1,720,965 research outputs found
Pengaruh pemberian pupuk Fe terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kelayakan ekonomi tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum)
Full text linkPlants require nutrients to carry out various essential physiological processes in their lives. Iron (Fe) is one of the important micronutrients that are essential for plant growth and reproduction. Although plants only need Fe in relatively small amounts, compounds containing Fe play a crucial role in various physiological processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Fe fertilizer on yield and economic feasibility in tomato plants. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 7 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments used were without inorganic fertilization (P0), comparison inorganic fertilization (P1), and 5 levels of inorganic Fe fertilization: 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 l/ha of inorganic Fe fertilizer applied at 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting (WAP). The results of the experiment showed that the application of 1.25 doses of inorganic Fe fertilizer (2.5 l/ha/application) resulted in the highest plant growth and yield components and tomato yield compared to the control treatment. That treatment also showed the most effective dose agronomically and economically. The recommended dose for tomato plants is 2.5 l/ha/application applied 4 times, namely at 4, 6, 8, and 10 WAP by foliar spray
Efektivitas Agronomis dan Kelayakan Ekonomi Pupuk Fosfor Alternatif pada Budidaya Jagung Manis di Lahan Tropis
Full text linkJagung manis (Zea mays L. saccharata) merupakan komoditas hortikultura bernilai tinggi yang semakin populer di Indonesia. Fosfor (P) merupakan unsur hara esensial yang berperan penting dalam pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman, namun efisiensi penggunaan pupuk fosfor konvensional seperti SP-36 masih menjadi tantangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas agronomis dan ekonomis pupuk fosfor alternatif dengan kandungan P2O5 lebih tinggi dibandingkan SP-36 pada budidaya jagung manis di lahan tropis terbuka. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tujuh perlakuan dosis pupuk fosfor dan empat ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan vegetatif, komponen hasil, produktivitas, efektivitas agronomis relatif (RAE), dan analisis kelayakan usaha tani. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk fosfor alternatif dosis 0,75–1,25 meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman secara signifikan dibandingkan kontrol. Dosis 1,0 menghasilkan efektivitas agronomis tertinggi (RAE 128%) dan keuntungan ekonomi terbesar (R/C 1,71). Analisis tanah menunjukkan peningkatan pH dan kandungan fosfor tersedia setelah aplikasi pupuk. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan dosis 117 kg ha-1 pupuk fosfor alternatif sebagai strategi pemupukan yang efisien dan berkelanjutan untuk budidaya jagung manis. Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) is a high-value horticultural crop increasingly cultivated in Indonesia due to its short growing period and rising market demand. Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient that plays a critical role in early plant development, yet the commonly used SP-36 fertilizer has limitations in P2O5 content and sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic and economic effectiveness of alternative phosphorus fertilizers with higher P2O5 concentrations compared to SP-36 in open-field sweet corn cultivation under tropical conditions. A randomized complete block design was employed with seven fertilizer treatments and four replications. Observed parameters included vegetative growth, yield components, productivity, relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE), and farm profitability. Results showed that applying 0,75–1,25 doses of the tested phosphorus fertilizer significantly improved plant growth and yield compared to the control. The 1,0 dose treatment yielded the highest RAE (128%) and economic return (R/C ratio of 1,71). Soil analysis revealed increased pH and available phosphorus after fertilizer application. The study recommends a dose of 117 kg/ha of the tested phosphorus fertilizer as an efficient and sustainable strategy for enhancing sweet corn productivity and profitability.Jagung manis (Zea mays L. saccharata) merupakan komoditas hortikultura bernilai tinggi yang semakin populer di Indonesia. Fosfor (P) merupakan unsur hara esensial yang berperan penting dalam pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman, namun efisiensi penggunaan pupuk fosfor konvensional seperti SP-36 masih menjadi tantangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas agronomis dan ekonomis pupuk fosfor alternatif dengan kandungan P2O5 lebih tinggi dibandingkan SP-36 pada budidaya jagung manis di lahan tropis terbuka. