1,721,007 research outputs found
Measuring geographical disparity in lung cancer mortality in Apulia, Italy. Results for the 2002-2009 period
No full textIl presente lavoro mira a documentare la presenza di un eccesso di mortalità per tumore al polmone tra i maschi residenti nella parte sud-orientale della penisola salentina. L’aumento del livello di rischio per tale patologia era già stato individuato in un report del Registro Tumori Puglia (già noto come registro Tumori Jonico Salentino), ed ulteriormente analizzato da uno degli autori di questa pubblicazione, utilizzando dati di mortalità per il periodo 1992-2001. In questa sede presenteremo una analisi aggiornata basata su due distinti intervalli temporali (2002-2005 e 2006-2009). I risultati ottenuti dimostrano che l’eccesso di mortalità è tuttora presente, e che le cause di una siffatta disparità geografica rimangono ancora oscure.This paper reports on the presence of an excess mortality for lung cancer among resident males in the southeast part of the Salento peninsula. This increasead level of risk was first documented in a report of the Registro Tumori Puglia (formerly known as Registro Tumori Jonico Salentino), and further analyzed by one of the authors of this paper, using mortality data for the 1992-2001 period. Here, we present an updated analysis conducted using data over two distinct time intervals (2002-2005 and 2006- 2009). The obtained results show that the excess mortality is still present, and that the causes of such geographical disparity remain somewhat obscure
Oral manifestations after vaccinations: A systematic review of observational studies.
No full textOBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and types of oral adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) in people who received at least one dose of any type of vaccine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a bibliographic search about oral AEFIs in MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Ovid from database inception to November 07, 2022. Risk of bias was assessed using the MURAD or the Quality In Prognosis Studies tools. Random-effects proportional meta-analysis was applied.
RESULTS
A total of 119 studies involving 343 people were eligible. These reported AEFIs occurred following administration of the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine, anti-influenza vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, and anti-smallpox vaccine. The most common to be affected in vaccinated people were buccal mucosa (63.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 33.4-88.2) and lips (55.7%; 95% CI, 41.1-69.8). The most prevalent oral AEFIs were ulceration (55.2%; 95% CI 24.4-84.0), swelling (65.2%; 95% CI 34.9-89.8), and burning sensation (18.3%; 95% CI 7.9-31.8).
CONCLUSIONS
The mechanisms underlying oral AEFIs should be further investigated to promptly recognize oral manifestations and provide optimal management for people undergoing vaccination
Multiscale entropy analysis of physiological data: an application to early prediction of malignant ventricular arrythmias onset
No full textSviluppo Motorio in Età Evolutiva: Capacità Motorie, BMI e Fattori Correlati. Quali effetti di mediazione?
Full text linkSedentary habits and low levels of physical activity limit the motor skills learning, leading to the progressive reduction of the individual motor repertoire and conditioning the development of related factors. Researchin motor and sports sciences is still proceeding in a shattered way, not only because of the interdisciplinary connotations, limiting the transformation of scientific evidence into good practices. This study aims to investigatethe relationship between body mass index (BMI), motor performance and factors related to the practice of physical activity in a sample of adolescents through the study of mediation factors. The sample is composed of 60 middle school students aged 11-12 (M = 24, F = 36), selected as part of the project "Regional Observatory on Levels of Physical Activity and Motor Development", coordinated by the University of Foggia. The study included the proposal of 4 motor tests (standing long jump, medicine ball throw 2Kg, shuttle run10x5 and Mile) and three questionnaires to evaluate the following factors: levels of physical activity, enjoyment, self-perception. The results showed that the 10x5 shuttle run test is a factor of partial mediation between the BMI and the standing long jump, while the self-perception totally mediates therelationship between enjoyment and the Mile test. The small sample size does not allow for generalization and extension of the results, but it has been possible to deduce some methodological implications for the training of physical education teachers.Abitudini sedentarie e bassi livelli di attività fisica limitano l’acquisizione di competenze motorie, determinando la progressiva riduzione del repertorio motorio individuale e condizionando lo sviluppo dei fattori correlati. La ricerca nelle scienze motorie e dello sport procede ancora in modo frantumato, non solo a causa delle connotazioni interdisciplinari, limitando la trasformazione di evidenze scientifiche in buone pratiche. Il presente studio si propone di indagare la relazione tra body mass index (BMI), prestazioni motoriee fattori correlati alla pratica di attività fisica in un campione di adolescenti attraverso lo studio dei fattori di mediazione. Il campione è composto da 60 allievi della scuola media di età compresa tra 11-12 anni (M =24, F = 36), selezionato nell’ambito del progetto “Osservatorio Regionale sui Livelli di Attività Fisica e lo Sviluppo Motorio”, coordinato dall'Università degli Studi di Foggia. Lo studio ha previsto la proposta di 4 test motori (salto in lungo da fermo, lancio frontale 2Kg, navetta 10x5 e Miglio) e tre questionari per valutare i seguenti fattori: livelli di attività fisica, divertimento, self-perception. I risultati hanno evidenziato che il test navetta 10x5 è un fattore di mediazione parziale tra il BMI ed il test salto in lungo da fermo, mentre il fattore self-perception media totalmente la relazione tra divertimento ed il test del Miglio. La scarsa numerosità del campione non consente di generalizzare ed estendere i risultati, tuttavia è stato possibile desumere alcune implicazioni metodologiche utili alla formazione degli insegnanti di educazione fisica. 
