876 research outputs found
Micro-imaging in forensic medicine
No full textMicro-radiology has a spatial resolution of a few microns and may be considered the bridge that connects diagnostic imaging and histopathology. The main advantages of micro-radiology techniques, such as micro-computed tomography, micro-magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound microscopy are that there is no need for optical transparency in the specimen and imaging is non-destructive. Despite remaining an emerging technology, their use in forensic medicine is growing because they permit the detection of tiny fractures or dislocations of bones, teeth or calcified tissues, the virtual analysis of the micro-architecture of nervous, pulmonary or cardiac tissues, and the 3D reconstruction of the spatial distribution of foreign bodies with a density higher than 1000 HU on the surface or inside biological specimens. In this overview, the prominent areas of practice of micro-imaging methods in the fields of forensic pathology, anthropology and ballistics are illustrated. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2017
Role of preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction in depressed skull fractures treated with craniectomy: a case report of forensic interest.
No full textFatal Splenic Rupture Following Heimlich Maneuver Case Report and Literature Review
No full textThe most effective resuscitative procedure in choking by foreign bodies is the Heimlich maneuver, described for the first time by Henry Heimlich (1974) and recognized by the US Surgeon General (1985) as the "only method that should be used for the treatment of choking from foreign body airway obstruction.'' If performed correctly, this lifesaving maneuver is associated with rare complications, of which the most frequent are rib fractures and gastric or esophagus perforations. Other rare traumatic injuries such as pneumomediastinum, aortic valve cusp rupture, diaphragmatic herniation, jejunum perforation, hepatic rupture, or mesenteric laceration have been described. However, we are unaware of previous reports of splenic rupture after Heimlich maneuver. We present an interesting case of fatal hemoperitoneum due to a hilar laceration of the spleen following a correctly performed Heimlich maneuver
Fibrous hamartoma of Infancy: An Italian multi-istitutional experience.
No full textFibrous hamartoma of infancy: an Italian multi-institutional experience.
Carretto E, Dall'Igna P, Alaggio R, Siracusa F, Granata C, Ferrari A, Cecchetto G.
Source
Division of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Paediatrics, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Fibrous hamartoma (FH) of infancy is a benign mesenchymal tumor, occurring as a superficial mass. Complete excision is curative.
OBJECTIVE AND METHODS:
The clinical features and treatment results of 18 children with FH are described.
RESULTS:
Local excision was the most common procedure. Surgery was radical in 10 patients, with microscopic residual disease in 6; all of them are alive with no evidence of disease 2 to 49 months after diagnosis. One patient, treated with a local reexcision for macroscopic residual disease (and chemotherapy for a synchronous desmoid fibromatosis) is well 83 months after diagnosis; the last patient, with a lesion of the labia majora, only underwent biopsy and is doing well, awaiting plastic surgery.
LIMITATIONS:
The results did not reach statistical significance due to difficulties in collecting cases.
CONCLUSIONS:
FH should be treated by complete excision; in our experience a nonradical excision was also able to achieve the cure. An aggressive approach should be avoided, as the overall prognosis is excellent.
PMID:
16635660
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
La genèse d’une culture locale d’entreprise au Nord-Est de l’Italie
No full textEver since the paradigm of “local development” has attained a central position within the regional sciences, the issue of suitable conditions for encouraging the endogenous formation of an entrepreneurial culture has become crucial. These conditions are believed to depend on the presence of a system of values, knowledge and conventions which is favourable to enhancement of an individual spirit of initiative, cooperation inside the local milieu and competition with the outside world: at the same time there must be an institutional system which is geared to encourage fitting individual customs and behaviours.
