31 research outputs found
Phytophthora nicotianae is the predominant Phytophthora species in citrus nurseries in Egypt
No full textPhytophthora root rot is considered to be the most destructive disease to citrus production in Egypt.
Phytophthora species are generally present in citrus nurseries, where soil pots containing the survival propagules
are considered responsible for their spread into new orchards. The goal of this study was to investigate the distribution
and seasonal variation of Phytophthora species in soil and feeder roots in two Egyptian citrus nurseries,
characterized by different management, and to identify Phytophthora species associated with root rot. Soil and
root samples were collected at monthly intervals from Sour orange and Volkameriana lemon rootstocks during
March-July period. The inoculum density of Phytophthora species, and the percentage of infected feeder roots, were
estimated using the plate dilution method in conjunction with selective media. Phytophthora isolates were identified
according to their morphological characteristics and on the basis of the ITS regions of the rDNA. Phytophthora
nicotianae was the predominant isolated species, followed by P. citrophthora and P. palmivora. Phytophthora nicotianae
was detected in both nurseries, while P. citrophthora and P. palmivora were recovered only in one nursery. Inoculum
density of Phytophthora species fluctuated during spring and summer according to the environmental conditions,
rootstock, and nursery management practices
Development of thesauri in Iran.
No full textThe need for Persian thesauri became apparent during the late 1960s with the advent of documentation centres in Iran. The first Persian controlled vocabulary was published by IRANDOC in 1977. Other centres worked on translations of existing thesauri, but it was soon realised that these efforts did not meet the needs of the centres. After the Islamic revolution in 1979, the foundation of new centres intensified the need for Persian thesauri, especially in the fields of history and government documents. Also, during the Iran-Iraq war, Iranian research centres produced reports in scientific and technical fields, both to support military requirements and to meet society's needs. In order to provide a comprehensive thesaurus, the Council of Scientific Research of Iran approved a project for the compilation of such a work. Nowadays, 12 Persian thesauri are available and others are being prepared, based on the literary corpus and conformity with characteristics of Iranian culture
A Reactive Environment for Dynamic Volume Control
No full textEl-Shimy D, Hermann T, Cooperstock J. A Reactive Environment for Dynamic Volume Control. In: Essl GE, Gillespie B, Gurevich M, O'Modhrain S, eds. Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME). Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan; 2012.In this paper, we discuss the design and testing of a reactive envi- ronment for musical performance. Driven by the interpersonal interactions amongst musicians, our system gives users, i.e., several musicians playing together in a band, real-time control over certain aspects of their performance, enabling them to change volume levels dynamically simply by moving around. It differs most notably from the majority of ventures into the design of novel musical interfaces and installations in its multidisciplinary approach, drawing on techniques from Human-Computer Interaction, social sciences and ludology. Our User-Centered Design methodology was central to producing an interactive environment that enhances traditional performance with novel functionalities. During a formal experiment, musicians reported finding our system exciting and enjoyable. We also introduce some additional interactions that can further enhance the interactivity of our reactive environment. In describing the particular challenges of working with such a unique and creative user as the musician, we hope that our approach can be of guidance to interface developers working on applications of a creative nature
EFFICIENCY OF HOST RESISTANCE AND FUNGICIDE APPLICATION FOR CONTROL OF POTATO LATE BLIGHT
No full textLate blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is one of the most destructive dis-eases potato in Egypt and world wide. Stability of resistance to late blight was eva-luated in twenty five potato cultivars during 2003 and 2004 successive seasons un-der heavy natural infection. Data showed that the potato cultivars Altesse, Occania, Safrane and Soleia highly resistant while cultivars Daisy, Hermine and Isabel rec-orded the highest susceptibility to late blight. Application different fungicide against potato late blight revealed that Aquagen Bro and Previcur-N were the best effective fungicides in reducing disease severity and progress of late blight. Data showed also that the losses of tubers due to late blight in season 2003 ranged from 11.75 Kg/plot (cultivar Hermes) to 18.0 Kg/plot (cultivar Lady Roseta) while in season 2004, yield losses ranged from 11.25 Kg/plot (cultivar Hermes) to 23.75 Kg/plot (cultivar Spun-ta). The results demonstrate that integration of Previcur-N treatment with host resis-tance was effective in reducing late blight and tuber yield loss of potato
A Flexible and Transparent Graphene-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator
No full textThis paper presents a new high-output, flexible and transparent nanogenerator using chemical vapor deposition grown graphene as one of the friction layer. Graphene on copper is transferred onto polyethylene terephthalate by wet transfer method makes graphene-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) have electrical conductivity and high optical transmittance. We have fabricated plasma treated thin layer of polydimethylsiloxane structure as another layer to improve the output performance of nanogenerator. Using this graphene-based TENG, maximum output voltage 650 V and current 12 mu A is achieved at 4.3 Hz frequency. As a power source, LCD and 50 commercial blue light-emitting diodes are lighted up. It is low cost, simple, and robust approach for harvesting ambient vibration energy.National Natural Science Foundation of China [61176103, 91023045, 91323304]; National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China ("863" Project) [013AA041102]; Beijing Science & Technology Project [Z141100003814003]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China [4141002]SCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Renewable Energy in Mexico: Development and Outlook of Photovoltaic (PV) Energy
No full textRenewable Energy in Mexico: Development and Outlook of Photovoltaic (PV) Energ
RENEWABLE ENERGY IN MEXICO: DEVELOPMENT AND OUTLOOK OF PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) ENERGY / OBNOVLJIVI IZVORI ENERGIJE U MEKSIKU: RAZVOJ I OUTLOOK FOTONAPONSKE (PV) ENERGIJE
No full textFrom
the energy resources point of view, Mexico has an advanced worldwide
rank in the availability of fossil resources as well as renewable energy
resources. The major abundant conventional resources are oil and
natural gas while the abundant renewable energy resources include solar,
wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass. Due to the geographical and
topological conditions of Mexico, the meteorological conditions of
various locations in Mexico are significantly Locational-dependent. In
addition, the potential of the major renewable energy resources (i.e.
