133,978 research outputs found
Big-Defensin Diversification in Oysters: Implications for Host Defense and Microbiota Management (D. Destoumieux-Garzon INVITED SPEAKER)
No full textD. Destoumieux-Garzon INVITED SPEAKERInternational audienc
Big-Defensin Diversification in Oysters: Implications for Host Defense and Microbiota Management (D. Destoumieux-Garzon INVITED SPEAKER)
No full textD. Destoumieux-Garzon INVITED SPEAKERInternational audienc
Big-Defensin Diversification in Oysters: Implications for Host Defense and Microbiota Management (D. Destoumieux-Garzon INVITED SPEAKER)
No full textD. Destoumieux-Garzon INVITED SPEAKERInternational audienc
Big-Defensin Diversification in Oysters: Implications for Host Defense and Microbiota Management (D. Destoumieux-Garzon INVITED SPEAKER)
No full textD. Destoumieux-Garzon INVITED SPEAKERInternational audienc
HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRIC STRATEGIES FOR DETECTION OF PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES COVALENTLY MODIFIED BY ELECTROPHILIC XENOBIOTICS AND ENDOGENOUS INTERMEDIATES
No full textNon enzymatic protein covalent modifications are involved in the toxic effects induced by electrophilic xenobiotics as well as by endogenous cytotoxic oxidation by-products. Aim of my Ph.D work was to set-up MS methods for the identification, characterization and quantification of non-enzymatic covalently modified proteins and peptides in biological matrices. To reach this goal both tandem MS and high resolution approaches were employed due to the wealth of structural and molecular information that these techniques can provide.
As a first step the MS methods were applied for understanding in both in vitro and ex vivo conditions the mechanism of protein haptenation induced by amoxicillin (AX). The MS approach was then focused to study in ex vivo condition the covalent reaction between histidine dipeptides, such as carnosine, and toxic endogenous intermediates like reactive carbonyl species (RCS).
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Risk of reduced intestinal absorption of myo-inositol caused by D-chiro-inositol or by glucose transporter inhibitors
No full textBackground: D-chiro-inositol (DCI) and glucose transporter inhibitors may inhibit myo-inositol (MI) transporters, and the aim is to clinically evaluate their effect on MI absorption. Research design and methods: Fasting 18 healthy volunteers received orally 6000 mg MI, 6000 mg MI with 1000 mg DCI, and 6000 mg MI with SelectSIEVE® Apple PCQ and Sorbitol, Maltodextrin and Sucralose (PCQ- SMS), in three different phases with a washout period of 7 days. At each phase, blood samples were collected before administration, and every 60 minutes until 540 minutes after administration. MI plasma levels (μmol/L) were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to reach it (Tmax), and the area under the time-concentration curve of MI (AUC 0-540) were evaluated. Results: The Cmax of MI alone (Tmax=180min) was 1.29-fold higher than those of MI with DCI (Tmax=180min) (p<0.001) and 1.69-fold higher than those of MI with PCQ-SMS (Tmax=240min) (p<0.001). The AUC 0-540 was reduced by 19.09% in MI plus DCI (p=0.0118) and of 31.8% in MI plus PCQ-SMS (p<0.001) as compared to MI alone. Conclusions: DCI, glucose transporter inhibitors and sugars, such as sorbitol and maltodextrin, seem to inhibit MI absorption, decreasing MI plasma concentration as compared to MI alone
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
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