Correlation between functional outcome and the SAMEO-ATO framework
Full text linkPURPOSE: To evaluate the recently proposed SAMEO-ATO framework for middle ear and mastoid surgery, by correlating it with the functional outcome in a large cohort of patients operated for middle ear and mastoid cholesteatoma in a tertiary referral center. METHODS: We retrospectively included all surgeries for middle ear and mastoid cholesteatoma undergone in our Department between January 2009 and December 2014, by excluding revision surgeries, congenital and petrous bone cholesteatoma. All surgeries were classified according to the SAMEO-ATO framework. The post-operative air bone gap (ABG) was calculated and chosen as benchmark parameter for the correlation analysis. RESULTS: 282 consecutive surgeries for middle ear and mastoid cholesteatoma were released in the study period on a total of 273 patients, with a mean age of 41.2 years. All patients were followed for an average period of 55.3 months. 54% of patients underwent M2c mastoidectomy (Canal Wall Down, CWD), while the remaining underwent Canal Wall Up (CWU) procedures, being M1b2a mastoidectomy the most common one (33%). Mean pre-operative and post-operative ABGs were 29.2 and 23.5 dB, with a significant improvement (p < 0.0001). ‘Mastoidectomy’ and ‘Ossicular reconstruction’ parameters of SAMEO-ATO showed significant association with postoperative ABG, with smaller residual gaps for the classes Mx and On, and worse hearing results for M3a and Ox. CONCLUSION: Our results show the utility of SAMEO-ATO framework, and in particular of ‘M’ (Mastoidectomy) and ‘O’ (Ossicular reconstruction) parameters, in predicting the hearing outcome
ENT surgical emergencies during the COVID-19 outbreak
Full text linkIntroduction: The restrictive measures adopted by the Italian Government during the COVID-19 outbreak caused dramatic changes in routine public health care. Surprisingly, emergency activity also registered a reduction in frequency.
Methods: This multicentre retrospective study aims to investigate eventual changes in ENT surgical emergencies in a highly populated area of southern Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data concerning the period between the February 1 and the May 31, 2020 were collected from the main three hospitals in the district and compared with the same period of 2019.
Results: A substantial reduction was found in the number of ENT emergency interventions in 2020 compared to the same period of 2019, particularly in the main lockdown phase and in the tertiary referral centre.
Conclusions: The reduction in the absolute number of emergency ENT interventions can be only partially explained by social distancing and home confinement. We have reason to believe that some of these patients may have not sought medical support due to fear of nosocomial SARS-CoV2 infection. This study could represent a trigger for further implementation of health system responses to emergencies in a period of transition that is likely to last for a prolonged period of time
Comparative Effectiveness of Switching From First-Generation Basal Insulins to Either Glargine 300 U/mL or Degludec 100 U/mL in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Results From the ISPED CARD Clinical Registry
Full text linkBackground: To assess the real-world effectiveness of switching from first-generation basal insulins (1BIs) to either glargine U300 (Gla-300) or degludec U100 (Deg-100) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D), using data from the Italian ISPED CARD clinical registry. Materials and methods: This multicenter retrospective observational study included 1063 pediatric patients with T1D from 22 diabetes centers across Italy who switched from 1BI to either Gla-300 (64.6%) or Deg-100 (35.4%) between 2021 and 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to create comparable groups (n = 353 per group). Primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c at 6 months. Secondary endpoints included fasting blood glucose (FBG), standardized body mass index (BMI/SDS), and insulin doses at 6 and 12 months. Longitudinal models for repeated measures were used to assess treatment effectiveness. Results: Both groups showed significant and clinically relevant reductions in HbA1c at 6 months from ~ 8.7% to ~ 7.4% (-1.3 percentage points), maintained at 12 months, with no significant differences between groups. FBG also decreased significantly in both groups, slightly favoring Deg-100, but without statistical significance between groups. BMI/SDS remained stable. Gla-300 was associated with a slight increase in basal insulin dose over 12 months, while Deg-100 showed a temporary reduction at 6 months. A significant reduction in short-acting insulin dose (-0.03 U/kg) was observed in both groups. Conclusion: Switching from 1BI to either Gla-300 or Deg-100 significantly improves glycemic control in pediatric T1D patients without weight gain. Although both insulins showed comparable effectiveness, differences in titration patterns highlight the need for individualized treatment strategies and improved clinician education in insulin optimization. Safety outcomes, particularly hypoglycemia, could not be assessed
Effectiveness of switching from first-generation basal insulin to Glargine 300 U/mL in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: results from the ISPED CARD database
No full textAims: Glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) has been recently approved for use in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, real-world effectiveness data are scarce, and aim of this analysis was to assess clinical outcomes in young patients with T1D switching from 1st generation basal insulin (1BI) to Gla-300. Methods: ISPED CARD is a retrospective, multicenter study, based on data anonymously extracted from Electronic Medical Records. The study involved a network of 20 pediatric diabetes centers. Data on all patients aged < 18 years with T1D switching from 1BI to Gla-300 were analyzed to assess clinical characteristics at the switch and changes after 6 and 12 months in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and standardized body mass index (BMI/SDS). Titration of basal and short-acting insulin doses was also evaluated. Results: Overall, 200 patients were identified. The mean age at the switch to Gla-300 was 13 years, and mean duration of diabetes was 3.9 years. Average HbA1c levels at switch were 8.8%. After 6 months, HbA1c levels decreased by - 0.88% (95% CI - 1.28; - 0.48; p < 0.0001). The benefit was maintained after 12 months from the switch (mean reduction of HbA1c levels - 0.80%, 95% CI - 1.25; - 0.35, p = 0.0006). Trends of reduction in FBG levels were also evidenced both at 6 months and 12 months. No significant changes in short-acting and basal insulin doses were documented. Conclusions: The study provides the first real-world evidence of the effectiveness of Gla-300 in children and adolescents with T1D previously treated with 1BI. The benefits in terms of HbA1c levels reduction were substantial, and sustained after 12 months. Additional benefits can be expected by improving the titration of insulin doses
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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