This book reconstructs the process by which an entrepreneurial culture has risen within a very confined countryside reality, the village of Bessica, in the heart of the Veneto (Italy). Although it remained at the margin of the regional industrialisation process of the 1960s, the village has been the protagonist of a quite original economic development. The marginal situation to which it was initially confined, along with the delay and the peculiarity of its developmental path, offer an exceptional opportunity to examine, in a quasi in vitro situation, the rise and development of a fiercely successful local entrepreneurial community
Appropriatezza dei controlli ufficiali condotti ai sensi del Reg. (Ce) n. 854/2004 : Proposta operativa per la valutazione di adeguatezza e produttività delle risorse umane impiegate nei servizi di igiene degli alimenti di origine animale delle ASL
No full textThe article wants to provide the Italian ASL Departments of Veterinary Prevention, relating to
"Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin" (area B), an operational tool, based on objective data, in order
to ensure compliance with the provisions of EC Regulation No. 854/2004 on the adequacy of
human resources and staffing of official control activities, with particular reference to inspection
in slaughterhouses
La costruzione sociale dello spirito d’impresa. Lezioni tratte da una vicenda di sviluppo locale
No full textLa comunicazione espone i risultati di una ricerca condotta su un caso di sviluppo endogeno del Veneto, particolarmente circoscritto sotto il profilo spaziale e singolare, quanto ad attività intrapresa. La ricerca si è proposta di indagare sulle condizioni che hanno favorito l'innesco e il successo dell'iniziativa e, in particolare, sugli elementi di natura storica e culturale che hanno portato alla formazione di uno spirito di intrapresa particolarmente spiccato.
I risultati, da un lato confermano sia la tesi secondo cui lo sviluppo endogeno è favorito dalla presenza di reti di impegno civico (Putnam, 1993), sia quella secondo cui la pattuglia degli imprenditori pionieri appartiene all'élite locale (Mills, 1945), la quale, in ambiente agricolo, è solitamente costituita dal ceto dei mezzadri (Bagnasco, Trigiglia, 1984; Paci, 1999). D'altro canto, se ne discostano, in quanto le capacità imprenditoriali risultano essersi originariamente formate nell'arena dell'azione comunitaria e non, come viene generalmente suggerito, nell'ambito dell'azione individuale e in particolare, ancora in ambiente agricolo, nella conduzione delle rispettive aziende. Infine, la marginalità socio-spaziale si conferma come una condizione favorevole per formarsi di comportamenti trasgressivo/innovativi, precursori dello spirito imprenditoriale (Pagani, 1964; Stallybrass, White, 1986), ma a patto, ancora una volta, che essi si esercitino sul piano dell'azione collettiva
Role of Preoperative 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Reconstruction in Depressed Skull Fractures Treated With Craniectomy A Case Report of Forensic Interest
No full textPatients affected by cranial trauma with depressed skull fractures and increased intracranial pressure generally undergo neurosurgical intervention. Because craniotomy and craniectomy remove skull fragments and generate new fracture lines, they complicate forensic examination and sometimes prevent a clear identification of skull fracture etiology. A 3-dimensional reconstruction based on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans, giving a picture of the injuries before surgical intervention, can help the forensic examiner in identifying skull fracture origin and the means of production. We report the case of a 41-year-old-man presenting at the emergency department with a depressed skull fracture at the vertex and bilateral subdural hemorrhage. The patient underwent 2 neurosurgical interventions (craniotomy and craniectomy) but died after 40 days of hospitalization in an intensive care unit. At autopsy, the absence of various bone fragments did not allow us to establish if the skull had been stricken by a blunt object or had hit the ground with high kinetic energy. To analyze bone injuries before craniectomy, a 3-dimensional CT reconstruction based on preoperative scans was performed. A comparative analysis between autoptic and radiological data allowed us to differentiate surgical from traumatic injuries. Moreover, based on the shape and size of the depressed skull fracture (measured from the CT reformations), we inferred that the man had been stricken by a cylindric blunt object with a diameter of about 3 cm
Fatal Drowning Accident and Undiagnosed Hydrocephalus
No full textBodies found in water present several diagnostic challenges for the forensic examiner, such as the identification of the time and mechanism of death, the postmortem submersion time, and above all the circumstances of drowning. We report the case of a 33-year-old security guard found dead in Venice, in the water of the lagoon, who at autopsy presented a previously undiagnosed hydrocephalus with macrocephaly. The victim remained asymptomatic until 2 months before death and had never undergone a neurological or radiological examination. In the article, we emphasize the need to perform a thorough autopsy in all suspected drownings, discuss the etiopathogenesis of the neurological disease and hypothesize a possible relationship between the hydrocephalus and the drowning accident. Finally, we discuss the major clinical and forensic implications of macrocephaly and hydrocephalus in adults
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