1,721,209 research outputs found
Learning and evolution of altruistic preferences in the Centipede Game
No full textSeveral studies show that evolution favors non-selfish preferences only if preference types are observable. We present a new evolutionary scenario applied to the Centipede Game, where we adopt self-confirming equilibrium to capture behavior. We show that altruism may be evolutionarily successful even if preferences are unobservable
Preferences-dependent learning in the centipede game: The persistence of mistrust
No full textA candidate explanation for the persistence of heterogeneous behavior in a sequential social dilemma played many times is the existence of heterogeneous preferences. Preferences-dependent conjectures about opponents’ behavior are an additional source of heterogeneity. By behaving differently, different preference types acquire different information. Thus, when observing only outcomes of own past interactions heterogeneous and possibly wrong conjectures about opponents’ strategies may endogenously arise and persist. In a Centipede game experiment played for forty rounds, we manipulate the type of ex post information and the method of play. We find that, when the game is played in its reduced normal form and subjects have only access to personal statistics, heterogeneity of behavior across preference types persists in the long run. In this case, behavior resembles a self-confirming equilibrium: selfish subjects take at earlier nodes due to an unjustified lack of trust. When subjects have also access to public statistics, heterogeneity disappears: selfish subjects tend to pass more often and play moves towards Bayes Nash equilibrium
OXIDE BASED MATERIALS. NEW SOURCES, NOVEL PHASES, NEW APPLICATIONS
No full textThe International Workshop "New sources, novel phases, new applications", the third of the series on "Oxide based materials", was held September 13 to 16, 2004 at Societ̀ del Casino Sociale in Como, Italy. The workshop brought together experimental and theoretical scientists of different origins and expertise to exchange information on common scientific research fields, especially on all those materials whose features and properties depend on the interaction between surface and ionic and/or molecular species. Knowledge of familiar materials was compared and experiences shared on a varied range of different materials, often new materials, including metal oxides, zeolites and other microporous compounds, mesoporous silicates and silica, hybrid inorganic-organic compounds, soil aggregates, layered materials, and bioactive glasses. * Brings together experimental and theoretical information * Provides information on new oxide-based materials with applications in catalysis, pollution control and nanoengineering * Contributions from experts in the field.The International Workshop "New sources, novel phases, new applications", the third of the series on "Oxide based materials", was held September 13 to 16, 2004 at Societ̀ del Casino Sociale in Como, Italy. The workshop brought together experimental and theoretical scientists of different origins and expertise to exchange information on common scientific research fields, especially on all those materials whose features and properties depend on the interaction between surface and ionic and/or molecular species. Knowledge of familiar materials was compared and experiences shared on a varied range of different materials, often new materials, including metal oxides, zeolites and other microporous compounds, mesoporous silicates and silica, hybrid inorganic-organic compounds, soil aggregates, layered materials, and bioactive glasses. * Brings together experimental and theoretical information * Provides information on new oxide-based materials with applications in catalysis, pollution control and nanoengineering * Contributions from experts in the field.Selected contents -- Phase transformations and structural modifications induced by heating in microporous materials. -- The synthesis, characterization and use of metal niobates as catalysts for propane oxidehydrogenation. -- Data processing of cation exchange equilibria in zeolites: a modified approach. -- Cyclohexane photocatalytic oxidative dehydrogenation to benzene on sulphated -- titania supported MoOx. -- Spectroscopic characterization of Fe-BEA zeolite. -- Synthesis of porous catalysts for Beckmann rearrangement of oximes. -- Templated and non-templated routes to mesoporous TiO2. -- Immobilization of Lipase on microporous and mesoporous materials:studies of the support surfaces. -- An EPR study of the surface reactivity of CaO and a comparison with that of MgO. -- The role of surfaces in hydrogen. -- Characterization of nanosized gold, silver and copper catalysts supported -- on ceria. -- Conjugated molecules in nanochannels: nanoengineering for optoelectronics. -- Removal of cadmium, zinc, copper and lead by red mud, an iron oxides containing -- hydrometallurgical waste.Conference proceedings.Includes bibliographical references and author index.Print version record.Elsevie
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Electronic spectra of Ti(IV) in zeolites: an ab initio approach
No full textCharge transfer in Ti–zeolites: Model titanium–zeolites containing a single Ti(IV) tetrahedral species were built and their electronic excitation spectra were calculated (see picture) via time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). A multiple-band profile was obtained in each case, thus highlighting that the features observed in the UV/Vis spectra are not a direct evidence of chemically different Ti(IV) sites
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