contracted or flowers solitary, bracteate and with 1 or 2 spathes. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic to zygomorphic, often marcescent. Tepals free or united into a tube, in 2 whorls, the inner ones rarely inconspicuous ( Patersonia). Stamens 3 or exceptionally 2 with 1 staminode (in the Australian Diplarrhena), free or united into a tube, basifixed or dorsifixed, opposite to the outer tepals. Ovary inferior (or superior in the Tasmanian Isophysis), 3-celled with axillary placentas; style entire or trifid, sometimes tepaloid; stigmas 3 or 6, terminal or sometimes axillary, alternating with or opposite to the outer tepals; ovules generally numerous. Fruit capsular, dehiscing loculicidally, apically or irregularly. Seeds angular, flat or globose, sometimes winged.
Distribution. Cosmopolitan, with c. 60 genera and c. 800 spp., predominantly in the tropics and the southern hemisphere. In Malesia: only two Australasian genera each with 1 sp., and four exotic ones introduced and naturalized
Amaryllidaceae
No full textPerennial herbs with bulbs, tubers or rhizomes. Leaves simple, with parallel nerves. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, in cymes, spikes or umbels (in Amaryllidoideae), or flowers solitary, bracteate and often with one or few spathes (in Amaryllidoideae). Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, sometimes marcescent. Tepals in 2 whorls, free or united into a tube, sometimes with a conspicuous corona. Stamens 6, free or sometimes united into a false corona, often inserted at the mouth of the perigone-tube; anthers basifixed, dorsifixed or medifixed, often versatile. Ovary inferior, 3-celled with axillary placentas; ovules 1 to numerous per cell. Fruit capsular, dehiscing either loculicidally or irregularly, or fruit a berry. Seeds globose or flattened, sometimes winged.
Distribution — Cosmopolitan, with c. 80 genera and around 1000 species. In Malesia only 6 genera are indigenous or naturalized, but many others are cultivated in botanic and private gardens (see the list on p. 371)
Flore d'Afrique centrale - Spermatophyta - Asparagaceae
No full textPDF version of treatment of Asparagaceae in Flore d'Afrique centrale serie
Flore d'Afrique centrale - Spermatophyta - Asphodelaceae
No full textPDF version of treatment of Asphodelaceae in Flore d'Afrique centrale serie
Editorial
No full textFlora Malesiana series i volume 8 instalment 2, pages 31-300, came from the press in December 1977*. It contains the Ulmaceae by E. Soepadmo: 6 genera, 27 species; the Iridaceae by D.J.L. Geerinck: 6 genera, 7 species; the Cornaceae by K.M. Matthew: 1 genus Mastixia with 10 species; the Onagraceae by P.H. Raven: 2 genera, 14 species; the Bignoniaceae by C.G.G. J. van Steenis: 15 genera, 31 species + in concise treatment 23 ornamental species; the Crypteroniaceae by R.J. van Beusekom-Osinga: 3 genera, 8 species; the Symplocaceae by H.P. Nooteboom: 1 genus Symplocos, 58 species; the Lentibulariaceae by P. Taylor: 1 genus Utricularia, 22 species.
