1,720,989 research outputs found
Dalla carta antica al sistema informativo territoriale: evoluzione storica dell’antico canale dei mulini di Cesena
No full textOggi, il recupero dei documenti cartografici storici in ambiente digitale, la successiva l'analisi metrica e la gestione in ambiente GIS (Geographic Information System) degli stessi mediante le moderne tecniche geomatiche consentono non solo la salvaguardia di questi preziosi beni culturali dal tempo, ma anche la possibilità di effettuare un ampio spettro di ricerche e applicazioni a carattere multidisciplinare. Il presente lavoro esemplifica tale affermazione attraverso uno specifico caso di studio, la zona circostante l'ex canale dei mulini di Cesena (FC). I numerosi documenti storici raccolti (carte antiche e documenti d'archivio su un arco temporale di oltre 600 anni) sono stati fatti confluire in un GIS appositamente creato, in cui è possibile la ricerca spazio-temporale e la consultazione dei documenti inseriti, oltre che l'analisi dell'evoluzione del territorio, il tutto attraverso un'interfaccia semplice e intuitiva
A historical GIS for the comparison of past and present views: Bologna, yesterday and today
No full textDigital regeneration of ancient cartography is an interesting way to allow new chances of viewing and using its historic and geographic information, by modalities that cannot apply to analogue supports. In particular, the creation of a HGIS (Historical Geographic Information System) is a way to make ancient maps suitable for a wide range of applications, from land management to researches on landscape and urban development, from archival researches to tourism promotion.
The present study aims to demonstrate the usefulness of GIS tools to collect and link together historical maps and other archive data, e.g. drawings and photos. Some eighteenth and nine-teenth century maps of Bologna were georeferenced and used as a base for a HGIS, together with the current cartography. In order to enrich the environment with historical views of the city, the GIS was populated with a great number of historical pictures (drawings, engravings, photos, postcards), each one linked to the relative historical map by means of a hotspot (rep-resenting the viewpoint from which the picture was probably taken). Together with each his-torical picture, a current photo of the city, taken from the same point of view, can be re-trieved and visualized, in order to compare the ancient portrait of the city with its present-day appearance. This HGIS, providing a simple and interactive use, offers a new look at the an-cient and modern city, turning to be a useful tool for researchers, historians and archivists who reconstruct the evolution of the city, as well as common people interested to rediscover in a unusual way the history of Bologna
A HGIS for exploring eighteen-century manuscript gazettes of Bologna (Italy)
No full textIn Europe, from the fifteenth-sixteenth century, a frequent means for public dissemination of information
was given by manuscript news. In Bologna, a manuscript gazette, with weekly issue, circulated at least
from the second decade of the eighteenth century. It was intended for the public and reported almost
exclusively local news of various kinds, from worldly events of the nobility to crimes. This gazette,
collected by A.F. Ghiselli (1634-1730) in his Memorie antiche manoscritte di Bologna and today
preserved at the University Library of Bologna, constitutes a precious source of information for the study
of the Early Modern city.
Aim of the present study is to test the possibility to create a Historical Geographic Information System
(HGIS) for the collection, display and search of the news reported in this gazette. For a sample of gazette
issues, the news was classified according to the typology and collected in a database; therefore, they were
georeferenced on two coeval maps basing on the locations mentioned in the news themselves, having at
disposal from the maps the representation of the city with toponyms of streets and places. The same data
were displayed by means of a 3D digital model of the ancient city derived from one of the maps
Geomatics science applied to cartographic heritage and archive sources: a new way to explore the XIX century Gregorian Cadastre of Bologna (Italy), an ante-litteram 3D GIS
No full textRegeneration of cartographic heritage in a digital form offers a new opportunity of preserving and studying historical cartography. Modern digital techniques coming from Geomatics science help in metric analysis of ancient maps and, when integrated with the contribution from other disciplines, can allow specific studies otherwise unachievable. The study subject is the first establishment urban map of the nineteenth century Gregorian Cadastre of Bologna, today kept at the local State Archives. The uniqueness of this cadastral cartography is to be composed by ground-floor maps and separate maps for the single floors above and below; written documentation on land lots completes the cadastre. In the study, digital tools deriving from the integration of geomatic techniques (in particular georeferencing, GIS, 3D modelling) and archive skills are used to deeply analyze this peculiar cadastre, once converted in a digital form and metrically processed. For some test areas, a comparative consultation of the graphical information stored in the georeferenced maps, and the written one in the related cadastral registers is performed; this allows rigorous 3D digital reconstructions of the cadastral properties, and a new thematic visualization. This modern kind of representation turns to be a powerful and expressive tool to deeply analyze the complex nineteenth century arrangement of the city, highlighting some interesting aspects which otherwise would remain invisible. Furthermore, the tool allows users to get information about the Gregorian Cadastre in a simpler way than searching the original documents; this way, moreover, avoiding any damage of the delicate ancient maps
Geomatic and archival sciences applied to the Gregorian Cadastre of Bologna (Italy) for analysis and representation of the XIX century urban arrangement
No full textThe research focuses on the first establishment urban map of the nineteenth century Gregorian Cadastre of Bologna, kept today at the State Archives of the city. In this cadastral cartography the city is divided into some sectors; for each sector – unique case in the Gregorian Cadastre of the ancient Papal State – there are ground floor maps and maps for the floors above and below. The present study aims to analyse this peculiar cadastre using digital tools deriving from the integration of geomatic and archival skills. For some test-areas, a careful comparative consultation of the graphical information stored in the georeferenced maps and the writ-ten one in the related cadastral registers is performed; this allows 3D digital reconstruc-tions of the horizontal and vertical extent of the cadastral proprieties, and also thematic visualizations (e.g. according to owners, designed use, rent, etc.). This modern kind of representation allows a deep analysis of the complex nineteenth century arrangement of Bologna – still preserved in the ancient Gregorian Cadastre of the city –, highlighting some interesting aspects which otherwise would remain invisible. Thus, it turns to be a powerful tool of analysis for historians and city planners
GIS e cartografia storica per lo studio di un grande terremoto del passato
No full textLa conoscenza della storia sismica di un’area è fondamentale per le valutazioni di pericolosità
sismica del territorio e per migliorare la comunicazione del rischio verso i cittadini.
