1,721,135 research outputs found
Documents relating to the unnaming of Kroeber Hall
Get PDFThis is a collection of five documents created at the University of California, Berkeley in relation to the unnaming of Kroeber Hall. The unnaming was proposed in 2020 and approved in 2021
Integrating archives and new documentation: The Berkeley Yurok Language Project
Get PDFYurok is a severely endangered language still spoken by about half a dozen elderly people in northwestern California. Though it has not been used on a daily basis in any households for a decade or longer, there is an active language revitalization program and considerable community interest in linguistic and cultural revival. Academic anthropologists and linguists have documented Yurok since 1901 (non-academic documentation began earlier), with especially intense phases of work in the first, sixth, and ninth decades of the twentieth century and since 2001. A short grammar was published by R. H. Robins (1958) and numerous analytic publications have appeared in linguistics journals over the years. But the vast majority of documentary work is still unpublished, in the form of field notes by numerous scholars (A. L. Kroeber, Edward Sapir, J. P. Harrington, and others) and audio recordings in various media. The latter range from wax cylinders recorded as early as 1902 to recordings made in 2008. The Yurok Language Project at the University of California, Berkeley has assembled new and legacy data into a set of integrated databases, comprising a lexicon, several thousand short audio files, more than a hundred separate texts, and photos and other encylopedic information. We have developed an innovative web-based interface allowing users to move seamlessly among the various sub-parts of the database, for example looking up lexicon entries while reading texts or seeing illustrative text examples and hearing sample audio clips within the lexicon. The resulting web archive is among the largest integrated databases of its kind for any nonliterary language. In this presentation I will illustrate the web interface and describe the structure of the underlying database
Pedagogy and practice: Grammatical analysis in a revitalization project
Get PDFThe Yurok Language Project at UC Berkeley engages in grammatical and text analysis based on legacy documentation (from 1901 onward) and recent fieldwork, and provides support of various kinds for the language education activities of the Yurok Tribe. Yurok is an indigenous language of northwestern California with fewer than half a dozen first-language speakers, all elderly, and an increasing community of second-language speakers who have acquired some communicative competence through tribally-sponsored community and school language classes.
In this presentation, I describe some of the activities and challenges associated with providing grammatical support for indigenous language pedagogy. One notable aspect of the California language context is that tribes now have the legal right to certify indigenous language teachers, and are thus actively devising teacher assessment procedures. This intersects with centralized curriculum development so that a graded pedagogical scheme is needed, with specific linguistic concepts associated with specific levels of certification and instruction. For linguistic research at Berkeley, this has meant prioritizing analytic work on concepts at the earlier certification levels and deferring work on topics (in some cases linguistically more "interesting" topics) at more advanced levels. For example, research on the most frequent tense/aspect markers has been essential for ensuring basic competence in their distribution, while the equally interesting system of paratactic discourse markers remains understudied.
A striking feature of the current Yurok language setting is that language revitalization is so successful in the community, and so many young people are learning to use and teach the language, that they now mainly learn from one another rather than from the very few remaining first-language speakers. (Most elder speakers who were closely involved with language teaching have passed away.) In some cases the communicative practice of younger speakers has introduced obvious calques on English morphosyntax for example, in the tense/aspect system, a preverb expressing perfect aspect is now widely used in all present-time situations as an equivalent of the English present tense. Such changes offer an interesting challenge for grammatical descriptions that are meant to be useful to learners and teachers but at the same time based on the practice of first-language speakers who lacked such English interference effects.
Both points will be exemplified with detailed discussion of the tense/aspect system, how it has functioned over the last century, how it can be described grammatically, and how it is changing in current usage
Documenting, analyzing, and teaching the grammar of direction in Karuk
Get PDFWe are developing an online resource to support research, teaching, learning, and revitalization of Karuk (Hokan, northern California). To illustrate the value of integrating a morphologically analyzed lexical and text database with a syntactically parsed text corpus, we discuss how research on the morphosyntax of directional suffixes can inform pedagogy
Parametric Changes in the History of the Greek Article
No full textIn this paper I argue that meaningful explanations of syntactic change may be in fact attained by assuming both a solid theory of synchronic description and a strong hypothesis on diachronic variation, able to lead different and apparently unrelated phenomena back to a unique evolutionary development.The theoretical framework is based on the recent proposals on the potential historical impact of the generative theory of syntactic parameters, i.e. the assumption that formal syntactic analysis may be in principle used as a source of diachronic and evolutionary explanation (Longobardi & Guardiano 2008).The empirical analysis is focused on the development of the Greek article-system; more specifically, a comparative parametric description of data belonging to the Classical period, to New-Testament varieties, and to standard Modern Greek is proposed, and two specific events, i.e. the rise of the so-called indefinite article and the necessity for the (expletive) definite one to occur with proper names (in Modern Greek), are investigated and explained as the diachronic consequence of a single parameter resetting
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