Volume 8 instalment 3 is in proof. It contains the Labiatae and Anacardiaceae, as well as some Addenda, the Dedication to F.A.W. Miquel, and the Index, since volume 8 will then be completed
De kosten van DBFMO: Een onderzoek naar transactiekosten in het licht van gebouwgebonden DBFMO project op Rijksniveau in Nederland
No full textIn dit onderzoek staan de transactiekosten van publieke, gebouwgebonden DBFMO projecten op rijksniveau centraal. Aan de zijde van zowel deelnemende consortia als de Rijksgebouwendienst (de opdrachtgever) worden signalen afgegeven dat transactiekosten van gebouwgebonden DBFMO projecten als hoog worden ervaren. Ondanks onderzoek zijn er echter nog maar weinig empirische resultaten over transactiekosten. Dit wordt veroorzaakt door een afwezigheid van een standaard terminologie voor transactiekosten. Terwijl er in de literatuur verschillende theorieën en definities over de samenstelling van de transactiekosten zijn ontwikkeld, is de ontwikkeling van een eenduidige definitie tot op heden uitgebleven. Om tegemoet te komen aan de vraag om de hoogte van transactiekosten van DBFMO contracten te verlagen, heeft dit onderzoek als doel om de samenstelling van transactiekosten in DBFMO projecten inzichtelijk te maken. Dit onderzoek heeft daarnaast als doel om aan de hand van deze samenstelling de omvang van de transactiekosten te inventariseren. Mocht blijken dat er ruimte is voor besparingen binnen de huidige transactiekosten, worden mogelijke manieren voor besparingen verder bestudeerd.Design & Construction ManagementReal Estate & HousingArchitectur
Dinol uit naphtaleen: Deel 1. Van naphtaleen tot ß-naphtol, Deel 2. Van R-zout tot Dinol
No full textDocument(en) uit de collectie Chemische ProcestechnologieDelftChemTechApplied Science
Pathways to Disability: Predicting Health Trajectories
No full textThe paper considers transitions in the health and disability status of persons as they age. In particular, we explore the relationship between health and disability at younger ages (say 50) and health and disability in future ages. We consider for example, the future health path of persons who are in good health at age 50 compared to the future health path of persons who are in poor health at age 50. To do this, we develop a model that jointly considers health and mortality. The key feature of the model is the assumption of underlying “latent” health that determines both mortality and self-reported responses to categorical health and disability questions. Latent health allows for heterogeneity among individuals and allows for correlation of health status over time, thus allowing for state dependence as well as heterogeneity. The model also allows for classification errors in self-reported response to categorical health and disability questions. All of these are important features of health and disability data, as we show with descriptive data. The model accommodates the strong relationship between self-reported health status and mortality, which is critical to an understanding of the paths of health and disability of the survivors who are observed in panel data files. Our empirical analysis is based on all four cohorts of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) -- the HRS, AHEAD, CODA and WB cohorts). We find that self-reported health and self-reported disability correspond very closely to one another in the HRS. We find that both self-reported health and disability are strong predictors of mortality. Health and disability at younger ages are strongly related to future health and disability paths of persons as they age. There are important differences in health and disability paths by education level, race, and gender.
Pathways to Disability: Predicting Health Trajectories
No full textThe paper considers transitions in the health and disability status of persons as they age. In particular, we explore the relationship between health and disability at younger ages (say 50) and health and disability in future ages. We consider for example, the future health path of persons who are in good health at age 50 compared to the future health path of persons who are in poor health at age 50. To do this, we develop a model that jointly considers health and mortality. The key feature of the model is the assumption of underlying “latent” health that determines both mortality and self-reported responses to categorical health and disability questions. Latent health allows for heterogeneity among individuals and allows for correlation of health status over time, thus allowing for state dependence as well as heterogeneity. The model also allows for classification errors in self-reported response to categorical health and disability questions. All of these are important features of health and disability data, as we show with descriptive data. The model accommodates the strong relationship between self-reported health status and mortality, which is critical to an understanding of the paths of health and disability of the survivors who are observed in panel data files. Our empirical analysis is based on all four cohorts of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) -- the HRS, AHEAD, CODA and WB cohorts). We find that self-reported health and self-reported disability correspond very closely to one another in the HRS. We find that both self-reported health and disability are strong predictors of mortality. Health and disability at younger ages are strongly related to future health and disability paths of persons as they age. There are important differences in health and disability paths by education level, race, and gender.
A global phylogeny of butterflies reveals their evolutionary history, ancestral hosts and biogeographic origins
No full textAbstract: Butterflies are a diverse and charismatic insect group that are thought to have evolved with plants and dispersed throughout the world in response to key geological events. However, these hypotheses have not been extensively tested because a comprehensive phylogenetic framework and datasets for butterfly larval hosts and global distributions are lacking. We sequenced 391 genes from nearly 2,300 butterfly species, sampled from 90 countries and 28 specimen collections, to reconstruct a new phylogenomic tree of butterflies representing 92% of all genera. Our phylogeny has strong support for nearly all nodes and demonstrates that at least 36 butterfly tribes require reclassification. Divergence time analyses imply an origin ~100 million years ago for butterflies and indicate that all but one family were present before the K/Pg extinction event. We aggregated larval host datasets and global distribution records and found that butterflies are likely to have first fed on Fabaceae and originated in what is now the Americas. Soon after the Cretaceous Thermal Maximum, butterflies crossed Beringia and diversified in the Palaeotropics. Our results also reveal that most butterfly species are specialists that feed on only one larval host plant family. However, generalist butterflies that consume two or more plant families usually feed on closely related plants.Copyright © The Author(s) 2023. This is an open access article, available to all readers online, published under a creative commons licensing (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor
