1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Influence of the luminaire intensity curve type on the level of light pollution
No full textWspółcześnie oświetlenie terenów zewnętrznych jest jednym z najbardziej dynamicznie rozwijających się trendów techniki świetlnej. Coraz bardziej powszechnie mamy do czynienia z oświetleniem drogowym, iluminacjami obiektów oraz zieleni, a także reklamami świetlnymi. Dzięki temu poprawie ulega bezpieczeństwo mieszkańców, zwiększa się komfort użytkowania dróg, a otoczenie staje się bardziej przyjazne i atrakcyjne. Jednak równocześnie to sztuczne oświetlenie staje się źródłem niepożądanego w danym otoczeniu światła powodującego zanieczyszczanie otoczenia. Na wielkość tego niekorzystnego zjawiska wpływa w głównej mierze sposób i miejsce zainstalowania opraw oświetleniowych, rodzaj używanego źródła światła oraz właściwości odbiciowe obiektów znajdujących się w sąsiedztwie oprawy oświetleniowej np. ścian budynków, asfaltu, trawy itp. W związku z tym, że oprawy oświetleniowe charakteryzują się wielorakimi parametrami świetlno-optycznymi można przeprowadzić analizę umożliwiającą wskazanie parametrów oprawy oświetleniowej, które w najistotniejszy sposób wpływają na efekt zanieczyszczenia otoczenia światłem. Przedstawiona w niniejszej pracy analiza wykazała, że sposób dystrybucji światła przez oprawę oświetleniową w znaczący sposób wpływa na ten niepożądany efekt. Do analizy, wykonanej przy użyciu programu DIALux, wybrano dziesięć różnorodnych rodzajów krzywych światłości typowych opraw oświetleniowych. Artykuł zawiera analizę graficzną, w postaci izolinii, poziomu zanieczyszczenia światłem otoczenia, przy użytkowaniu oprawy oświetleniowej charakteryzująca się określoną krzywą światłości.Lighting of the outdoor areas is one of the fastest growing branches in contemporary lighting technology. Usually these are: road lighting, neon, billboards and illuminations of buildings or landscapes. This friendly and attractive lighting improves the safety of the area. However, at the same time the artificial lighting becomes a source of unwanted light in the environment known as a light pollution. It depends on the place of installation of the lighting fixture, the kind of light source and the properties of reflective objects in the vicinity of the luminaire. The light fixtures are characterized by multiple parameters which can be analyzed in order to determining their impact on the effect of light pollution. Analysis presented in this paper showed that the luminaire light distribution curve significantly affects this undesirable effect. The analysis, carried out using Dialux software, chosen ten types of light distribution curves of lighting fixtures which represent typical light fixtures used in the lighting technology. The article presents graphical interpretation of the level of light pollution emitted by given luminaire according to its specific light distribution curve
Wpływ właściwości odbiciowych podłoża na którym zainstalowano daną oprawę oświetleniową na względną wartość zanieczyszczenia jej otoczenia światłem
Full text linkThe article contains the research results on light pollution relative values. The effect of used luminaire type was analyzed and the kind of ground on which the lamp was installed. Calculations were performed by using professional computer-aided lighting design software DIALux. A number of typical outdoor lighting fixtures were taken into account. These lamps were placed on a grass, soil, concrete, asphalt and snow ground. It was assumed that these luminaires emit the same value of luminous flux. It has been shown that the degree of light pollutions dependent not only on the intensity curve of given luminaire but also on the reflective properties of the ground under the lamp.Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań dotyczących efektu zanieczyszczenia otoczenia światłem. Przeanalizowany został wpływ zastosowanego typu oprawy oświetleniowej oraz rodzaju podłoża, na którym jest ona zainstalowana, na względne wartości natężenia oświetlenia nad daną lampą. W rozważaniach uwzględniono typowe, stosowane w oświetleniu terenów zewnętrznych, oprawy oświetleniowe umiejscowione na podłożu typu: trawa, gleba, beton, asfalt i śnieg. Założono, że oprawy te emitują jednakowy strumień świetlny. Obliczenia przeprowadzono wykorzystując program komputerowego wspomagania projektowania oświetlenia DIALux. Wykazano, że stopień zanieczyszczenia światłem otoczenia zależny nie tylko od krzywej światłości oprawy oświetleniowej, ale także od właściwości odbiciowych podłoża na którym umiejscowiono tę lampę
The influence of different photometric observers on luxmeter accuracy for LEDs and FLs lamps measurements
No full textAge-dependent changes in human eye spectral sensitivity play an important role in contemporary lighting research. Nowadays lighting designing practices take into account the fact that an illuminance level perceived by a given observer depends also on his age. According to recommendations of the International Commission on Illumination CIE presented in the document 227:2017, users age should be taken into account in lighting design of public buildings. The natural consequence of this approach in designing should be the fact that the age of a user also should be considered when verification of lighting installation photometric parameters is performed. According to recommendations of latest CIE documents, verifications of illuminance levels are performed by luxmeters whose spectral sensitivity matches the CIE standard photometric observer V(λ) function. At present there is a lack of papers describing how the accuracy of illuminance measurements could be affected by the fact that with age there are changes in human eye spectral sensitivity and it differs from V(λ) function. To fill this gap we present in this article results showing how applying of different photometric observers influence the luxmeter accuracy. The calculations were performed for LED and FL light sources measured by class B and class C luxmeters. These results indicate that a luxmeter error f1 strongly depends on correlated color temperature of a lamp under measurement and spectral sensitivity of applied photometric observer
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