1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dal Sistema tecnico alla decrescita: Jaques Ellul e Serge Latouche
No full textIl contributo intende analizzare alcuni aspetti della teorizzazione di Jacques Ellul del Sistema tecnico sviluppata negli anni Settanta: l’autonomia, l’automatismo, il carattere totalizzante e potenzialmente totalitario e, in particolare, la nozione di progresso tecnico. Tale prospettiva filosofica viene, poi, posta in relazione con la teoria della Megamacchina formulata da Serge Latouche negli anni Novanta e, soprattutto, con la sua critica del concetto di sviluppo economico e, più in generale, della razionalità tecno-scientifica e la conseguente proposta del modello economico, sociale e culturale della ‘decrescita serena’.
The paper aims to analyze some aspects of Jacques Ellul’s theorization of Technical System, that he develops in the Seventies: the autonomy, the all-embracing and potentially totalitarian character and, in particular, the notion of technical progress. This philosophical perspective will be connected with Serge Latouches’s theory of Megamachine and, above all, with his critique of the concept of economical development and generally of the technical-scientific rationality and the resulting proposal of the economic, social and cultural model of a ‘serene decrease’
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A New Phenomenology of Nature: The Atmosphere-Philosophy of Gernot Böhme
No full textThe paper aims to interpret the proposal of the German philosopher Gernot Böhme of a new phenomenology of nature in the sense of an integration of the classical Husserlian phenomenology which, according to Böhme, had neglected the phenomenon of nature thus becoming a pure analysis of consciousness with a strong transcendental character. The starting point is the New Phenomenology of Hermann Schmitz, who affirms that phenomenon is a “giveness in bodily tracks”. Böhme emphasizes the concrete human bodily experience in the natural environment with the practical (ethical and ecological) purpose to show that humans are a part of nature. To this purpose, he goes back to the Aristotelian conception of nature and to Goethe's theory of colours. The way in which Nature influences our own feeling of being-there (Befindlichkeit) is named by Böhme atmosphere. In its peculiar ontological quality (the atmospheres are “quasi-things” and place themselves in an intermediate sphere between subject and object), the atmosphere is the new phenomenological core of the conceiving of nature. Böhme interprets the atmospheres as irradiation and evocation of spaces, things and human beings, bodily resonances of living physical, architectonical and natural environments that we can perceive through particular aesthesiological experiences. The physiognomic and expressive power of natural atmospheres, that Böhme finds especially in landscapes, represents the most peculiar character of his phenomenology of atmosphere.The paper aims to interpret the proposal of the German philosopher Gernot Böhme of a new phenomenology of nature in the sense of an integration of the classical Husserlian phenomenology which, according to Böhme, had neglected the phenomenon of nature thus becoming a pure analysis of consciousness with a strong transcendental character. The starting point is the New Phenomenology of Hermann Schmitz, who affirms that phenomenon is a “giveness in bodily tracks”. Böhme emphasizes the concrete human bodily experience in the natural environment with the practical (ethical and ecological) purpose to show that humans are a part of nature. To this purpose, he goes back to the Aristotelian conception of nature and to Goethe's theory of colours. The way in which Nature influences our own feeling of being-there (Befindlichkeit) is named by Böhme atmosphere. In its peculiar ontological quality (the atmospheres are “quasi-things” and place themselves in an intermediate sphere between subject and object), the atmosphere is the new phenomenological core of the conceiving of nature. Böhme interprets the atmospheres as irradiation and evocation of spaces, things and human beings, bodily resonances of living physical, architectonical and natural environments that we can perceive through particular aesthesiological experiences. The physiognomic and expressive power of natural atmospheres, that Böhme finds especially in landscapes, represents the most peculiar character of his phenomenology of atmosphere
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
‘Oh My Friends, There is No Friend.’ Philosophies of Friendship from Aristotle to Derrida
Get PDFThe paper analyzes the crisis of friendship understood above all as the crisis of a theoretical paradigm that, starting from the Homeric exaltation of friendship, passing through the famous Platonic dialogue, the Lysis, Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, Cicero’s De amicitia, Montaigne’s De l’amitié, and ending with Kant’s reflections on human subject, has dominated western cultural tradition. This classical model of friendship, based on reciprocity, equality, mutual recognition and decisive for a certain conception of the political, goes into crisis at the end of the 19th century and then in the 20th century with the emergence of man’s existential loneliness. Beginning with Nietzsche, and then in the philosophy of Derrida, a conception of friendship as inequality, asymmetry, disproportion emerges, which overcomes any illusion of being-together confusingly and turns to the possibility of a being-with-another that respects its irreducible difference. A concept of friendship thus takes shape, also present in some of Ernst Jünger’s reflections, alongside the traditional one, linked to estrangement and insurmountable distance that makes the very idea of friendship extremely aporetic but at the same time opens up new forms of hospitality and relations with the other
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