10 research outputs found
Langmuir adsorption isotherm analysis on the addition of Myrmecodia Pendans extract as a corrosion inhibitor with a variety of corrosive media
No full textEvaluasi Hasil Pelaksanaan Program Pemberdayaan Sistem Kewaspadaan Pangan Dan Gizi (Skpg) Dan Penanganan Daerah Rawan Pangan Di Kecamatan Godong Kabupaten Grobogan
Get PDFThe food insecurity problem is a complex issue because it does not only concern about the availability of food itself. Adequate food supply does not automatically indicate the conditions of food security at individual and household level. This study aims to explain the results of implementation of empowerment program of Food and Nutrition Vigilance System (SKPG) and Food Insecurity Handling at Godong District Regency of Grobogan as well as finding out the challenges and bottlenecks during the implementation of the program. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative method. In this study, the author use William Dunn's six criteria of evaluation: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equalization, responsiveness, and accuracy. The author found out that the program cannot be run optimally because the implementation program without need assessment. The program also did not meet the criteria of adequacy because the results of the program have not been able to solve the food insecurity problem, which proven by the increasing number of pre-prosperous family as much as 11.33% in 2015. Achieving equalization is yet not optimal indicated by minimal participation of groups inactivities carried out by BKP Grobogan. On the criteria of responsiveness, the program is not yet well assessed, which the needs of the target groups are not in accordance with the requirements. The accuracy of this program is also seen minimal because the target groups which are expected to have side business apparently not all of them has one
Pemberdayaan Sumber Daya Hayati Tanah Mendukung Pengembangan Pertanian Ramah Lingkungan
Get PDFPemberdayaan sumber daya biotik maupun abiotik tanah dapatmeningkatkan efisiensi sistem produksi pertanian. Sumber dayabiotik tanah meliputi flora dan fauna tanah. Pengelolaan sumberdaya biotik tanah dengan mengurangi asupan dari luar dapatmencegah Perubahan ekosistem yang ekstrem. Dalam rangkamelestarikan sistem produksi yang mandiri dan ramah lingkungan,penetapan parameter lingkungan harus jelas dan terukur denganmemerhatikan produktivitas yang akan dicapai dan konservasisumber daya. Penggunaan lahan harus sesuai daya dukungnya,neraca hara seimbang, mencegah erosi tanah pada level di bawahtolerable soil loss, dan menekan emisi CO2 di bawah ambang batastoleransi. Pengendalian hama dan penyakit dilakukan secara hayatisehingga mencegah cemaran polutan pada produk maupun hasilsamping di bawah ambang batas. Selain itu, pelaku daur ekosistemtanah lengkap (produsen, konsumen, dan pengurai) dan tidak terjadigangguan lingkungan. Populasi fauna tanah yang terancam akibatsistem pertanian intensif perlu dipulihkan dengan memberikanbahan organik sebagai sumber hara dan energi, sehingga dapatberperan dalam konservasi bahan organik tanah dan memperbaikisifat fisik tanah. Penggunaan pupuk anorganik, organik, dan hayatisecara terpadu, menghindari pestisida sintetis, dan adanya cacing tanahendogaesis merupakan indikator pertanian ramah lingkungan
PEMBERDAYAAN SUMBER DAYA HAYATI TANAH MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Get PDFPemberdayaan sumber daya biotik maupun abiotik tanah dapatmeningkatkan efisiensi sistem produksi pertanian. Sumber dayabiotik tanah meliputi flora dan fauna tanah. Pengelolaan sumberdaya biotik tanah dengan mengurangi asupan dari luar dapatmencegah perubahan ekosistem yang ekstrem. Dalam rangkamelestarikan sistem produksi yang mandiri dan ramah lingkungan,penetapan parameter lingkungan harus jelas dan terukur denganmemerhatikan produktivitas yang akan dicapai dan konservasisumber daya. Penggunaan lahan harus sesuai daya dukungnya,neraca hara seimbang, mencegah erosi tanah pada level di bawahtolerable soil loss, dan menekan emisi CO2 di bawah ambang batastoleransi. Pengendalian hama dan penyakit dilakukan secara hayatisehingga mencegah cemaran polutan pada produk maupun hasilsamping di bawah ambang batas. Selain itu, pelaku daur ekosistemtanah lengkap (produsen, konsumen, dan pengurai) dan tidak terjadigangguan lingkungan. Populasi fauna tanah yang terancam akibatsistem pertanian intensif perlu dipulihkan dengan memberikanbahan organik sebagai sumber hara dan energi, sehingga dapatberperan dalam konservasi bahan organik tanah dan memperbaikisifat fisik tanah. Penggunaan pupuk anorganik, organik, dan hayatisecara terpadu, menghindari pestisida sintetis, dan adanya cacing tanahendogaesis merupakan indikator pertanian ramah lingkungan
