92 research outputs found
Examining the Notion of Informed Consent and Lessons Learned for Increasing Inclusion Among Marginalised Research Groups
No full textThis chapter examines some of the barriers to obtaining informed consent to participate in research studies from those who are deemed vulnerable, disadvantaged, marginalised and underrepresented in research. First, the chapter examines the underlying principles of informed consent, before examining the challenges presented by formalised and regulated informed consent procedures in contexts in which data collection processes are fluid and potential research participants have differing needs. Finally, the chapter examines the notions of trust and researcher responsibility and their significance for negotiating and maintaining a non-formalised form of consent. We argue that these procedures serve to enhance, rather than diminish, participant autonomy.In order to illustrate the challenges and solutions of obtaining informed consent, we present research carried out with a group of predominately African migrants aged 50 and older, and living with HIV in a socio-economically disadvantaged area of East London, UK. We examine the challenges presented by utilising standardised, informed consent procedures, by which respondents to an anonymous questionnaire and participants in a series of focus group discussions were required to give written and signed consent. The case study illustrates how underlying assumptions about the nature and acceptability of approaches to verifying consent for research participation can exclude or include participation from populations who are typically excluded for research. Here, adults with uncertain immigration status, poor literacy, poor English language, poor mental and physical health, felt stigmatised or suspicious of the consenting requirements. Drawing on our experiences, we argue that the model of written informed consent, in some cases can and where possible, should be exchanged for other forms of informed consent such as implied consent in order to include groups that we often know the least about, such as marginalised groups
Vestiges, part I & Nena and Anita vs. the powers of darkness, part I
No full textIn Vestiges, the author examines the relationship between her childhood and adolescence in a strict, Pentecostal home and her young adult life and experiences. The author uses humor and compassion to navigate her experiences, from growing up as the daughter of first generation Colombian immigrants in an incredibly controlled religious environment to finding herself at Harvard and through to her current journey as a young mother and writer. Each chapter will be structured as a self-contained essay.
In Nena and Anita vs. The Powers of Darkness, the author introduces us to Nena and Anita, twin sisters who are coming of age in a Pentecostal cult in an urban city. While the world (the 90s/00s) bustles around their home, they live in a sequestered, tightly controlled environment. Their church is particularly invested in the idea of spiritual warfare. The church’s obsession with purity and holiness culture also means that the girl’s budding sexuality and womanhood is perceived and treated as a threat. One Sunday morning, a visitor arrives in their church who changes everything. Not only does the visitor awaken the girls to their potential, sending them tumbling into their individual explorations of their own gender and sexuality, she also blesses/curses them with the gift of spiritual sight. Suddenly able to see the demons that lurk in their own home and church, the girls set out to exorcise their turf only to discover that the powers of darkness are not what they appear to be.M.F.A.Includes bibliographical reference
Rancang Bangun Website E-Commerce Kustomisasi Pemesanan Produk Handicraft (Studi Kasus : UMKM Nena Namo)
No full textUsaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah Nena Namo merupakan kerajinan unggulan handicraft yang memanfaatkan karung goni dan kain blaco sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan produknya. UMKM Nena Namo juga mempunyai keunikan lain yang menjadikan produk buatannya memiliki ciri khas yaitu desain motif yang di lukis secara manual menggunakan tangan. Produk handicraft yang dipasarkan beraneka ragam seperti tas, dompet, kotak tisu, sapu tangan, tudung saji, kotak pensil, taplak meja dan lain sebagainya. Mekanisme penjualan pada UMKM Nena Namo saat ini hanya sebatas customer memesan melalui sms dan telepon atau datang langsung ke rumah produksi UMKM Nena Namo.
Melihat kondisi terkini proses bisnis UMKM Nena Namo dan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi informasi, mendorong penulis untuk merancang website e-commerce yang dapat membantu menyederhanakan proses bisnis dan membuatnya lebih cepat dan efisisen. Mengingat keunikan atau ciri khas dari produk handicraft UMKM Nena Namo adalah terletak pada desain lukisnya, maka website e-commerce ini akan dilengkapi dengan fitur kustomisasi untuk membuat desain. Pada fitur tersebut nantinya akan disediakan satu halaman khusus untuk mendesain produk sesuai keinginan customer. Pembuatan website e-commerce menggunakan bahasa pemrograman php dan framework CodeIgniter (CI). Metode pengembangan perangkat lunak yang digunakan sebagai acuan kerja adalah metode Waterfall. Website e-commerce UMKM Nena Namo juga dilengkapi dengan sms gateway, sehingga penjual maupun pembeli bisa mendapatkan informasi transaksi melalui sms.
Produk akhir yang dihasilkan dalam tugas akhir ini adalah website e-commerce UMKM Nena Namo yang dilengkapi dengan fitur kustomisasi untuk mendesain produk secara langsung pada website dan customer mendapatkan informasi transaksi pembelian melalui sms.