Nel presente studio si sperimentata una modalità innovativa di comunicazione del rischio,
sfruttando come caso il grande terremoto che ha colpito l’Appennino romagnolo nel 1661 (Mw 6).
L’obiettivo è mettere a punto un sistema semplice e replicabile, di forte impatto comunicativo, per
sistematizzare le diverse tipologie di informazioni raccolte su questo evento, attraverso la creazione
di un HGIS (Historical Geographic Information System) basato sulla carta del Magini del 1620,
ritraente l’Appennino romagnolo e il territorio di dominio fiorentino
Valorizzazione di cartografia storica attraverso moderne tecniche geomatiche: recupero metrico, elaborazione e consultazione in ambiente digitale
No full text“Cartographic heritage” is different from “cartographic history”. The second term refers to the study of the development of surveying and drawing techniques related to maps, through time, i.e. through different types of cultural environment which were background for the creation of maps. The first term concerns the whole amount of ancient maps, together with these different types of cultural environment, which the history has brought us and which we perceive as cultural values to be preserved and made available to many users (public, institutions, experts).
Unfortunately, ancient maps often suffer preservation problems of their analog support, mostly due to aging. Today, metric recovery in digital form and digital processing of historical cartography allow preserving map heritage. Moreover, modern geomatic techniques give us new chances of using historical information, which would be unachievable on analog supports.
In this PhD thesis, the whole digital processing of recovery and elaboration of ancient cartography is reported, with a special emphasis on the use of digital tools in preservation and elaboration of cartographic heritage. It is possible to divide the workflow into three main steps, that reflect the chapter structure of the thesis itself:
• map acquisition: conversion of the ancient map support from analog to digital, by means of high resolution scanning or 3D surveying (digital photogrammetry or laser scanning techniques); this process must be performed carefully, with special instruments, in order to reduce deformation as much as possible;
• map georeferencing: reproducing in the digital image the native metric content of the map, or even improving it by selecting a large number of still existing ground control points; this way it is possible to understand the projection features of the historical map, as well as to evaluate and represent the degree of deformation induced by the old type of cartographic transformation (that can be unknown to us), by surveying errors or by support deformation, usually all errors of too high value with respect to our standards;
• data elaboration and management in a digital environment, by means of modern software tools: vectorization, giving the map a new and more attractive graphic view (for instance, by creating a 3D model), superimposing it on current base maps, comparing it to other maps, and finally inserting it in GIS or WebGIS environment as a specific layer.
The study is supported by some case histories, each of them interesting from the point of view of one digital cartographic elaboration step at least. The ancient maps taken into account are the following ones:
• three maps of the Po river delta, made at the end of the XVI century by a famous land-surveyor, Ottavio Fabri (he is single author in the first map, co-author with Gerolamo Pontara in the second map, co-author with Bonajuto Lorini and others in the third map), who wrote a methodological textbook where he explains a new topographical instrument, the squadra mobile (mobile square) invented and used by himself; today all maps are preserved in the State Archive of Venice;
• the Ichnoscenografia of Bologna by Filippo de’ Gnudi, made in the 1702 and today preserved in the Archiginnasio Library of Bologna; it is a scenographic view of the city, captured in a bird’s eye flight, but also with an icnographic value, as the author himself declares;
• the map of Bologna by the periti Gregorio Monari and Antonio Laghi, the first map of the city derived from a systematic survey, even though it was made only ten years later (1711–1712) than the map by de’ Gnudi; in this map the scenographic view was abandoned, in favor of a more correct representation by means of orthogonal projection; today the map is preserved in the State Archive of Bologna;
• the Gregorian Cadastre of Bologna, made in 1831 and updated until 1927, now preserved in the State Archive of Bologna; it is composed by 140 maps and 12 brogliardi (register volumes).
In particular, the three maps of the Po river delta and the Cadastre were studied with respect to their acquisition procedure. Moreover, the first maps were analyzed from the georeferencing point of view, and the Cadastre was analyzed with respect to a possible GIS insertion. Finally, the Ichnoscenografia was used to illustrate a possible application of digital elaboration, such as 3D modeling.
Last but not least, we must not forget that the study of an ancient map should start, whenever possible, from the consultation of the precious original analogical document; analysis by means of current digital techniques allow us new research opportunities in a rich and modern multidisciplinary context
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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