1,721,052 research outputs found
Determination of N2O emission factor in hydroponic cultivation with alternative nitrogen fertilization sources: the case of Struvite and human urine
Full text linkIn recent years the use of wastewater precipitate struvite (NH4MgPO4·6H2O) as slow-release fertilizer in soil based agriculture has gained a lot of interest, recycling P and reducing losses into the environment (Ahmed et al., 2018). Recent work has revealed the great potential of struvite in hydroponic agriculture as well as the reduction of P emissions into leachate water (Arcas Pilz et al., 2022). Similarly, urine diversion systems have been deemed a potential solution to the reduction of nitrogen concentration in wastewater, which opens a new possibility to be used as fertilizer (Pimentel-Rodrigues y SivaAfonso, 2019). While both alternative fertilization sources can pose new paradigms in urban and peri urban agriculture and reduce the reliance on mineral and synthetic fertilizers (Arcas Pilz et al., 2021) their indirect emissions in the form of N2O have not been defined in emerging hydroponic systems. N2O is an important and persistent greenhouse gas (GHG)
with high global warming potential.
Nitrogen in struvite is found in the form of ammonium, which, when released, can undergo processes of nitrification or dissociation which could lead to the emission of thisGHG. Also, in the form of, nitrate, through processes of denitrification, can cause these emissions. At the same time the treatment of concentrated urine through a moving bed biofilm reactor cannot ensure a total nitrification of the effluent which can be then given in the form of ammonium. The present work aims to determine the N2O emission factor of struvite and treated urine in hydroponic production compared to synthetic NO3 fertilizer.Instituto de Ingeniería RuralFil: Manosalva, Jonatan Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Ingeniería Rural; Argentina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology; EspañaFil: Arcas-Pilz, Verónica. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology; EspañaFil: Gabarrell, Xavier. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology; España. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering; Españ
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Emission factors from urban food systems in a circular city
Full text linkUrban Agriculture (UA) plays a crucial role in building resilient and sustainable cities by ensuring a steady food supply and offering environmental, economic, and societal benefits. Despite its potential, implementing UA, which includes Rooftop Greenhouses (iRTGs) and Vertical Farms (VFs), faces challenges such as air quality concerns and regulatory issues. Indoor pollution, particularly Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), poses health risks, and the expansion of UA installations is expected to increase biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) emitted by plants. Monitoring BVOC emissions is essential to understand their impact on air quality and human health. Research conducted in a building iRTG and an indoor VF assessed BVOC emissions from plants like green beans, tomatoes, and basil. The study aimed to define safety thresholds for BVOC emissions, considering factors influencing emissions and potential health risks. BVOC levels remained within safe limits on average, peaking during initial growth phases and decreasing later. In iRTGs, monoterpenes dominated early emissions, followed by lipoxygenase derivatives and oxygenated monoterpenes, while in VFs, emission patterns varied with light treatment. Safety assessments compared BVOC concentrations against indoor limits set by regulatory bodies, showing that emissions from UA spaces were significantly lower than reference limits. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and lighting significantly influenced BVOC emissions, with artificial lighting playing a crucial role in VFs. Plant morphology also affected emissions, with variations observed across growth stages. Various volatile sampling techniques were employed, with active sampling in a static enclosure preferred for its reliability and accuracy. Alternative approaches using different sorbent materials and analytical techniques yielded consistent findings, showing technical advancements in BVOC sampling. Future research could explore additional plant species, alternative fertilizers, and new sampling methods to enhance outcomes and understand BVOCs' positive effects on agronomic development and UA expansion
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The GWP-Chart: An environmental tool for guiding urban planning processes. Application to concrete sidewalks
Full text linkThe systematized study of urban morphology has led to the development of integrated tools based on the knowledge of the relation between physical density and urban form. These tools do help planners and decision makers; however, environmental data is rarely included in them. This paper presents the GWP-Chart, a method that combines urban planning tools with environmental data, obtained through the use of the life cycle assessment (LCA) results. In order to explain its use, three urban fabrics have been selected. According to their morphology and their ground space index (GSI) and public space ratio (PSR) values, the contribution of the sidewalk subsystem to the global impact per square meter of urban development can be quantified and communicated. The GWP-Chart is applicable to all types of urban fabrics and scales (street or square, island, fabric or district), as well as adaptable to any urban infrastructure or subsystem and can be extended to other environmental impacts. Its advantages lie in its accurateness, adaptability and ease of interpretation.Fil: Oliver Solà, Jordi. Inèdit Innovació; España. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Josa, Alejandro. Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya; EspañaFil: Arena, Alejandro Pablo. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Mendoza. Grupo CLIOPE. Energía, Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Gabarrell, Xavier. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Rieradevall, Joan. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Españ
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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