wind, solar, and hydro) is neither fully explored nor exploited. With a
focus of solar-PV energy, this paper analyzes the renewable energy
industry in Mexico and investigates the most suitable way for promoting
the public policies and finding the absolute advantages. In doing so,
the international theories and experiences are considered as a
development guide. International experiences show that it is possible to
establish ‘green energy’ markets in which the end users cover their
costs. These emerging markets are identified to be highly profitable for
both sides i.e. the energy provider and the energy consumers. It can
also be seen that government programs are available for supporting these
markets; a fact that makes the green energy alternatives tempting for
the investment of national and international firms. Some of the data
presented in the presented study are based on techniques such as
Herfindal-Hirshman Concentration Index (HHI), Pascual concentration
indices, and game theor
Efficacy and safety of oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial
No full textEfficacy and safety of oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial
No full textObjective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen in the treatment of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm infants. Study design: An interventional randomized case–control study, registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03265782), was conducted on 60 preterm infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks, postnatal age of 2–7 d and color Doppler echocardiographic evidence of hsPDA. Neonates were randomly assigned to two groups: 30 received oral ibuprofen and 30 received oral paracetamol. With failure of ductal closure, a second course of ibuprofen or paracetamol was given. The included newborns were subjected to detailed history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations that included complete blood count, renal, and liver function tests and echocardiographic evaluation. Results: Oral paracetamol was as effective as ibuprofen for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with one course of treatment (p > .05). Moreover, oral paracetamol was superior to ibuprofen among neonates who needed second course of treatment with significant decrease in end diastolic flow velocity in the left pulmonary artery (0.35 ± 0.09 versus 0.19 ± 0.06, p = .014), right ventricular systolic pressure (40.50 ± 12.91 versus 20.50 ± 0.58, p = .016) and left atrium to aortic root ratio (1.23 ± 0.14 versus 1.07 ± 0.04, p = .046) when compared to ibuprofen group. Furthermore, the mean difference between pre- and post-treatment PDA size was significantly higher in the paracetamol group compared with ibuprofen group after the second course of treatment (1.07 ± 0.32 versus 0.73 ± 0.38, p = .024). Oral paracetamol was comparable with ibuprofen in terms of the rate of non-surgical ductal closure [28 (93.3%) versus 24 (80%), p = .591]. In addition, oral paracetamol was as safe as oral ibuprofen in terms of gastrointestinal perforation or bleeding, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, hepatic or renal dysfunction. Conclusions: Oral paracetamol is an effective and well-tolerated first-line drug treatment for PDA in premature infants. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03265782.</p
Newborn screening protocols and positive predictive value for congenital adrenal hyperplasia vary across the United States
No full textNewborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency is mandated throughout the US. Filter paper blood specimens are assayed for 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP). Prematurity, low birth weight, or critical illness cause falsely elevated results. The purpose of this report is to highlight differences in protocols among US state laboratories. We circulated a survey to state laboratory directors requesting qualitative and quantitative information about individual screening programs. Qualitative and quantitative information provided by 17 state programs were available for analysis. Disease prevalence ranged from 1:9941 to 1:28,661 live births. Four state laboratories mandated a second screen regardless of the initial screening results; most others did so for infants in intensive care units. All but one program utilized birthweight cut-points, but cutoffs varied widely: 17OHP values of 25 to 75 ng/mL for birthweights >2250–2500 g. The positive predictive values for normal birthweight infants varied from 0.7% to 50%, with the highest predictive values based in two of the states with a mandatory second screen. Data were unavailable for negative predictive values. These data imply differences in sensitivity and specificity in CAH screening in the US. Standardization of newborn screening protocols could improve the positive predictive value