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Nena Namo is a leading handicraft micro small medium entreprise (MSME), which utilizes burlap sack and blaco fabrics as the main materials of its products. Nena Namo’s other uniqueness is it produces homemade product designs which are manually painted by hands. A wide range of handicrafts are marketed by the entreprise, including bags, wallets, tissue boxes, handkerchiefs, pencil boxes, and tableclothes. The mechanism of sales implemented at Nena Namo is currently limited by receiving consumers’ orders via short message service (SMS) and phonecall, as well as from buyers who directly purchase in Nena Namo’s production house.
Regarding the latest condition of Nena Namo and the rapid development of information technology, has encouraged author to design an e-commerce webiste in accordance with the business process. Considering that the uniqueness or characteristic of the handicrafts by Nena Namo is in the designs painting, this e-commerce website will be equipped with customization features. On the developed e-commerce website, will be provided a special page to design products according to consumers’ desires. The e-commerce website will employ php programming language and Code Igniter (CI) framework. The reference used in the software development is Waterfall method. Nena Namo’s e-commerce site also works based on SMS gateway, therefore sellers and buyers can access transaction informations through SMS.
The final outcome generated in this final project is an e-commerce website equipped with customization feature, where the consumers can design their own Nena Namo’s handicrafts, directly from the website. Besides, buyers can obtain necessary purchasing transaction informations through SMS as this website works based on SMS gateway
«Abuelos de negra estirpe». Cuerpo, oralidad e identidad en María Teresa Ramírez, María Elcina Valencia y Nena Cantillo
No full textThe term “Afro-Colombian literature” refers to a concept under construction for which each author contributes their particular vision. In this paper, we promote a dialogue with three authors who share the place of enunciation of the black woman: María Teresa Ramírez (1944) in La noche de mi piel, María Elcina Valencia (1963) in Pentagrama de pasión, and Nena Cantillo (1981) in Aquella noche con Winnie the Pooh. We choose three axes: body, orality and identity. Regarding the body, in the three books the woman is associated with nature, although it varies greatly in the relationship with the male body. Orality is very present in the three works, although in different ways: connection with ancestral songs, with the sounds of nature and with the colloquial speech of the city, respectively. In terms of identity, we find great differences between Ramírez's pan-Africanist vision, Valencia's ecosophy and Cantillo's radical openness. In the conclusions, we discuss the variety of approaches, the possible causes and the richness that they contribute to the concept of “Afro-Colombianity”.El término «poesía afrocolombiana» se refiere a un concepto en construcción para el que cada autor aporta su visión particular. En el presente artículo, establecemos un diálogo con tres autoras que comparten el lugar de enunciación de la mujer negra: María Teresa Ramírez (1944) en La noche de mi piel, María Elcina Valencia (1963) en Pentagrama de pasión y Nena Cantillo (1981) en Aquella noche con Winnie the Pooh. Para ello, trabajamos en torno a tres ejes: cuerpo, oralidad e identidad. Respecto al cuerpo, en los tres libros la mujer se asocia a la naturaleza, aunque varía mucho en la vinculación con el cuerpo masculino. La oralidad está muy presente en las tres obras, pero en diferentes formas: conexión con cantos ancestrales, con los sonidos de la naturaleza y con el habla coloquial de la urbe, respectivamente. En cuanto a la identidad, encontramos grandes diferencias entre la visión panafricanista de Ramírez, la ecosofía de Valencia y la apertura radical de Cantillo. En las conclusiones, discutimos la variedad de enfoques, las posibles causas y la riqueza que aportan para el concepto de «afrocolombianidad»
Dr. Dimitrije Radulović, pioneer in the field of sports medicine - life, work, and achievements
No full textIn the historiography of Serbian medicine, there is little data on the life and work of Dr. Dimitrije Radulović. He belonged to the first generation of Serbian doctors of the 19th century. He was born in 1814, in Bela Crkva, completed his studies of medicine in Pest, where he received his title Doctor of Medicine. After Pest, he went to Vienna, where he specialized in obstetrics. Among Serbs, he was the author of the first work in the field which we today call sports medicine. With this work, as well as with his later work, he established important foundations of sports medicine among the Serbian people. He was the first to write about the importance of physical exercise and the impact of different sports on the physical development of children, adolescents, and adults, thus contributing to the definition of optimal physical activity and hygienic-dietary regimes. His goal was to preserve and improve health, i.e. to improve the prevention and curative of various diseases and injuries, as well as the rehabilitation of patients
Examining the notion of informed consent and lessons learned for increasing inclusion among marginalised research groups
No full textThis chapter examines some of the barriers to obtaining informed consent to participate in research studies from those who are deemed vulnerable, disadvantaged, marginalised and underrepresented in research. First, the chapter examines the underlying principles of informed consent, before examining the challenges presented by formalised and regulated informed consent procedures in contexts in which data collection processes are fluid and potential research participants have differing needs. Finally, the chapter examines the notions of trust and researcher responsibility and their significance for negotiating and maintaining a non-formalised form of consent. We argue that these procedures serve to enhance, rather than diminish, participant autonomy. In order to illustrate the challenges and solutions of obtaining informed consent, we present research carried out with a group of predominately African migrants aged 50 and older, and living with HIV in a socio-economically disadvantaged area of East London, UK. We examine the challenges presented by utilising standardised, informed consent procedures, by which respondents to an anonymous questionnaire and participants in a series of focus group discussions were required to give written and signed consent. The case study illustrates how underlying assumptions about the nature and acceptability of approaches to verifying consent for research participation can exclude or include participation from populations who are typically excluded for research. Here, adults with uncertain immigration status, poor literacy, poor English language, poor mental and physical health, felt stigmatised or suspicious of the consenting requirements. Drawing on our experiences, we argue that the model of written informed consent, in some cases can and where possible, should be exchanged for other forms of informed consent such as implied consent in order to include groups that we often know the least about, such as marginalised groups