Manajemen Pengelolaan Dana Bagi Hasil Cukai Hasil Tembakau Di Kabupaten Kudus
Get PDFKudus regency as one of the biggest cigarette's tax producing in Indonesia. Based on that statement, so Kudus regency government arrange policy of governor's rule No 4 2013 about guidelines for the management funds for tax results and tobacco's result in Kudus regency. With the presence of its management, it is expected can help to decrease amount of destitution, unemployment, and increase economic development in Kudus Regency. The purpose of this study is to know how the system of management and how management of guidelines for the management funds for tax results and tobacco's result in Kudus regency. Which to answer about the purpose and problems in this study is by using governor's policy No 4 2013 as reference of management system and management theory by George R Terry in describing guidelines for the management funds for tax results and tobacco's result in Kudus regency. The method used in this study is qualitative method by the study's object are BAPPEDA, SEKDA and Dinas Perinkop and UMKM as SKPD of guidelines for the management funds for tax results and tobacco's result in Kudus regency. The result of this study showed that in the implementation based on governor's policy No 4 2013. In program that is funded by guidelines for the management funds for tax results and tobacco's result both physical and non-physical give big effect to mid- low economy's public in Kudus regency. In its implementation is still met problem, so that the result is far of the target. The problem is like limitedness of human resource in several SKPD. This case can be seen from the activity that is not spread all over yet in Kudus regency and the performance accomplishment that is not spread all over carried out yet
Productivity Improvement of Sandy Soil Intensively Lowland Rice by Row Inserted Planting System
Get PDFThe research to increase rice planting index by row inserted planting system was conducted in sandy-loam soil of intensively lowland rice in Berbah, Yogyakarta. Yield at the initial/first rice planting was determined by N, P, and K fertilizer application, whereas inserted/second plant was determined by percentage of shadding from initial plant. The second planting (inserted at 20 days after first planting) yielded only ±50% compared to that of the first planting. Of three rice varieties studied, IR-64 had the lowest yield at the first planting, but by inserting this variety at the second planting it produced higher yield than those of Ciherang and Cimelati. The shorter plant height varieties, have a high potential to be developed into the inserted planting system. Improvement of plant distance to reduce shadding less than 50% is important to support the second plant growth. The selection of rice varieties for the first planting and the second planting should consider the potential competition of plant from sunlight and soil nutrients. The results suggest that planting time of the second planting (insertion) should consider the availability of water and shadding potential for plant at the second planting
Land Suitability Study in Ultisols for Soybean Based on Soil Fauna
Get PDFEvaluation of land suitability for soybean by involving the presence and biodiversity of soil fauna has been conducted. The research was done on thecenter of soybean plantations in Ultisols soils in Banten, Lampung, and Lahat (south Sumatera) Provinces. The objective of research was to determine the interaction between soil fauna diversity in Ultisols soil and productivity of soybean. The research used a Survey Method. Every location was divided into three categories of vegetation performance, such as, less vegetation, average vegetation, and very fertile vegetation with two replicates. The chemical, physical, and biological properties of soils from every unit sampling were analyzed. The results showed that nutrient and chemical properties of soil which directly influenced the growth and production of soybean was P-potential, P-available, K-available, B (Boron), Ca and pH; the physical properties were pores drainage, pores rapid drainage, soil water content, and soil permeability. The presence of earthworm did not have direct effect to soybean, except as the 3th between variables, meaning that the presence of earthworms affected soil physical properties, soil physical properties affected nutrient availability, nutrient availability affected the biomass and yield of soybean.Keywords: Earthworm, land suitability, soil fauna, soybeans, Ultisol [How to Cite: Anwar EK, R Nurlaily, Sarmah and J Purwani. 