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Effect of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, ondansetron, on gastric size in dyspeptic patients with impaired gastric accommodation
No full textAbstract
Background. A reduction of gastric accommodation after a meal has been documented in patients with idiopathic dyspepsia. In these
patients the administration of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist may reduce some of the dyspeptic symptoms; it is not clear however, whether these
drugs influence gastric adaptation to distension as well.
Aim. To evaluate the effects of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, ondansetron, on gastric distension after a liquid meal in dyspeptic patients
with reduced gastric accommodation.
Methods. Before and after a 500 ml water load, gastric accommodation (area of the proximal and distal stomach) was evaluated using
real-time ultrasonography in 21 idiopathic dyspepsia patients and 26 healthy controls. In dyspeptic patients, the test was repeated twice:
after the administration of placebo and after ondansetron 8mg i.v. (in both cases, 15 min prior to the water load). Secondary outcomes were
epigastric pain, fullness and nausea as assessed by a visual analogue scale at basal and after ondansetron.
Results. Fasting gastric sizewas similar in dyspeptic and controls. Compared with controls, dyspeptic patients showed a statistically significant
smaller area of the proximal stomach (14.7±1.2 cm2 vs. 18.6±1.4 cm2, respectively; p = 0.0247). In dyspeptic patients, gastric proximal
and distal size did not change significantly following placebo, whereas after the administration of ondansetron the mean area of the proximal
and distal stomach significantly increased (proximal stomach: 14.6±1.6 cm2 placebo, 20.4±1.9 cm2 ondansetron, p = 0.0095; distal stomach:
8.9±0.9 placebo, 11.4±1.2 cm2 ondansetron, p = 0.0409). Of the symptoms, only nausea was significantly reduced after ondansetron.
Conclusion. In dyspeptic patients with impaired gastric accommodation, ondansetron reverts gastric accommodation to within the range
of controls.
© 2007 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Functional dyspepsia; Gastric accommodation; 5-HT3 receptor antagonist; Ondansetron; Real-time ultrasonograph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
New Perspectives on Children and Media. On the occasion of the World Summit on Children and Media (Karlstad, Sweden, June 2010)
No full textNum. monografico del "Journal of Media Literacy Education", vol. 3, n. 2 (novembre 2011). Online: www.jmle.org
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Beyond Play, Playfully: The Cultural Location of Fitness Activities
No full textThis paper explores the cultural location of fitness training. It locates fitness training as a particular style or frame of activity intersecting the fields of leisure, sport and body transformation. It shows that non-competitive, recreational physical activities may indeed be as imbued with ideological values as competitive sports, and that the instrumentalization of pleasure is a powerful element of contemporary commercial leisure culture. However, it also goes further to consider how “fun”, which is organized as a relevant experience of fitness training, is related to a particular image of self which stresses autonomy, flexibility and “positive thinking” as key elements of wellbeing
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