1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Agricultural Meteorology and Applications and Management of Agricultural Water Resources
No full text臺灣地區位地球村的一角，總無法逃脫地球運行的多樣化及林林種種的災變健康而理性的態度就是坦然而對及謀求問題的解決。氣象變化及氣象災害不但和臺灣地區民眾的生活息息相關，亦對農、工、商及民生等各產業造成深遠影響，倘若昧於偏頗處置不當，即可能受到鉅大經濟損失，民眾生命財產亦可能遭受危難。包括農業在內的政府各部門，均應當審愼面對與因應，研擬不同紎況的施政計畫與策略。針對農業而言，氣象災害、氣候變遷及氣象資源利用乃是現階段臺灣地農業生產面臨的重要環境課題，是農業氣象學門應當專注的研究議題
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
環境與稻作生產-總論
No full text稻米為世界上名列前矛的重要糧食之一，尤以亞洲為最主要生產與消費地區。稻的栽培種有亞洲地區的oryza sativa L．及非洲地區的oryza Glaberrima Steud等兩種，由於遺傳歧異度高加上人為的馴化及傳播，目前稻之產區幾乎遍及全球（極地例外），對環境適應性甚廣。惟稻株生育表現仍受到環境顯著影響，變化劇烈或極限環境均不利稻株生長，並限制生產潛力的發揮。因此，詳細而深入瞭解稻作生產與環境關係，乃維持稻米穩定生產之不二法門。本書計十章，吾人當可從書中截取許多有關稻作生產的專業知識，更重要的，也可以由描述水稻與環境之對應關係中學習到正確的「農法」。農業知識和科技皆隨空大幅進步，然而環境卻走向難以預測的淵藪與作物競相抗衡，問題所在是探討的關鍵。如何能在環境保護、生態維護及經濟效益上獲得「三贏」，重點在於目標與決心。無論政府與民眾均應在理念與做法上抱持宏觀，從長遠的生存去謀求發展，切莫削足適履短視眼前利益。
Rice is one of the major food crops in the world, and Asia is the main production and consumption area among all. There are two types of rice yarieties, Oryza sativa L. and Oryza glaberrima Steud. With highly genetic variability and diversity, rice adapts to variable environments and spreads widely to varied habitats. However, the growth and yield of rice are governed by environment and limited to stress conditions. This book has ten chapters describing rice-environment relations. The chapters tell professional knowledge about bettering rice production in dealing with environment. Moreover, one can learn further from the behind lecture about the appropriate manner of agriculture. Knowledge and technology in agriculture advance with time while environment goes worse and worse day by day to against crop production. The problem is there, how human being gains the profit without breaking the nature law. To sustain human life, first of all is to make agriculture sustainable. Short cut gives short view yet long head gets long price. The key is in your hand
Applications and Development of Agrometeorology－Introduction
No full text維持自給自足的糧食生產一向是政府最重要的農業政策之一，政府並據以實施如降低肥料價格、保價收購、興建水庫充分灌溉水源及改進生產技術等糧食增產措施，鼓勵與獎勵生產。然而隨著經濟發展和國民所得提高，目前消費者對農產品已轉向為高品質與多樣化要求，使得農業生產由生產導向轉變為消費導向或市場導向，期以創造更高的農產品價值，並以避免生產過剩帶來的『穀賤傷農』問題。尤其面臨加入世界貿易組織（WTO, World Trade organization）後的龐大國際競爭衝擊，農業生產更須注重市場機制，才能活絡產銷打開商品通道。針對當前農業所遭遇的各種難題，除了力求解決經濟與社會層面有關的問題之外，農業科技的研發與應用亦將扮演關鍵角色。未來農業科技的發展應以提昇農產品品質、提高農業經營管理效能、以及促進農業資源合理利用為主要目標，引入創新、服務、品質與形象等知識經濟發展要素，將傳統農業轉向為精準農業和知識經濟產業，才能提昇整體農業競爭力。欲開創農作物生產之新紀元，需要充分利用農業氣象科學、技術與資訊，而欲提升農業氣象在二十一世紀的應用與發展，勢必將之發揮於農作物之生產，兩者相輔相承。無庸置疑的，屬於農業科技一環的農業氣象科技居於樞紐地位，值得吾人重視、應用與發展。
Self-supply and self-sufficient in food is one of the most important agriculture policies in the past In Taiwan. Measures such as lower fertilizer cost, guarantee cereal price, abundant irrigation resource and improved production technology have been carried out by the government to encourage food production. Due to the rapid increase of income and highly economic development recently, commodity with high quality and multi-functionality are in great demand. Therefore, strategies for agricultural production have shifted from production-oriented toward consumer-oriented or market-oriented direction. The produces from agriculture are expected to have higher added values than ever before because of the prominent production and processing standard by the incorporation of newly developed techniques. In foreseeing the new era after entering the World Trade Organization, pressure from international competition will be much greater. Agricultural production must be focused on marketing mechanism in order to open more market places. Agricultural technologies shall be emphasized more in all perspectives to improve crops production procedure, commodity quality, management proficiency and effectiveness, and proper exploitation of resources. To open a new agricultural production era in the twenty-first century, especially in the situation of knowledge-based economy, technology, information and knowledge should be integrated into the innovative production system. And, innovation, service, quality, and named brand are the key elements to be stressed leading to a successful reform in agriculture industry. Certainly, science and technology of agricultural meteorology will play an important part in the system, and vice versa, a high standard crop production shall be the driving force behind the applications and development of agricultural meteorology in the future
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