1,720,977 research outputs found
Social Stress in mice: gender differences and effects of estrous cycle and social dominance
No full textEffects of the housing social context on emotional behaviour and physiological correlates in female mice
No full textIn laboratory breeding procedures, mice are usually housed in single-sex unfamiliar groups since weaning, while individual housing is widely employed in many experimental settings. While there is a considerable amount of evidence on the behavioural and physiological effects of various social contexts in male mice
and rats, few data are available on female mice. We examined short-term modulation of social context in the housing environment on exploratory and emotional behaviours in response to novelty (i.e., free-exploratory open field) and on physiology (i.e. organs and body weight, and basal corticosterone level) of female CD1 mice, taking into account the estrous phase as an additional variable. Living alone or grouped with siblings
or with unfamiliar females for a short period (7 days) did not affect any physiological indexes of stress in female house mice and had marginal effects on emotional behaviour. When challenged with a free choice between a novel environment and their home cage, female mice housed with siblings did not differ on any behavioural parameter from females housed with same-aged unfamiliar mice, while individually housed
females showed higher propensity to enter the novel arena but no differences in activity or in anxiety as compared to grouped mice. Information about sex specifics under standard housing conditions as well as in response to common laboratory procedures could be important for the understanding of sex differences in vulnerability to psychiatric disorders and response to drug treatment
Effects of housing social context on emotional behavior and physiological responses in female mice
No full textIn laboratory breeding procedures, mice are usually housed in single-sex unfamiliar groups since weaning, while individual housing is widely employed in many experimental settings. While there is a considerable amount of evidence on the behavioural and physiological effects of various social contexts in male mice and rats, few data are available on female mice. We examined short-term modulation of social context in the housing environment on exploratory and emotional behaviours in response to novelty (i.e., free-exploratory open field) and on physiology (i.e. organs and body weight, and basal corticosterone level) of female CD1 mice, taking into account the estrous phase as an additional variable. Living alone or grouped with siblings or with unfamiliar females for a short period (7 days) did not affect any physiological indexes of stress in female house mice and had marginal effects on emotional behaviour. When challenged with a free choice between a novel environment and their home cage, female mice housed with siblings did not differ on any behavioural parameter from females housed with same-aged unfamiliar mice, while individually housed females showed higher propensity to enter the novel arena but no differences in activity or in anxiety as compared to grouped mice. Information about sex specifics under standard housing conditions as well as in response to common laboratory procedures could be important for the understanding of sex differences in vulnerability to psychiatric disorders and response to drug treatment
Effects of early maternal environment on offspring development, behavior and metabolism in a mouse model
No full textDifferenze sessuali e ambiente materno precoce modulano gli effetti dell’inattivazione genica su comportamento, metabolismo e riproduzione di topi KO condizionali per NPY1R
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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