1,720,971 research outputs found
Female incest offenders
No full textSexual offending is generally regarded as a typically male phenomenon. This is reflected in the fact that research on female sexual offenders is scarce: the majority of the studies focus on men. This entry on female incest offenders will provide an overview of the methodological issues that emerge while studying this offender group. Furthermore, the prevalence rates of female sexual offenders, their offender and offense characteristics, and the recidivism rates and respective risk predictors will be described
Drug courts that serve mostly Hispanics may benefit from having a bilingual judge
No full textThere are now more than 3,000 drug courts in the US, which aim to promote treatment rather than punishment for nonviolent offenders. While drug courts have been found to be effective in reducing drug use for participants in general, there is less evidence of how well they work for certain groups. In new research Kelly Frailing examines the effectiveness of a drug court for Hispanic participants, finding that the ability to speak Spanish with the judge was rated very highly in terms of services offered by the court
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Sexual Predator Laws
No full textSexually violent predator laws allow the state to lock men and women away indefinitely after they have completed their maximum prison sentence. The US Constitution bars punishing someone twice for the same crime, but the Supreme Court has upheld civil commitment laws if they are locking up persons who are mentally ill and dangerous. A closer examination shows that so‐called sexually violent predators may be neither mentally ill nor dangerous, which undermines the entire constitutional justification for these laws
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Overcoming biases against people with mental illness and offenders with mental illness
No full textPeople with mental illness and offenders with mental illness are among the most maligned groups in society. Biases against these groups fuel stigmatization, which is a principal barrier to seeking treatment, and those with serious and untreated mental illness are more likely to have contact with the criminal justice system. In fact, there are so many people with mental illness in the criminal justice system in the United States that this system has become the de facto provider of mental health services. As a result, it has become necessary to include education on issues relevant to people with mental illness and offenders with mental illness in criminal justice curricula. This chapter reports on efforts to overcome student biases against people with mental illness and offenders with mental illness in the classroom setting. Results reveal that at the conclusion of an elective course on offenders with mental illness, students had significantly more positive perceptions of both people with mental illness and offenders with mental illness than they did at the beginning. These results are encouraging. It has become the job of criminal justice faculty to effectively educate the next generation of practitioners and academics to be prepared for and to devise ways to overcome the many challenges offenders with mental illness pose to the criminal justice system (and vice versa) and more positive attitudes toward people with mental illness and offenders with mental illness are a crucial first part of this process
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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