14,916 research outputs found

    Continuous approximation models in freight distribution management

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    This paper presents an overview of the literature on continuous approximation models in the context of distribution management. It first describes the seminal contributions of Beardwood, Halton and Hammersley, and of Daganzo and Newell. This is followed by a summary of various extensions, and by applications to districting, location, fleet sizing and vehicle routing

    Lo sviluppo delle competenze nella pubblica amministrazione: obiettivi e finalità di una ricerca-azione

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    In relazione alla ricerca-azione per lo sviluppo delle comptenze nella PA, si descrivono le fasi del progetto nell'ambito delle attività della Struttura Sistemi formativi, finalizzate a: 1) sistematizzare le informazioni prodotte sul tema dei fabbisogni formativi; 2) definire un modello di rilevazione dei fabbisogni formativi nella PA; 3) progettare e realizzare, in forma sperimentale, percorsi formativi per rispondere ai fabbisogni rilevati.in relazione alla ricerca-azione per lo sviluppo delle comptenze nella pa, si descrivono le fasi del progetto nell'ambito delle attività della struttura sistemi formativi, finalizzate a: 1) sistematizzare le informazioni prodotte sul tema dei fabbisogni formativi; 2) definire un modello di rilevazione dei fabbisogni formativi nella pa; 3) progettare e realizzare, in forma sperimentale, percorsi formativi per rispondere ai fabbisogni rilevati. lo sviluppo delle competenze nella pubblica amministrazione: obiettivi e finalità di una ricerca-azione roberto angotti anna d'arcangelo massimiliano franceschetti saverio lovergin

    Study of synthetic peptides derived from the PKI55 protein, a protein kinase C modulator, in human neutrophils stimulated by the methyl ester derivative of the hydrophobic N-formyl tripeptide for-Met-Leu-Phe-OH

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    Elucidation of the involvement of protein kinase C subtypes in several diseases is an important challenge for the future development of new drug targets. We previously identified the PKI55 protein, which acts as a protein kinase C modulator, establishing a feedback loop of inhibition. The PKI55 protein is able to penetrate the cell membrane of activated human T-lymphocytes and to inhibit the activity of a, b1 and b2 protein kinase C isoforms. The present study aimed to identify the minimal amino acid sequence of PKI55 that is able to inhibit the enzyme activity of protein kinase C. Peptides derived from both C- and N-terminal sequences were synthesized and initially assayed in rat brain protein kinase C to identify which part of the entire protein maintained the in vitro effects described for PKI55, and then the active peptides were tested on the isoforms a, b1, b2, c, d, e and f to identify their specific inhibition properties. Specific protein kinase C isoforms have been associated with the activation of specific signal transduction pathways involved in inflammatory responses. Thus, the potential therapeutic role of the selected peptides has been studied in polymorphonuclear leukocytes activated by the methyl ester derivative of the hydrophobic N-formyl tripeptide for-Met-Leu-Phe-OH to evaluate their ability to modulate chemotaxis, superoxide anion production and lysozyme release. These studies have shown that only chemotactic function is significantly inhibited by these peptides, whereas superoxide anion production and lysozyme release remain unaffected. Western blotting experiments also demonstrated a selective reduction in the levels of the protein kinase C b1 isoform, which was previously demonstrated to be associated with the polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotactic response

    Itraconazole-ciprofloxacin interaction on the pharmacokinetics of the intestinal compartment: preliminary results in rats

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    Among their pharmacokinetic characteristics fluoroquinolones (FQs) ex-hibit transintestinal and biliary elimination; moreover, they may interferewith hepatic metabolism. Interactions of FQs with enzymeinhibitors orinducers could be possible during therapy. The inhibitory effects on thehepatic metabolism of Itraconanzole (Itz) should be considered in thekinetics of FQs.Objectives: To study the effect of Itz on intestinal kinetics ofCiprofloxacin (Cpx) following different administration schedule.Methods: Wistar rats (weight 174.0+12.5 g, mean+SD) divided inthree groups were treated as follows: group 1: Cpx, 15 mg/kg/day,orally administered by gavage for three days; group 2: Cpx two hoursafter oral administration of Itz (10 mg/kg/day) for three days; group3: Cpx for 3 days and Itz (10 mg/kg/day) on the 2nd and 3rd day ofCpx administration. Samples of blood, intestinal and hepatic tissuesand faeces were collected after three days of treatment, two hoursafter the last Cpx administration. Cpx concentrations were deter minedby microbiological assay (agar-well diffusion method, K. pneumoniae,Isosensistest agar).Results: reported in the table as mean+SDAfter three days of Itz administration the levels of Cpx increasedsignificantly in liver and faeces (not significantly) while decreased inserum (1/4 positive samples) and intestinal tissues. The administrationof Itz for 2 days in rats in treatment with Cpx induced a significantincrease of Cpx serum levels, a reduction of intestinal levels and amarked decrease in faeces in comparison to Cpx alone.Drugs Serum (mg/L) Intestinaltissue(mg/kg)Liver(mg/kg)Faeces(mg/kg)Cpx 0.05±0.01 (5/5) 10.4±12.2 0.0±0.0 231.6±279.9Cpx + Itz 3 days 0.06 (1/5) 4.2±2.7 1.0±0.3** 367.3±264.9Cpx + Itz 2nd-3rd d 0.2±0.2* (5/5) 7.2±2.4 0.0±0.0 111.8±29.7*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 Students t test versus Cpx aloneConclusions: These preliminary results suggest a possible involvementof Itz on the intestinal secretory mechanisms of Cpx and changes inthe enterohepatic circulation. The inhibitory effects of Itz on the Cpxintestinal pharmacokinetics seems different according to timing of Itzadministration.MIUR PRIN 2003-Prot. N. 2003051858_00