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tujuh perlakuan dosis pupuk fosfor dan empat ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan vegetatif, komponen hasil, produktivitas, efektivitas agronomis relatif (RAE), dan analisis kelayakan usaha tani. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk fosfor alternatif dosis 0,75–1,25 meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman secara signifikan dibandingkan kontrol. Dosis 1,0 menghasilkan efektivitas agronomis tertinggi (RAE 128%) dan keuntungan ekonomi terbesar (R/C 1,71). Analisis tanah menunjukkan peningkatan pH dan kandungan fosfor tersedia setelah aplikasi pupuk. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan dosis 117 kg ha-1 pupuk fosfor alternatif sebagai strategi pemupukan yang efisien dan berkelanjutan untuk budidaya jagung manis. Sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) is a high-value horticultural crop increasingly cultivated in Indonesia due to its short growing period and rising market demand. Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient that plays a critical role in early plant development, yet the commonly used SP-36 fertilizer has limitations in P2O5 content and sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic and economic effectiveness of alternative phosphorus fertilizers with higher P2O5 concentrations compared to SP-36 in open-field sweet corn cultivation under tropical conditions. A randomized complete block design was employed with seven fertilizer treatments and four replications. Observed parameters included vegetative growth, yield components, productivity, relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE), and farm profitability. Results showed that applying 0,75–1,25 doses of the tested phosphorus fertilizer significantly improved plant growth and yield compared to the control. The 1,0 dose treatment yielded the highest RAE (128%) and economic return (R/C ratio of 1,71). Soil analysis revealed increased pH and available phosphorus after fertilizer application. The study recommends a dose of 117 kg/ha of the tested phosphorus fertilizer as an efficient and sustainable strategy for enhancing sweet corn productivity and profitability
Effect of Zeolite Soil Amendment on Growth, Productivity, and Economic Value of Sweet Corn (Zea mays)
Full text linkSoil amendments play a vital role in enhancing soil quality. Zeolite, a commonly used amendment, is recognized for sustaining higher soil moisture. This study aimed to assess the response of sweet corn to zeolite applications through soil properties and economic analyses. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications was employed, using seven treatments: no zeolite (P0), comparative zeolite (200 kg/ha; P1), and 0.50 (100 kg/ha; P2), 0.75 (150 kg/ha; P3), 1.00 (200 kg/ha; P4), 1.25 (250 kg/ha; P5), and 1.50 (300 kg/ha; P6) of the tested dosage. Zeolite significantly improved soil pH and cation exchange capacity compared to the control. It also enhanced plant growth (height and leaf number) and yield (per plot and per hectare). Although differences among zeolite rates were not statistically significant, the 1.0 dosage offered the highest economic return and a relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) of 263%. Thus, 200 kg/ha applied in split doses is recommended
EFFECTIVENESS OF INORGANIC FERTILIZER NPK (16-16-16) ON CABBAGE PLANTS
No full textPlants can utilize nutrients efficiently through interactions with various environmental factors. The balanced application of macronutrients is crucial for supporting optimal plant growth. This experiment aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of NPK (16-16-16) inorganic fertilizer in promoting the growth and yield of cabbage, as well as to assess its agronomic efficiency and economic feasibility. The treatments consisted of seven fertilization levels: no inorganic fertilizer (P0), reference inorganic fertilizer (P1), 0.5 dose (117 kg/ha) of test fertilizer (P2), 0.75 dose (176 kg/ha) (P3), 1.00 dose (235 kg/ha) (P4), 1.25 dose (293 kg/ha) (P5), and 1.5 dose (352 kg/ha) (P6). The results showed that the application of NPK (16-16-16) significantly improved plant growth (height and number of leaves) and cabbage yield (per plant, per plot, and per hectare) compared to the control treatment. Although no significant differences were observed among the NPK treatments, the application of half the recommended dose of NPK (16-16-16) provided the highest economic return. The recommended fertilizer dose for cabbage is 110 kg/ha, applied in two stages: 50% at one week after transplanting (WAT) and the remaining 50% at four WAT
Karakterisasi Benih dan Perkecambahan Aren (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) serta Respon Pertumbuhan Bibit terhadap Intensitas Naungan
