3,218 research outputs found
La filosofía del derecho de Alexandre Kojève
No full textThis article is a presentation of Alexandre Kojève’s philosophy of law, exposed in his Esquisse d’une phénoménologie du droit (1981). Little attention has been paid to this work. So there is a gap that has to be filled with a critical reflection of its strengths. Among them, undoubtedly, we count the fact that Kojève is introducing a conception of international justice that casts a singular light on current debates about cosmopolitanism and globalization. According to this author, citizenship is the key element of the process of global expansion of the juridical sphere. In sum, Kojève’s philosophy is useful to reflect upon the contrast between the juridical and the political, which is the basis for all philosophy of law, in order to achieve world peace and international justice.Este artículo es una presentación de la filosofía del derecho de Alexandre Kojève contenida en su Esquisse d’une phénoménologie du droit (1981). La poca atención que dicha obra ha recibido es un vacío que debiera llenarse con una reflexión crítica de sus puntos fuertes. Entre ellos destaca una concepción de la justicia internacional que proyecta una luz muy singular sobre los actuales debates en torno a la globalización y el cosmopolitismo. A ojos de este autor, la ciudadanía es el elemento clave para aquilatar la expansión global de lo jurídico. En suma, Kojève aparece como un valioso referente en la labor de pensar la contraposición entre lo jurídico y lo político que está en la base de toda filosofía del derecho, con la aspiración al logro de la justicia internacional y la paz mundial en el horizonte
Reconfiguração do consensualismo contratual: as ações tituladas nominativas e os limites à transmissão
No full textPartimos da evolução histórica do consensualismo contratual salientando os
principais carateres que, nos diversos momentos históricos, se foram evidenciando.
Numa segunda etapa exploramos os fundamentos dogmáticos do modelo de
transmissão contratual assumido pelo legislador e a sua viabilidade no sistema
jurídico global, em particular, no direito dos valores mobiliários. Constatamos a
crescente necessidade na prática mercantil e inevitabilidade no sistema jurídico
global da admissibilidade da existência de contratos de compra e venda de natureza
meramente obrigacional. Num terceiro momento desenvolvemos os principais
aspetos do regime jurídico aplicável às ações tituladas nominativas fora do mercado
regulado, em particular, os principais limites à transmissão, enquanto instrumentos/barreiras ao consensualismo contratual.We start from the historical evolution of contractual consensualism emphasizing the
main aspects that, in different historical moments, were showing up. In a second
stage we explore the dogmatic foundations of the transmission model contractual
assumed by the legislator and its viability in the global legal system, in particular, in
securities law. We note the growing need in commercial practice and inevitability in
the global legal system the admissibility of the existence of contracts of sale purely
obligatory. In the third stage we develop the main aspects of the legal regime
applicable to nominative titled actions outside the regulated market, in particular,
the main limits to the transmission, as instruments / barriers to contractual
consensualism
On the Development of Quantitative Sensors for Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Single-Molecule Microscopy in Biological Environments
No full textFluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy are in-vivo compatible techniques that are currently standard tools to address questions related to the organization and the dynamics of biological systems. The development of super-resolution microscopy over the last 30 years has enabled scientists to investigate such systems below the diffraction limit of light with a near-molecular spatial resolution. Although fluorescence is by nature an environment-sensitive process, common fluorophores for super-resolution microscopy typically lack chemical sensitivity to their environment and are thus merely used as labels of the position of the molecule to which they are attached or bind. Based on this observation, the work presented in this thesis addresses novel possibilities to introduce both chemical and physical sensitivity in fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging studies relying on fluorescent probes compatible with both biological environments and single-molecule based super-resolution microscopy.
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“Era por Alexandre tod’esto demostrado”: ¿pruebas verídicas y pruebas engañosas en el Libro de Alexandre?