    Slaying the MEAP Monster

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    Richardson, Barbauld, and the construction of an early modern fan club

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    MPhilMuch has been written about the life and long works of the eighteenth century epistolary novelist, Samuel Richardson, but the prospect of his position as the first celebrity novelist – responsible for courting his own fame as well as initiating his own fan club – has largely been ignored. The body of manuscripts housed at the National Art Library in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London provides the modern scholar with evidence of the skeletal beginnings of an early fan club. This thesis aims to show how these manuscripts were turned into a saleable commodity by the publisher and entrepreneur Richard Phillips, while under the guiding hand of another, slightly later, literary celebrity, Anna Laetitia Barbauld. In order to restore Richardson’s reputation amongst a new nineteenth century audience, Barbauld was required to construct her own idea of him as an eighteenth century celebrity author, and in doing so the insecurities of a self-professed, apparently diffident man, are revealed. Barbauld’s capacious, but heavily edited selection of letters is analyzed in this thesis, providing ample evidence that Richardson’s correspondents were more than just eager letter writers. By using Barbauld’s biography of Richardson this thesis aims to show how she manipulates the genre of life writing in her construction of him. This thesis offers an alternative reading of how the Richardson manuscripts are viewed, redefining them as not simply a collection of letters, but as a collective entity, deliberately selected and archived as evidence of an early modern fan club, and its celebrity managing director

    Selection of work by Anna Gerber

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    Various journals and magazines Anna Gerber has contributed to. Anna Gerber is a graphic designer and writer based in London. She is the author and designer of All Messed Up: Unpredictable Graphics (Laurence King, 2004) and co-editor and co-designer of Influences: A Lexicon of Contemporary Graphic Design (Die Gestalten Verlag, 2006) with Anja Lutz. She writes regularily for magazines such as Print, Eye, Creative Review, Varoom and Idea Magazine and her work has also been published in shift!, dot dot dot and +rosebud. She teaches at the London College of Communication on the BA Graphic Design and MA Design Writing Criticism programmes. She has also held workshops and lectures across the U.K. (including Tate Modern and the V&A Museum), as well as in India, the U.S., Australia and Malaysia. Anna Gerber is currently engaged in research and developing projects relating to sustainability and how it applies to graphic design as well as exploring contemporary graphic design in India

    Supplementary_Table – Supplemental material for Is Period3 Genotype Associated With Sleep and Recovery in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness?

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    Supplemental material, Supplementary_Table for Is Period3 Genotype Associated With Sleep and Recovery in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness? by Gloria Bedini, Anna Bersano, Davide Rossi Sebastiano, Davide Sattin, Francesca Ciaraffa, Valentina Tosetti, Greta Brenna, Silvana Franceschetti, Emilio Ciusani, Matilde Leonardi, Jesus Vela-Gomez, Giorgio B. Boncoraglio and Eugenio A. Parati in Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair </p

    A "Labyrinth of Linkages" in Tolstoy's "Anna Karenina"

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    The renowned Russian writer Leo Tolstoy created a realistic masterpiece in Anna Karenina (1878). In the same work, moreover, he utilized allegory and symbol to an extent and at a level of sophistication unknown in his other works. In Browning’s study, the author identifies and analyzes previously unnoticed or only briefly mentioned “linkages and keystones” found in two highly developed clusters of symbols, arising from Anna’s momentous train ride and peasant nightmares, and of allegories, rooted in Vronsky’s disastrous steeplechase. Within this labyrinth of symbol and allegory lies embedded much of the novel’s most significant meaning. This study will be of particular interest to students and scholars of Russian literature, Tolstoy, symbol, allegory, structuralism, and moral criticism
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