Newspaper reporting on schizophrenia: A content analysis of five national newspapers at two time points
No full textAim: This study aimed to assess change in the quality of reporting of schizophrenia in UK national daily newspapers, comparing 1996 with 2005.Methods: Five newspapers were searched using the PROQUEST database for articles published in 1996 or 2005 which contained the term 'schizo...'. 1196 articles were identified and rated against indicators of poor quality reporting. Derived from guidelines for media reporting on mental health the indicators were: metaphoric use of schizophrenia terms; use of stigmatising descriptors; use of equating descriptors; not including information putting the risk of violence into perspective in articles about violence; and use of the term 'release(d)' in articles about discharge from psychiatric hospital.Results: More recent year of publication was associated with a decrease in the odds of an article using a schizophrenia term metaphorically by a factor of 0.103 (95% CI 0.014-0.776), but this masked a pattern of decreasing use in broadsheets and increasing use in tabloids. The use of equating descriptors was significantly lower in 2005 in the univariate analysis (p<0.001), but this was no longer significant (p=0.558) when confounding variables were controlled for. There was no significant change in the use of stigmatising descriptors; the non-inclusion of information putting risk of violence into perspective, nor in the use of the term I release(d)'.Conclusions: There is little evidence that the quality of reporting of schizophrenia has changed over time. This suggests a need for the implementation of effective measures to bring newspaper reporting in line with current guidelines. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p
Public Health Capacity Building in Times of Austerity:A Case Study From the University of East London
No full textWhen Effective Stakeholder Alignment Actions Are Carried Out, Within Infrastructure Projects: A single case study at Schiphol Landside Infrastructure
No full textIn infrastructure construction projects, stakeholder alignment is an important factor that contributes to project success and prevents excessive delays. Literature shows that it is known how to align stakeholders and what to do, however, when to carry out those actions, it not yet clear. This research contributes to that knowledge gap by analysing the Landside Infrastructure project of Schiphol as a single case study. Interviews with project stakeholders, project documents and field observations were used to collect data in order to develop a model.Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineerin
The fast track to flexibility in public procurement: An exploratory study on institutional design concepts for the Dutch Railways using a morphological chart
No full textFast developing technology offers many opportunities for innovation and optimization in the public domain. However this sector is bound to European directives on public procurement transposed into national law and therefore bound to the mandatory procurement of, among others, their assets. This legislation provides a limiting framework in which, after awarding the contract, little room for design adjustments is perceived to be left. As a result assets, especially with long-term procurement processes, are not in accordance with current technological development. The limited amount of literature on this subject provides mitigation in very specific cases, but no overview of flexibilities in the procurement process exists, which is therefore the objective of this research. The Dutch railway sector was used as context of this research and since most process design choices are made by the procurer, the Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) [Dutch Railways]. First, the current process was mapped out using the functional modelling technique IDEF0 based on which a first identification of flexibilities was performed. Subsequently, a first version of a morphological chart (MC) was made. This is a product design tool, in this research used, tested and validated for institutional design, as a parallel research focus supporting the exploration of flexibilities. The MC was developed and validated on its content as well as its use as institutional design tool. Additionally, validated trends were identified in the combination of flexibility aspects, followed by the exploration of a future institutional design for the NS. During this research four additional construction rules for the MC were found, being (1) within scope of action, (2) readability, (3) abstraction level and (4) informational value, for which a variety of practical solutions are suggested. These were adhered to in the developed MC and resulted in the validation of this tool to be useful as systematic, substantiated and concrete guidance in the discussion of process design. Using these developed conditions for the MC enabled identification and representation of aspects enhancing flexibility, being split into three chapters being Product, Contract and Market Approach. Validated conceptual designs enhancing flexibility were created by combining different fragments of solutions into one conceptual design. Six of these were created, one being the “traditional” procurement, four were based on collaborative practices and the last was based on the product to be part of a network. These four conceptual designs based on collaboration focused on: a partnership for the separate development of innovation, international collaboration and supplier-procurer collaboration of a light and more extensive degree. Applying this to the case of the NS shows that separate innovation and extensive collaboration are perceived to be most suitable as starting point of their future procurement design. Altogether it can be concluded that commencing a shift from a vertical to a horizontal approach within the buyer-supplier interaction is essential, placing greater importance on formalizing the partnership rather than specifying precise outcomes. The required redesign for enhanced flexibility to intermediate design changes in public procurement processes can be obtained by using the developed MC as guidance for discussion on the process design...Complex Systems Engineering and Management (CoSEM
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