2013. Land Suitability Study in Ultisols for Soybean Based on Soil Fauna. J Trop Soils 18 (3): 231-239. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.231][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.93]REFERENCESAlexander M. 1977. Introduction of Soil Microbiology. John Wiley and Sons, New York-Chichester-Brisbane-Toronto-Singapore, 467 p.Anwar EK. 2007. Pengaruh Inokulan Cacing Tanah dan Pemberian Bahan Organik terhadap Kesuburan dan Produktivitas Tanah Ultisols. J Trop Soils 12: 121-130 (in Indonesian).Anwar EK, RDM Simanungkalit, E Santoso and Sukristiyobubowo. 2010. Population density and distribution in wetland earthworm organic farming systems, semi organic and conventional. Biota, J Biol Sci 15: 113-117.Ayuke FO,L Brussard, BVanlauwe, J Six, DK Lelei, CN Kibunja and MM Pulleman. 2011. Soil fertility management: Impacts on soil macrofauna, soil aggregation and soil organic matter allocation. Appl Soil Ecol 48: 53-62.Balai Penelitian Tanah. 2005. Petunjuk Tekniks Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air, dan Pupuk. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian. Bogor, 136 p. (in Indonesian).Dayan A, 1979. Introduction Methods Statistik. Jilid I, LP3ES, Jakarta (in Indonesian).Djaenudin D, H Marwan, H Subagjo and A Hidayat. 2003. Technical Guidelines for Agricultural Land Evaluation. Research Institute for Soil, Puslitbangtanak, Agricultural Research Agency, 154p.Djaenudin D, H Marwan, H Subagyo, A Mulyani and N Suharta. 2003a. Kriteria Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Komoditas Pertanian. Versi 3. Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat, Bogor (in Indonesian)Drapper N and H Smith 1976. Applied Regression Analysis, Second Edition. WileyIntersciencea division of John Wiley & Sons. Inc. 605 Third Avenue, New York N.10158Edwards CA and JR Lofty. 1977. Biology of Earthworms. A Boo Halsted Press, John Wiley & Sons, New York. 333 p.Giller KE, MH Beare, P Lavelle, AMB Izac and MJ Swift. 1997. Agricultural Intensification, Soil Biodiversity, and agroecosystem function. Appl Soil Ecol 6: 3-16.ICALRRD [Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development]. 2006. Soil Physical Properties and Methods of analysis. Agency for Agricultural Research and Development Department of Agriculture. 282p.ICALRRD [Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development]. 2007. Soil Biology Analysi Methods. Agency for Agricultural Research and Development Department of Agriculture. Kilowasid MLH, TS Syamsudin, FX Susilo and E Sulistyawati. 2012. Ecological Diversity of Soil Fauna as Ecosystem Engineers in Small-Holder Cocoa Plantation in South Konawe. J Trop Soils 17: 173-180.Lal R. 1995. Sustainable Management of Soil Resources in the humic Tropics. United Nations University Press, Tokio-New York-Paris, pp. 25-29.Rao S. 1994. Soil microorganisms and plant growth. Publisher University of Indonesia, 354 p.Soil Survey Staff. 1998. Keys to Soil Taxonomy. 8th Edition. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Washington DCSubowo G, I Anas, G Djajakirana, A Abdurachman and S Hardjowigeno. 2002. Pemanfaatan cacing tanah untuk meningkatkan produktivitas Ultisols lahan kering. J Tanah Iklim 20: 35-46 (in Indonesian).Subowo G. 2010. Peranan biologi tanah dalam evaluasi kesesuaian lahan pertanian kawasan mega diversity tropika basah. Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Badan Litbang Pertanian. J Sumberdaya Lahan 4: 93-102 (in Indonesian).Subowo G. 2011. Penambangan Sistem Terbuka Ramah Lingkungan dan Upaya Reklamasi Pasca Tambang untuk Memperbaiki Kualitas Sumberdaya Lahan dan Hayati Tanah. J Sumberdaya Lahan 5: 83-94 (in Indonesian).Zangarle A, A Pando and P Lavelle. 2011. Do earthworms and roots cooperate to build soil macroaggregates? Geoderma 167-168: 303 -309
Pengaruh Blotong Tebu dan Rhizobium pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.)
