311 research outputs found
È cambiato qualcosa nelle indicazioni all’ablazione con radioiodio del residuo tiroideo nel carcinoma differenziato della tiroide?
No full textCorrection to: Size‐Dependent Enforcement, Tax Evasion and Dimensional Trap
No full textThe article “Size‐Dependent Enforcement, Tax Evasion and Dimensional Trap”, written by Raffaella Coppier, Elisabetta Michetti and Luisa Scaccia, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 05 July 2023 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 24 February 2024 to © The Author(s) 2024 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made
The Combination of Sonographic Features and the Seven-Gene Panel May be Useful in the Management of Thyroid Nodules With Indeterminate Cytology
No full textIntroduction: The management of patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules, which account for 10–25% of thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs), is still very challenging. Aim: To verify the utility of the seven-gene panel in combination with ultrasound features in the clinical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules. Results: The study group included 188 indeterminate thyroid nodules, divided into TIR3A (56.4%) and TIR3B (43.6%). A significant correlation between US categories and both cytological and molecular results was observed. In detail, TIR3B cytology was more frequent in EU-TIRADS 4 and 5 nodules (54.7 and 50%, respectively) than in EU-TIRADS 2 and 3 nodules (31%, p = 0.04). Similarly, the rate of a nodule with a mutation increased with the increase of US risk class (6.0% in EU-TIRADS 2 and 3, 9.3% in EUTIRADS-4 and 27.8% in EUTIRAD-5, p = 0.01). Among thyroid nodules submitted to surgery, final histology was benign in 61.4% nodules, while malignancy was diagnosed in 38.6% nodules. Using US score as tool for decision-making in TIR3A subgroup, we correctly classified 64.5% of thyroid nodules. The second tool (seven-gene panel test) was used in the subgroup of US high-risk nodules. By multiple tests with a series approach (US in all cases and US plus seven-gene panel in US high risk nodules) 84% of cases were correctly classified. In TIR3B nodules, using only seven-gene panel as tool for decision making, we correctly classified 61.9% of indeterminate nodules. By multiple tests with series approach (seven-gene panel in all cases and seven-gene panel plus US score in non-mutated nodules) only a slight improvement of thyroid nodule classification (66.6%) was observed. Conclusions: US score seems able to correctly discriminate between TIR3A nodules in which a conservative approach may be used, and those in which additional test, such as molecular test, may be indicated. On the contrary, in TIR3B nodules both US risk stratification and seven-gene panel seem to be of little use, because the risk of thyroid cancer remains high regardless of US score and mutational status. © Copyright © 2021 Capezzone, Cantara, Di Santo, Sagnella, Pilli, Brilli, Ciuoli, Maino, Forleo, Cartocci and Castagna
Role of age at diagnosis in defining potential familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer in kindreds with two affected members
No full textContext
The definition of familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) in 2 or more first-degree relatives is controversial due to the high probability of observing a sporadic association when only 2 members of first-degree relatives are affected.
Objective
To evaluate the role of age at diagnosis in differentiating the true cases of FNMTC.
Design, Setting, Participants, and Main Outcome
From a group of 721 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients, 95 familial PTC (FPTC) patients with 2 first-degree relatives have been identified. They were split in 2 groups: Group 1 consisted of both the proband and the affected relative, with age at diagnosis ≤ 45 years; Group 2 consisted of proband and/or the affected family member, with age at diagnosis > 45 years. The clinical-pathological features and outcome of both FPTC groups were compared with 626 sporadic PTC patients (SPTC).
Results
Familial PTC patients with age at diagnosis ≤ 45 years, compared with the matched group of sporadic PTCs, had a more frequent multifocal, bilateral, and extrathyroidal extension of tumor and showed worse outcome. No differences were found between FPTC and SPTC patients with age > 45 years. At multivariate analysis, distant metastases, American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk, and FPTC ≤ 45 years were independent predictors of outcome.
Conclusions
Based on the observation that PTC is more aggressive when the diagnosis is made in 2 family members, both with age < 45years, we suggest that the definition of FPTC in kindreds with 2 affected members should also take into account the age at diagnosis as a key element of familial cancer.