No full textTanaman aren (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) dikelompokkan ke dalam tanaman multi guna (multiple purpose trees). Tanaman aren merupakan tanaman paling luas yang bisa dimanfaatkan seluruh bagiannya dibandingkan dengan spesies palem lainnya. Potensi dari tanaman aren sangat tinggi dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan diversifikasi pangan terutama karbohidrat, sumber gula, sampai pemanfaatan sebagai bio-etanol. Pada kondisi lingkungan alami, aren membutuhkan naungan untuk tumbuh dengan baik. Selain itu banyak terdapat aksesi aren unggul lokal di setiap daerah Indonesia tetapi informasi mengenai deskripsi agronomis aksesi aren lokal belum ada. Penelitian terdiri atas 2 percobaan. Tujuan percobaan pertama adalah mempelajari karakter morfologi beberapa aren unggul lokal selama perkecambahan, sedangkan tujuan percobaan ke dua adalah menguji pengaruh perbedaan naungan terhadap pertumbuhan bibit aren di pembibitan. Percobaan 1 menggunakan 5 aksesi (Pematang Siantar, Bengkulu Lebong, Bengkulu Curup, Banten, dan Cianjur) dan 1 varietas (Kutai Timur) aren. Percobaan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan mengamati karakteristik morfologi perkecambahan benih. Setiap aksesi dan varietas aren menggunakan 20 benih yang dikecambahkan di dalam polybag dan diulang sebanyak 5 kali sehingga terdapat 100 benih yang digunakan. Benih diamati sampai 90 Hari Setelah Semai (HSS) sampai munculnya apokol, plumula, dan radikula. Pengamatan panjang apokol, panjang radikula, dan panjang plumula diukur menggunakan 10 benih dari masing-masing aksesi dan varietas yang digunakan dan disemai terpisah. Percobaan 2 menggunakan bahan tanam aren varietas Kutai Timur dengan umur ± 5 bulan (2-3 helai daun). Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok satu faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah intensitas naungan dengan taraf 0, 32, 56, dan 64% menggunakan paranet. Setiap satuan percobaan terdapat 15 tanaman dan diambil 5 tanaman contoh serta satu tanaman contoh lainnya untuk setiap pengamatan destruktif setiap 8 minggu sampai 40 MSP. Hasil percobaan 1 menunjukkan bahwa aksesi Pematang Siantar, Bengkulu Lebong, Bengkulu Curup, Banten, Cianjur, dan varietas Kutai Timur memiliki kisaran bobot buah 37.2–66.2 g, bobot benih 3.7–6.3 g, panjang benih 23.3–31.8 mm, diameter benih 17.6–20.7 mm, bobot basah benih 16.0–29.3 g, bobot kering benih 13.4–21.8 g, Potensi Tumbuh Maksimum (PTM) 66–100%, Daya Berkecambah (DB) 44–98%, kadar air benih 22–36%, rata–rata panjang apokol 9.6–14.0 cm (90 HSS), panjang radikula 17.6–27.2 cm (90 HSS), dan panjang plumula 8.3–19.2 cm (90 HSS). Perkecambahan benih aren dimulai dengan pembentukan apokol yang berguna sebagai jalur pergerakan embrio sebelum berkecambah. Hasil percobaan 2 menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan bibit aren dipengaruhi oleh tingkat naungan yang berbeda selama pembibitan. Pemberian tingkat intensitas naungan 32, 56, dan 64% dapat meningkatkan peubah tinggi tanaman sebesar 69.2%, diameter batang sebesar 22.3%, panjang pangkal pelepah ke-6 dan ke-7 berturut-turut sebesar 48.4 dan 71.8%, panjang pelepah daun ke-7 sebesar 58.1%, nilai SPAD sebesar 28.7%, bobot biomassa total sebesar 106.4%, dan laju tumbuh relatif sebesar 28.6% dibandingkan dengan tanaman yang tidak dinaungi. Pemberian naungan 56 dan 64% dapat meningkatkan peubah panjang pelepah daun ke-6 sebesar 51.1%, luas daun sebesar 139.1%, kandungan klorofil a, klorofil b, dan klorofil total berturut-turut sebesar 74.9, 77,8, dan 75.7% dibandingkan dengan bibit aren yang tidak dinaungi tetapi tidak berbeda dengan perlakuan intensitas naungan 32%. Pemberian naungan 56% dapat meningkatkan peubah bobot basah, bobot kering, dan volume akar berturut-turut sebesar 125.5, 101.7, dan 118.3% dibandingkan dengan bibit aren yang tidak dinaungi tetapi tidak berbeda dengan perlakuan intensitas naungan 32 dan 64%
AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF Zn, Cu, B MICROFERTILIZERS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO PLANTS (Solanum lycopersicum)
No full textMicronutrient fertilizers containing zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and boron (B) play an important role in supporting the growth and yield of tomato plants. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic and economic effectiveness of micronutrient fertilizer application on tomato growth, yield, and farming feasibility. The experiment was conducted with six treatment levels of micronutrient fertilizer doses (0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 doses). The study used a randomized complete block design. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. Farming analysis was conducted using economic calculations with profit and R/C ratio as variables. The results showed that micronutrient fertilizer application significantly affected plant height, number of branches, and number of flower clusters, as well as yield components such as number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, and total yield per plant, plot, and hectare. The 1.0 dose treatment showed the best results with 125.8 fruits per plant, a yield of 2,346.5 g per plant, and 15.79 tons per hectare. Agronomic effectiveness was measured using the relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) value, where the 1.0 dose treatment showed the highest value of 199%, indicating a 1.99-fold increase in yield compared to the control. Economically, this treatment also resulted in the highest profit of Rp14,075,000 with the highest R/C ratio. These results indicate that Zn, Cu, and B micronutrient fertilizers are not only effective in increasing tomato productivity but also economically feasible for implementation in tomato farming