No full textKacang tanah salah satu tanaman legum yang sudah dikenal dan dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Menurut BPS (2016) produktivitas kacang tanah pada tahun 2011 hingga tahun 2015 secara berturut-turut yaitu 1,28 ton ha-1, 1,27 ton ha-1, 1,35 ton ha-1, 1,27 ton ha-1 dan 1,33 ton ha-1. Berdasarkan data tersebut, produktivitas kacang tanah di Indonesia tergolong masih rendah dibandingkan dengan potensi hasil kacang tanah yang mencapai 3,8 ton ha-1. Salah satu penyebab rendahnya produktivitas kacang tanah adalah penggunaan pupuk anorganik secara terus menerus. Penggunaan pupuk anorganik secara terus menerus akan menyebabkan kesuburan tanah rendah. Pupuk organik mampu menjadi solusi dalam mengurangi aplikasi pupuk anorganik. Pupuk organik mengandung bahan organik yang berfungsi untuk memperbaiki sifat fisik, biologi, dan kimia tanah. Menurut Subowo (2010) bahan organik mempunyai peran penting sebagai pemicu kesuburan tanah, baik sebagai pemasok hara maupun sebagai sumber energi bagi mikroorganisme tanah. Semakin banyak bahan organik maka aktivitas mikroorgaisme tanah akan semakin meningkat. Meningkatnya aktivitas biologi tanah akan mendorong terjadinya perbaikan kesuburan tanah. Blotong tebu merupakan bahan organik yang mampu meningkatkan kesuburan tanah sehingga berpotensi dijadikan pupuk organik.. Tanah yang subur akan memudahkan rhizobium dalam menginfeksi akar tanaman dan pembentukan bintil akar, sehingga N yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman kacang tanah dapat tersedia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh blotong tebu dan rhizobium pada pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang tanah dan hipotesisnya adalah Penggunaan blotong tebu jika ditingkatkan dapat mengurangi kebutuhan rhizobium pada lahan kacang tanah.
Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Ampeldento, Kecamatan Karangploso, Malang pada bulan Mei 2018 sampai bulan Agustus 2018. Lokasi penelitian berada pada ketinggian 615 mdpl, suhu rata-rata 23,7 ˚C. Metode yang digunakan ialah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama ialah dosis blotong tebu (B0 = tanpa blotong, B1= blotong 20 t ha-1, B2= blotong 30 t ha-1) dan faktor kedua ialah legin yang mengandung rhizobium (L0= tanpa rhizobium, L1= rhizobium 5 g kg-1, L2= rhizobium 10 g kg-1, L3= rhizobium 15 g kg-1). Pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah bunga, jumlah bintil akar, jumlah ginofor, luas daun, bobot kering total tanaman, indeks luas daun, dan laju pertumbuhan tanaman. Pengamatan hasil yaitu jumlah polong per tanaman, jumlah polong cipo, bobot polong kering matahari, hasil panen per hektar, dan bobot 100 biji. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji F pada taraf 5% apabila terdapat pengaruh yang berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf uji 5 % untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan diantara perlakuan.
Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pada pengamatan bintil akar umur 35 hst, luas daun umur 35 hst, jumlah polong isi pertanaman, hasil panen per hektar, dan bobot 100 biji terdapat interaksi nyata antara perlakuan pupuk blotong
dan rhizobium. Penggunaan dosis pupuk blotong 20 ton ha-1 dan dosis rhizobium 15 g kg-1 memberikan hasil panen/hektar 2,31 ton ha-1, penggunaan dosis pupuk blotong 30 ton ha-1 dan dosis rhizobium 5 g kg-1 memberikan hasil panen/hektar 1,93 t ha-1. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk blotong mampu menurunkan dosis rhizobium
Dampak Kebakaran Lahan Terhadap Kesuburan Fisik, Kimia, Dan Biologi Tanah Serta Alternatif Penanggulangan Dan Pemanfaatannya
Get PDFAbstrak. Makalah membahas dampak kebakaran lahan terhadap kesuburan tanah yang meliputi sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah. Kebakaran lahan pada awalnya akan menurunkan kenekaragaman hayati tanah, kandungan bahan organik tanah dan selanjutnya dalam jangka pendek mampu meningkatkan pH tanah, meningkatkan N-NH4+, fosfor tersedia, Na+, K+ dan Mg2+, menurunkan KTK, dan Ca2+ dan populasi biologi tanah. Sifat tanah yang paling peka terhadap kebakaran lahan adalah sifat biologi tanah termasuk hama-penyakit bawaan tanah yang hidup di permukaan tanah. Pembakaran lahan sengaja hendaknya diarahkan pada lahan yang potensial untuk pengembangan pertanian, namun memiliki endemi serangan hama-penyakit bawaan tanah. Pemanfaatan lahan pasca kebakaran dapat dilakukan dengan pencegahan terjadinya erosi oleh air hujan, pemberian bahan organik yang tidak mengandung hama-penyakit tanaman; pilihan komoditas dari jenis tanaman sederhana yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan cepat tumbuh. Aplikasi pupuk hayati dapat dilakukan secara maksimal, baik jenis/fungsi, jumlah maupun penempatannya dengan diikuti pemberian bahan organik secukupnya. Seluruh organisme fungsional yang dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik maupun kimia/hara dapat diaplikasikan dengan tetap memperhatikan pencegahan adanya kontaminasi hama-penyakit bawaan tanah.Abstract. The paper discussed the impact of fires on soil fertility including soil physical, chemical, and biological aspects. Fires initially lowered soil biodiversity, organic matter content and further in the short term increased soil pH, N-NH4+, available phosphorus, Na+, K+ and Mg2+, but decreased CEC, Ca2+, and biological population of the soil. The most susceptible soil properties were soil biological properties and soil pest-borne disease living on the soil surface. Deliberately burning the land should be directed to the potential land for agriculture, but has endemic soil-borne disease. Post-fire land use can be done by preventing erosion, application organic materials that do not contain plant pests and disease, selection of crops having high economic value and grow rapidly. Application of biofertilizers included type/function, rate, and placement and accompanied by sufficient organic matter application. All microorganism having ability to improve soil physical and chemical properties could be applied to the soils and that contamination of the soil borne diseases should be prevented
NISBAH HARA MIKRO TERHADAP KALIUM DAUN BEBERAPA VARIETAS PADI (Oryza sativa L.) PADA DUA JENIS TANAH
Get PDFPot experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Agriculture Faculty, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta and aimed to investigate the effect of soil types, varieties and and their interaction on Fe/K, Mn/K, Cu/K and Zn/K leaf, growth, leaf protein and grain yield of rice. The experiment was set up in a 2 x 6 factorial pat- tern randomized completely block design with three replications. First factor was two soil types viz. Vertisols and Inceptisols, second factor was rice varieties viz. Cimelati, Pandan Wangi, Ciherang, Cisokan, Widas and IR 64. The result revealed that the Fe/K, Cu/K and Zn/K ratios in rice leaf was significantly affected by soil types and rice varieties. The interaction of soil and rice varieties significantly affected the leaf ratios of Fe/K, Cu/K and Zn/K, crop growth rate (CGR) and grain yield, but it was not significantly affect the Mn/K ratio and leaf protein. The leaf ratios of Fe/K, Cu/K and Zn/K, CGR and grain yield in Vertisols were significantly higher than those in Inceptisols, while Mn/K ratio and leaf protein was significantly higher in Inceptisols. The highest of grain yield was achieved by Pandan Wangi whereas the lowest of grain yield was achieved by IR 64. The lowest of grain yield was achieved by IR 64 in Inceptisols. It was affected by an imbalance of Mn/K ratio and highest of leaf protein. It could be due to the effect of Inceptisols native soil properties (lower pH, higher Mn and K) and specific characteristics of IR 64 (more responsive to low pH, higher NH + uptake). It was also may be caused by indirect effect of urea excess and KCl fertilizers on reducing of rhizosphere pH. The Mn/K ratio was important nutrient imbalance in Inceptisols soil and rice plant. The finding of this study suggests that the research in depth which is focused on Mn/K ratio balance in Inceptisols is needed, i.e using urea and KCl application in proper rate, using another source of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, and using specific of varieties (less responsive to NH + and more responsive to NO -)