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved
Bariatric surgery reduces serum anti-mullerian hormone levels in obese women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome
No full textObesity in fertile women has negative effect on fertility. Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)represents a good index of fertility, and it is considered a marker of ovarian reserve and of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) gravity. Previous studies evaluated the relationship between obesity and AMH with contradictory results. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and AMH and the changes of AMH in obese women in reproductive age submitted to bariatric surgery. Fifty-five obese patients between 18 and 39 years with (29 patients) and without PCOS (26 patients) were compared with a control group of normal weight women with (24 patients) and without PCOS (19 patients). Fourteen obese women with PCOS and 18 without PCOS underwent to bariatric surgery. Serum AMH, testosterone, androstenedione, and DHEAS were performed in all patients before and 1 year after surgical intervention. AMH was significantly higher in the PCOS groups (p < 0.001), both in obese (5.84 ± 3.94 ng/ml) and non-obese women (7.35 ± 4.39 ng/ml). AMH was positively related to testosterone (p < 0.0001), androstenedione (p = 0.0005), and DHEAS(p=0.003).After bariatric surgery, AMH levels were reduced in the both PCOS (p = 0.02) and non-PCOS group (p = 0.04). AMH levels are elevated in PCOS patients regardless of the body weight. Bariatric surgery is effective in the normalization of AMH levels (a possible indirect marker of better fertility) only in obese patients with PCOS
A spatial cross-sectional analysis of political trends in Italian municipalities
No full textThe aim of this paper is to detect mimicking behaviour in the tax setting of local governments which share similar political ideology. We conduct an empirical investigation of municipalities' cross-sectional data of the Marche region using spatial econometrics models. Discriminating between several sources of fiscal interaction, empirical evidence suggests that municipalities governed by the same coalition tend to implement similar tax rates according to their ideology. Copyright (c) 2008 the author(s). Journal compilation (c) 2008 RSAI.
Pendenza anomala di processi arbitrali ed estinzione del processo per inattività delle parti
No full textThe Author analyes two italian judgments concerning both arbitral proceedings pending for a long time without any activit
“Noi abbiamo visto tante città, abbiamo un’altra cultura”. Servizio domestico, migrazioni e identità di genere in Italia: uno sguardo di lungo periodo
No full textAbstract
The article aims to show both long-term continuities and the transformation of domestic service in Italy during the 19th and 20th century. Firstly, the article shows that, today, domestic workers are possibly more numerous than a century ago, and it explains why Italian families seek private solutions (such as hiring a domestic worker) to the problem of reconciling reproductive and productive labour. The gap between "rich" and "poor" countries as well as Italian migration policy make this choice possible, because they make working in Italy as a domestic worker "attractive" for many migrants and employing a foreigner advantageous for Italian families. A further consequence is that there are a considerable number of men among migrant domestic workers: their arrival has contributed to a certain "re-masculinisation" of domestic personnel. The reasons for the feminisation of domestic service in the 19th and 20th centuries are analysed in the second and third section of the paper, where the author also considers the policies developed by servants' associations, the Catholic church and the Italian state. The author investigates the role of demographic and economic factors in stimulating migration and then focuses on two cases characterised by a growing imbalance between rural and urban areas, i.e., the province of Bologna in the 19th century and Italy during the fascist era. The author concludes by noting that domestic service (paradoxically) represented a way for many women to escape misery and become more independent
Delegitimization and US presidential electoral campaigns, 1896-1980
No full textThe essay focuses on delegitimization of one’s political opponent as a discursive strategy in US political elections from 1896 to 1980. Starting with a definition of delegitimization as a means of contesting the legitimacy of the opponent’s aspiration to power by turning him/her into an enemy outside the constitutional perimeter, the author highlights the circumstances that conduced to political delegitimization tactics in US presidential campaigns, as well as the stock themes in use over the various periods
Cooperare nella scuola per costruire comunità. Dimensioni organizzative e culturali, metodologie e strategie operative
No full textThis PhD thesis intends to clear whether and on what conditions a "community school " is possible nowadays.
In the firsts chapter we mainly tried to reconsider and re-define the Community construct, remarking an often overworked use and a polisemantic nature and ambiguity of this word, mainly used as a metaphor than as an analytical concept, due to its various meanings and its ambiguity .
In particular we tried to recover the analysis which, beginning from the end of the 19 th century, was made by some sociologists, to continue up to our time with the present-day debates, which have seen opposition between the liberals and the communitarians positions, especially in the Anglo-Saxon world. While some late eighteenth century have thought of the Community as a stage in the process of the social change showing dominations of the society on the Community, highlighting an evolution of the dicothomes coyle other authors, mainly in more recent times, have pointed out an inherent tendency of the two ideal types to coexist and mix, thinking that the coexistence of community life next to forms of society life is possible.
In the second chapter we tried to underline the educational value of the Community, pointing out, in particular, that the Community value is achieved in educational particularity when the community acts knowingly and intentionally in the training of persons living inside it. First we tried to outline the attempts made in Italy to create an authentic Community school, from the delegates decrees (after the 1968 crisis and the Faure Report) to the school of autonomy of our times (2000). Then, in order to realize a comparison on an international ground, we examined in USA in particular to the experiences of Community school followed and documented by Thomas Sergiovanni, in San Antonio (Texas), in collaboration with the Trinity University. Those experiences, and even more the above-mentioned author, have become the main reference of our study, both from point of view of a the theoretic reflection and from an operating point of view .