No full textEl Libro de Alexandre es un texto de s. XIII, que se escribió en la España medieval. En este escrito, el autor pretende demostrar que, en el Alexandre, algunas de las situaciones que se ponen a prueba son aceptadas, pero eso no significa que el macedonio gane la prueba. El articulo esta dividido en tres apartados. En el primero, el autor da cuenta de la historia textual de la obra y también dedica ciertas líneas al Estado de la cuestión del texto; mientras que, en la segunda parte, nos guía a conceptos etimológicos de los términos prueba, evidencia y demás. En el tercer apartado se centra en algunas pruebas expuestas en el Libro de Alexandre.The Libro de Alexandre is a literary work, written during the medieval Spain. In this paper, the author tries to demonstrate that, carefully reading the L.A, some of the situations that are set as proves are accepted, but it does not mean that Alexander can be a victor. This paper is divided in three sections: firstly, the author tells the textual history of the L.A and, then, tries to update the State of art: on the other hand, in the second part, the author offers meanings about terms as: prueba and evidencia. Finally, the author focuses on certain passages contained in the Libro de Alexandre that can be taken as failed proves
Mixing the Immiscible: Improvisation within Fixed-Media Composition
No full textThis paper will explore ways in which mastered improvisation practice, with the studio as an instrument, is a proposed avenue to bridge the historical dichotomy between what Ted Gioia describe as ‘the aesthetics of perfection’ and ‘the aesthetics of imperfection’. It is proposed as a way to re-embody fixed music, as experimented by the author through the composition of his last fixed-media work. This will be put in the context of a wider trend observed amongst the current emerging generation of composers interested in the aesthesics of the work, by opposition to the previous generations that placed the value of the work in its poietics. The vital and primal importance of practice outcome as practice-based research’s main document will also be advocated for, as these trends are happening in the laboratory of live music
Protected and Bright: Encapsulation Strategies for Brighter Fluorophores
No full textThe development of super-resolution microscopy has been one of the most important advances in order to image tissue structures or cellular dynamics and interactions at the nanoscale. Because of the biological targets, super-resolution experiments are typically performed in aqueous solution. However, water is known to be a fluorescence quencher of organic dyes and the replacement of H2O by D2O can drastically increase the fluorescence quantum yield and the localization precision. Recently, the quenching of 40 dyes was investigated leading to the conclusion of a FRET mechanism between red-emitting fluorophores and vibrational overtones and combination bands of -OH groups of the solvent in direct contact with the dyes. Since fluorophores in biological samples are mostly surrounded by water, one way to prevent quenching from occurring would be to isolate them from the solvent using macrocyclic cavities such as cyclodextrins and cucurbiturils. The goal of this thesis work was therefore to investigate encapsulation strategies for red-emitting fluorophores compatible with the stringent requirement of single-molecule and super-resolution imaging, that either enable to efficiently shield fluorophores from water, thereby enhancing their brightness, or to modulate their photophysics in other useful ways
Quantification of the Optical Response of Polydiacetylenes
No full textSince their discovery in the late 1960s, polydiacetylenes (PDA) have been in the limelight of scientific research. Upon external stimuli, such as heat, applied force, irradiation or addition of various molecules, they show unique mechanochromic characteristics, i.e. they change their colour from blue to red, and turn fluorescent. Despite the great progress, there are still many open questions in the field of polydiacetylenes: for instance, the exact mechanism of the colour change is still not clear, while the force sensing capabilities of PDA have not yet been exploited either due to the lack of quantitative analyses on their mechanochromic response. Thus, this thesis aims at addressing some of these questions and tries to help disambiguate the picture on the phase change of polydiacetylenes triggered by three different stimuli: force, addition of biomolecules and laser irradiation.
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Alexandre de Rhodes (1593?-1660)
No full textBiografia do jesuíta francês Alexandre de Rhodes (1593?-1660), missionário na Cochinchina (Vietname) e no Tonquim. Autor do Dicionário Anamita-Português-Latim (1651), Rhodes foi uma figura central no choque de interesses entre o Padroado Português e as ambições diplomáticas e políticas da França na Indochina e na China.Biography of the French Jesuit Alexandre de Rhodes (1593?-1660), missionary in Cochinchina (Vietnam) and Tonkin. Author of the Anamita-Portuguese-Latin Dictionary (1651), Rhodes was a central figure in the clash of interests between the Portuguese Padroado and France's diplomatic and political ambitions in Indochina and China.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
La Clerecía de "Alexandre"
No full textEl artículo reflexiona sobre la educación que recibe Alexandre “El grande” a manos de su profesor Aristóteles, retratado en el “Libro de Alexandre”; a continuación analiza las disciplinas que compusieron dicho programa con el interés de proponer una interpretación de la lista de las siete artes liberales mencionadas. Este artículo ofrece una visión de las diferentes maneras en las que los textos reflejan la “clerecía” del protagonista así como de otros personajes, incluyendo el anónimo autor de los mismos. Cualquiera que se dedique a las mencionadas artes liberales será glorificado y Alexandre se presenta él mismo como modelo ideal de un príncipe en quien la nobleza y al inteligencia van unidas, una defensa clara de la “clerecía” como fuente fundamental de toda excelencia. This article deals with the education imparted on Alexander the Great by Aristotles, as portrayed in the “Libro de Alexandre”, analyzes the disciplines and proposes an interpretation of the list of the seven liberal arts mentioned therein. This article also offers an encompassing view of the different ways in which the text reflects the “clerecía2 of the protagonist as well as that of the other characters, including the anonymous author himself. Anyone who dedicates him or herself to the aforementioned liberal arts is thereby glorified, and Alexander presents himself as the ideal model of a prince in whom nobility and cleverness are joined, in a clear defense of the “clerecía” as the fundamental source of all excellence
Ultrafast excited-state dynamics in biological and in organised environments
No full textLa dynamique d'états excités de sondes fluorescentes placées dans des environnements biologiques et organisés a été étudiée par spectroscopie optique stationnaire et par spectroscopie laser femtoseconde. En particulier, l'influence de tels environnements sur des processus ultrarapides tels que la solvatation, la relaxation vibrationnelle, l'inhibition de fluorescence et la dépolarisation de fluorescence a été suivie. Les systèmes étudiés sont : ( 1) les protéines avidine et streptavidine au ligand naturel desquels, la biotine, différentes sondes fluorescentes ont été attachées ; (2) des intercalateurs d'acides nucléiques fluorescents en présence de différentes séquences d'ADN et d'ARN ; (3) des systèmes photosynthétiques artificiels composés de 32 chromophores identiques qui s'autoassemblent dans des membranes lipidiques. Les nombreux exemples expérimentaux permettent de démontrer la puissance de la spectroscopie de fluorescence femtoseconde en tant qu'outil pour obtenir des informations sur l'environnement local de sondes fluorescentes et ainsi des informations structurales sur des macromolécules d'intérêt biologique
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