1,720,981 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Mimiviridae virophages
No full textLes virophages sont des petits virus à ADN possédant une capside icosaédrique de 50-60 nm et un génome de 17 à 26 Kb codant potentiellement pour une vingtaine de gènes. Ils ont été découverts associés à des grands virus à ADN appartenant à l’ordre des Megavirales, pour lesquels leur présence serait délétère.Le premier projet du travail de thèse a été de faire le bilan des propriétés connues des virophages au travers d’une revue. La deuxième partie correspond à un bilan des avancées en matière d’isolement de virus géants dans les amibes – hôtes naturels des Mimiviridae –, pouvant être associés aux virophages. La troisième section se focalise sur la réplication des virophages Sputnik avec différents virus parmi les Mimiviridae, ainsi que sur l’isolement d’une nouvelle souche de Sputnik sans son hôte natif par l’utilisation d’un Mimiviridae en tant que virus rapporteur. La dernière partie est enfin basée sur l’identification d’un nouveau virophage – Zamilon – isolé en association avec un Mimiviridae du groupe C, et présentant une spécificité d'hôtes restreinte. Celle-ci est d'ailleurs étudiée.Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse démontrent une certaine complexité des interactions entre les virophages et leurs hôtes. Au sein d’une même famille d’hôtes, certains virophages possèdent un large spectre de spécificité, alors que d’autres ne peuvent se multiplier qu’avec certains d’entre eux, comme cela a déjà été observé chez les bactériophages. Compte-tenu de leur impact potentiel sur les virus géants, ces résultats soutiennent l’hypothèse d’une régulation des populations virales environnementales par les virophages.Virophages are small DNA viruses with a 50-60 nm width icosahedral capsid encompassing a 17 to 26 Kb genome, putatively coding approximately 20 genes. They have been discovered in association with large DNA virus belonging to the order of the Megavirales, for which they are noxious.The first project of this thesis work was to recapitulate in a review the known features of the virophages. The second part corresponds to a summary of the advances in the field of giant viruses isolation in amoebas – the common hosts of Mimiviridae –. The third section is focused on the replication of the Sputnik virophages with viruses belonging to the Mimiviridae, and on the isolation of a new Sputnik strain with a Mimiviridae reporter instead of with its natural viral host. Finally, the last part is based on the identification of a new virophage – Zamilon – isolated in combination with a group C Mimiviridae, and exhibiting a restricted spectrum of specificity. The latter is herein studied.The results described herein show the complexity of the interactions between virophages and their giant hosts viruses. Within the same host family, some virophages have a broad-range host spectrum whereas others are limited to some viruses, a feature already described for bacteriophages. Regarding the potential impact of the virophages over their host viruses, these results support the hypothesis of a virophages’ major role in a regulation of viral populations in environment
Genomic exploration of NCLDVs infecting eukaryotic plankton in the open ocean
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koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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