152,046 research outputs found
An effective method to investigate short crack growth behaviour by reverse bending testing
No full textA reverse bending rig has the advantage of relatively cheap construction compared with servo-controlled machines, and its robustness and reliability make it ideally suited to long-term testing programmes. In this paper, the details of the mechanical mechanism of a bending rig, the methods of its strain measurement and stress-strain analysis have been presented. A series of tests has been carried out to investigate short crack growth behaviour of AISI type 316 stainless steel under creep-fatigue conditions at 550C. The advantage of this type of test allows a comparison to be made, on one specimen, of the influence of both tensile and compressive hold periods on crack growth behaviour. It has been shown that predominantly intergranular long cracks form on the tensile side and transgranular short cracks on the compressive side and these are a prominent feature between 0.9 – 2.5% strain range
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Human-T-Cell-Selective Fluorescent Probe
No full textThe identification of T and B lymphocytes has relied on using antibodies against different biomarkers as the gold standard. Emerging small molecule-based fluorescent probes have the potential to replace antibodies. Herein, we report the first human-T-cell-selective fluorescent probe, Mito thermo yellow (MTY), achieving the live T cells’ distinction from B cells, which was previously impossible without the help of antibodies. The unexpected cell selectivity of MTY is attributed to the higher mitochondria mass and membrane potential of T cells over B cells. This study enriches the toolbox for live cell distinction from complex cell communities
Mass concentrations of black carbon measured by four instruments in the middle of Central East China in June 2006
No full textAuthor name used in this publication: Gao, J.Author name used in this publication: Wang, T.2008-2009 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishedC
Book Review: Matthew T. Prior (2016). Emotion and Discourse in L2 Narrative Research. UK: Multilingual Matters. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-1783094424
No full textBook Review by Fang Gao: Matthew T. Prior (2016). Emotion and Discourse in L2 Narrative Research. UK: Multilingual Matters
Human CD4+ Memory T Cells Can Become CD4+IL-9+ T Cells
No full textBackground: IL-9 is a growth factor for T- and mast-cells that is secreted by human Th2 cells. We recently reported that IL-4+TGF-β directs mouse CD4+CD25−CD62L+ T cells to commit to inflammatory IL-9 producing CD4+ T cells. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we show that human inducible regulatory T cells (iTregs) also express IL-9. IL-4+TGF-β induced higher levels of IL-9 expression in plate bound-anti-CD3 mAb (pbCD3)/soluble-anti-CD28 mAb (sCD28) activated human resting memory CD4+CD25−CD45RO+ T cells as compared to naïve CD4+CD25−CD45RA+ T cells. In addition, as compared to pbCD3/sCD28 plus TGF-β stimulation, IL-4+TGF-β stimulated memory CD4+CD25−CD45RO+ T cells expressed reduced FOXP3 protein. As analyzed by pre-amplification boosted single-cell real-time PCR, human CD4+IL-9+ T cells expressed GATA3 and RORC, but not IL-10, IL-13, IFNγ or IL-17A/F. Attempts to optimize IL-9 production by pbCD3/sCD28 and IL-4+TGF-β stimulated resting memory CD4+ T cells demonstrated that the addition of IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-21 further enhance IL-9 production. Conclusions/Significance: Taken together these data show both the differences and similarities between mouse and human CD4+IL9+ T cells and reaffirm the powerful influence of inflammatory cytokines to shape the response of activated CD4+ T cells to antigen.Version of Recor
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
