2,719,378 research outputs found

    Shanxi province (China), people irrigating from a well on the Taiyuan plain

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    Irrigating from a well on the Taiyuan Plain.Image is part of research conducted by Raymond T. Moyer for the article: Agricultural Soils in a Loess Region of North China Author(s): Raymond T. Moyer Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Jul., 1936), pp. 414-425 Published by: American Geographical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047Grayscal

    Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt

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    Handwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.

    DNA fusion gene vaccination mobilizes effective anti-leukemic cytotoxic T lymphocytes from a tolerized repertoire

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    The majority of known human tumor-associated antigens derive from non-mutated self proteins. T cell tolerance, essential to prevent autoimmunity, must therefore be cautiously circumvented to generate cytotoxic T cell responses against these targets. Our strategy uses DNA fusion vaccines to activate high levels of peptide-specific CTL. Key foreign sequences from tetanus toxin activate tolerance-breaking CD4+ T cell help. Candidate MHC class Ibinding tumor peptide sequences are fused to the C terminus for optimal processing and presentation. To model performance against a leukemia-associated antigen in a tolerized setting, we constructed a fusion vaccine encoding an immunodominant CTL epitopederived from Friend murine leukemia virus gag protein (FMuLVgag) and vaccinated tolerant FMuLVgag-transgenic (gag-Tg) mice. Vaccination with the construct induced epitopespecificIFN-c-producing CD8+ T cells in normal and gag-Tg mice. The frequency and avidity of activated cells were reduced in gag-Tg mice, and no autoimmune injury resulted. However, these CD8+ T cells did exhibit gag-specific cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Also, epitope-specific CTL killed FBL-3 leukemia cells expressing endogenous FMuLVgag antigen and protected against leukemia challenge in vivo. These results demonstrate a simple strategy to engage anti-microbial T cell help to activate epitope-specific polyclonal CD8+ T cell responses from a residual tolerized repertoire

    Letter from Stephen T. Mather to Carl Hayden

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    Letter from Stephen T. Mather to Carl T. Hayden thanking Hayden for his advice about visiting Arizon

    Letter from Stephen T. Mather to Carl Hayden

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    Letter from Stephen T. Mather to Carl T. Hayden advocating for a reduction in automobile fees for the South Rim entrance

    Shanxi (China), red soil basin around Qin Xian

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    Topography in the red soil basin around Chinchow.Image is part of research conducted by Raymond T. Moyer for the article: Agricultural Soils in a Loess Region of North China Author(s): Raymond T. Moyer Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Jul., 1936), pp. 414-425 Published by: American Geographical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047Grayscal

    Shanxi (China), profile of soils

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    Profile of soils of the Gray Brown Subgroup, showing zone of accumulation.Image is part of research conducted by Raymond T. Moyer for the article: Agricultural Soils in a Loess Region of North China Author(s): Raymond T. Moyer Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Jul., 1936), pp. 414-425 Published by: American Geographical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047Grayscal

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods
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