1,720,963 research outputs found
Optimization of solar energy use with a dynamic integrated photovoltaic shading device
No full textIntegrasjon av solceller på bygningskroppen har fått stadig økende oppmerksomhet de siste tiårene. Strengere krav til energieffektivitet har fremmet utviklingen av nye produkter, som har mulighet til å løse flere problemer samtidig. Denne masteravhandlingen skal ta for seg potensialet ved bruk av solceller med integrerte solavskjerming( PVSDs), ved å foreslå en metode som kan vurdere fordeler ved bruk av dynamisk solavskjerming fremfor statisk. Analysene vil bli foretatt for forskjellige tidskarakteriseringer i tillegg til lokasjoner med ulik breddegrad. Optimaliseringen gjennomføres gjennom en MOO-tilnærming (multi-objective optimiastion), der målet er å redusere totalt energiforbruk og at samtidig tilstrekkelig dagslys blir opprettholdt. Testene er gjennomført i et enkelt kontor med solavskjermings anordning på to vinduer som er orientert mot sør. Resultatet fra studien viser en generell forbedring for alle breddegrader ved bruk av et dynamisk system, spesielt der det er økning i tidskarakteristikken gjennom året. Funnene som vekker størst oppsikt er ved lavere breddegrader, der nivået på optimaliseringen kan nå opp mot 20%. Simuleringsprogrammet Ladybug for Grashopper har blitt benyttet, fra geometriskapning til energisimuleringer. Målet med denne masteravhandlingen har vært å åpne opp for vider utvikling for PVSDs, samt undersøke hovedtrekkene ved å ta i bruk dynamiske systemer
Optimization of solar energy use with a dynamic integrated photovoltaic shading device
Get PDFIntegrasjon av solceller på bygningskroppen har fått stadig økende oppmerksomhet de siste tiårene. Strengere krav til energieffektivitet har fremmet utviklingen av nye produkter, som har mulighet til å løse flere problemer samtidig. Denne masteravhandlingen skal ta for seg potensialet ved bruk av solceller med integrerte solavskjerming( PVSDs), ved å foreslå en metode som kan vurdere fordeler ved bruk av dynamisk solavskjerming fremfor statisk. Analysene vil bli foretatt for forskjellige tidskarakteriseringer i tillegg til lokasjoner med ulik breddegrad. Optimaliseringen gjennomføres gjennom en MOO-tilnærming (multi-objective optimiastion), der målet er å redusere totalt energiforbruk og at samtidig tilstrekkelig dagslys blir opprettholdt. Testene er gjennomført i et enkelt kontor med solavskjermings anordning på to vinduer som er orientert mot sør. Resultatet fra studien viser en generell forbedring for alle breddegrader ved bruk av et dynamisk system, spesielt der det er økning i tidskarakteristikken gjennom året. Funnene som vekker størst oppsikt er ved lavere breddegrader, der nivået på optimaliseringen kan nå opp mot 20%. Simuleringsprogrammet Ladybug for Grashopper har blitt benyttet, fra geometriskapning til energisimuleringer. Målet med denne masteravhandlingen har vært å åpne opp for vider utvikling for PVSDs, samt undersøke hovedtrekkene ved å ta i bruk dynamiske systemer.The integration of photovoltaics on the buildings’ envelopes is getting increasing attention in the last few decades. Stringent energy regulations have led to the development of new products, responding to multiple functions simultaneously. This thesis investigates the potential of photovoltaic integrated shading devices (PVSDs), by proposing a methodology to assess the advantages of a dynamic shading system over a static one, for different time characterisations and latitudes. The optimisation is carried out through a multi-objective optimisation (MOO) approach, having as objectives the reduction of total energy consumption and an adequate level or internal natural daylight. A simple office room, with the shading devices installed on the two south-oriented windows, is used as test geometry to perform the analysis. The study demonstrates an overall improvement at every latitude by adopting a dynamic system, especially when the frequency of changes in the orientation of the system increase along the year. The most remarkable results are visible at lower latitudes, where levels of optimisation higher than 20% are obtained. The entire study, from the geometry creation to the energy and daylight simulations, was conducted inside the Grasshopper environment, using the Ladybug Tools as software packages. The final aim of the thesis is to contribute to broadening the potentialities on PVSDs, as well as drawing general outlines, valid when considering the adoption of a dynamic system of this kind
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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