In the third chapter we pointed out the pedagogical, methodological and educational choices which are the most consistent with the model and the more suitable for the development of the organizing and cultural dimensions according to which a community school may be declined. A special attention has been paid to the cooperative methods that we considered particularly consistent for organisation in the school activity, in students groups and teachers groups.
In the last chapter we described the experience held with the Childhood Centres of the Cooperative "Insieme Si Può" connected to Foundation "Ispirazione", promoter and supporter of the project. In particular, the aim of the intervention (developed according to the action research approach) was to test some operative instruments to verify, even if empirically, the functionality in order to promote the dimensions according to which the community school is organized. Being aware to undertake a path that couldn’t bring to definite goal, that is to the creation of an authentic community school, we went on considering that goal as an ideal rule toward which to go with which to compare the reality. As regards that goal we tried to give a little contribution to the study of the of the necessary features for a possible project hypothesis.La presente tesi di dottorato si è proposta di chiarire se e a quali condizioni è possibile oggi una “scuola comunità”.
Nel primo capitolo si cerca di fare chiarezza attorno al costrutto di comunità rilevando, a tal proposito, un uso spesso inflazionato e una polisemanticità e ambiguità del termine, spesso usato più come metafora che come concetto analitico. In particolare si è cercato di recuperare l’analisi che, a partire dalla fine del diciannovesimo secolo, è stata realizzata da alcuni sociologi, per proseguire fino ai giorni nostri con i dibattiti contemporanei che hanno visto contrapporsi fra loro le posizioni, soprattutto nel mondo anglosassone, dei liberals e dei communitarians. Se alcuni autori di fine Ottocento hanno pensato alla comunità come ad una tappa del processo di social change che vede l’affermarsi della società sulla comunità evidenziando un carattere evolutivo della coppia dicotomica, altri, soprattutto in tempi più recenti, hanno evidenziato una tendenza intrinseca dei due ideal tipi a coesistere e mescolarsi, ritenendo possibile la coesistenza di vita comunitaria accanto a forme di vita societaria.
Nel secondo capitolo si è tentato di cogliere la valenza pedagogica della comunità, rilevando, in particolare, che il valore comunitario si realizza nella sua peculiarità educativa quando la comunità agisce consapevolmente e intenzionalmente per la formazione delle persone che in essa vivono. Da una parte si è cercato di delineare i tentativi, fatti in Italia, dai Decreti Delegati (dopo la crisi del ’68 e il Rapporto Faure) alla scuola dell’autonomia dei giorni nostri (2000), per la creazione di una comunità scolastica autentica. Dall’altra, allo scopo di realizzare un confronto sul piano internazionale, si è guardato agli Stati Uniti e in particolare alle esperienze di community school seguite e documentate da Thomas Sergiovanni, a San Antonio in Texas in collaborazione con la Trinity University. Tali esperienze, e più ancora tale autore, sono divenuti il riferimento principale del percorso, sia dal punto di vista della riflessione teorica che dal punto di vista operativo.
Nel terzo capitolo sono state messe in rilievo le scelte pedagogiche, metodologiche e didattiche più coerenti con il modello e più adatte allo sviluppo delle dimensioni organizzative e culturali, in cui una scuola comunità può essere declinata. Un particolare approfondimento è stato fatto all’interno del capitolo in merito ai metodi cooperativi ritenuti particolarmente coerenti per l’organizzazione dell’attività in classe e nella scuola, nei gruppi studenti e nei gruppi docenti.
Nell’ultimo capitolo si è descritto l’intervento sul campo che è stato realizzato con i Centri Infanzia della Cooperativa “Insieme Si Può” ,collegata a Fondazione “Ispirazione”, ente promotore e sostenitore del progetto. In particolare, l’obiettivo dell’intervento (sviluppato secondo la metodologia della ricerca azione action research) è stato quello di testare alcuni strumenti operativi per verificarne, anche se in modo empirico, la funzionalità ai fini della promozione delle dimensioni in cui la scuola comunità si declina. Nella consapevolezza di intraprendere un percorso che non poteva portare ad una meta definitiva, e cioè alla creazione di un’autentica scuola comunità si è proceduto considerando tale meta come un ideale regolativo verso cui muovere e con cui comparare la realtà. Rispetto a questa meta si è cercato di dare un piccolo contributo per lo studio delle caratteristiche necessarie ad una possibile ipotesi progettuale
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