Dynamics of Soybean Seed Protein and Oil Content with Depth in the Canopy
Full text linkUnderstanding the physiological basis of variation in seed composition is critical for optimizing soybean seed composition. Also, studying dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake, partitioning, and redistribution in soybeans is crucial due to its direct impact on seed yield levels and overall plant productivity. This study aimed to test the primary proxy influencing seed protein and oil content, which is their accumulation rate determined by the assimilate supply per seed. The second objective was to comprehensively understand soybean dry matter (DM) accumulation and nitrogen (N) uptake, partitioning, and removal patterns within the canopy. Field experiments were conducted using two soybean varieties, Hoegemeyer LL2841 (high-protein concentration) and Pioneer P27A17X (low-protein concentration), planted at early, mid, and late dates. The first study showed that at the whole plant level, protein and oil accumulation rates accounted for over 51% of the variation in seed component contents, with leaf area per seed at the R5.5 stage explaining more than 66%. However, within individual canopy strata, the relationship between assimilate supply and accumulation rates was less consistent. Protein accumulation rates significantly influenced protein content in strata 1, 3, and 4, while oil accumulation rates were significant only in strata 4 and 5. The second study indicated that whole plant accumulation of DM and N is minimal until approximately R1, then increases rapidly to the peak near R3 for all treatments. After R5, vegetative organs (leaves and petioles) generally began remobilizing DM and N to seed, whereas stems began DM and N remobilization at R6, possibly supporting greater DM remobilization to the seed. Within strata, peak accumulation of DM and N shifted from R1 to R7 from the bottom of the plant (strata 1) to the top (strata 5). Moreover, vegetative organs varied in their time of maximum DM or N accumulation, and when remobilization of DM or N to seed was initiated. Our results showed that at the whole plant level, seed N accumulation primarily relied on remobilization from vegetative organs rather than on continued uptake. Strata 2 and 3 contributed most of remobilized N to seed.
Advisor: John Lindquis
Somatic Embryogenesis of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) As Affected by Culture Media and Composition of Plant Growth Regulators
Full text linkConventional production of melon hybrid seeds requires a long time. Propagation through plant tissue culture can be an alternative method to produce hybrid melon seedlings in order to fulfill the high demand for uniform seedlings. Our current study was aimed to determine the type of propagation media and the best concentration of picloram for the induction of somatic embryogenesis in melon from young seed explants. The study was expanded to examine the effective concentrations of two of auxins, 2-4 D and NAA, combined with BAP to induce somatic embryogenesis in melon using hypocotyl explants. The experiment was conducted at Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first experiment tested three types of planting media (MS, B5, and WPM) and four levels of picloram concentration (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg.L-1). The second experiment tested auxin (2,4-D and NAA) concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mg.L-1 and two BAP concentrations, 0 and 1 mg.L-1. The first study showed that no somatic embryos were formed with the media types and picloram concentration tested; the seeds, however, germinated and formed callus. In the second study, there was an interaction between concentration levels of auxin (2,4-D and NAA) and BAP on induction of somatic embryos using hypocotyl explants. Somatic embryo formation can be induced with treatment of 1 mg.L-1 NAA + 0.1 mg.L-1 BAP and 2 mg.L-1 NAA + 0.1 mg.L-1 BAP. The highest yield of embryos formation was with the treatment of 1 mg.L-1 NAA + 0.1 mg.L-1 BAP at 0.53 embryos per explant. Keywords: embryogenesis, tissue culture media, melon, Picloram, 2,4 D, BA
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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