1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Structure spatiale de la diversité génétique : influence de la sélection naturelle et d'un environnement hétérogène
No full textThis thesis deals with the spatial structure of genetic diversity. We first study a measure-valued process describing the evolution of the genetic composition of a population subject to natural selection. We show that this process satisfies a central limit theorem and that its fluctuations are given by the solution to a stochastic partial differential equation. We then use this result to obtain an estimate of the drift load in spatially structured populations.Next we investigate the genetic composition of a populations whose individuals move more freely in one part of space than in the other (a situation called dispersal heterogeneity). We show in this case the convergence of allele frequencies via the convergence of ancestral lineages to a system of skew Brownian motions.We then detail the effect of a barrier to gene flow dividing the habitat of a population. We show that ancestral lineages follow partially reflected Brownian motions, of whom we give several constructions.To apply these results, we adapt a method for demographic inference to the setting of dispersal heterogeneity. This method makes use of long blocks of genome along which pairs of individuals share a common ancestry, and allows to estimate several demographic parameters when they vary accross space. To conclude, we demonstrate the accuracy of our method on simulated datasets.Cette thèse porte sur la structure spatiale de la diversité génétique. Dans un premier temps, nous étudions un processus à valeurs mesure décrivant l'évolution de la composition génétique d'une population soumise à la sélection naturelle. Nous montrons que ce processus satisfait un théorème de la limite centrale, et que ses fluctuations sont données par la solution d'une équation aux dérivées partielles stochastique. Nous utilisons ce résultat pour donner une estimation du fardeau de dérive au sein d'une population structurée en espace.Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous intéressons à la composition génétique d'une population lorsque les individus se déplacent plus facilement dans une région de l'espace que dans l'autre (on parle alors de dispersion hétérogène). Nous démontrons dans ce cas la convergence des fréquences alléliques via la convergence des lignées ancestrales vers un système de mouvements browniens de Walsh.Nous détaillons également l'impact d'une barrière géographique traversant l'habitat d'une population sur sa diversité génétique. Nous montrons que les lignées ancestrales décrivent dans ce cas des mouvements browniens partiellement réfléchis, dont nous donnons plusieurs constructions.Dans le but d'appliquer ces travaux, nous adaptons une méthode d'inférence démographique au cas de la dispersion hétérogène. Cette méthode utilise les blocs continus de génome hérités d'un même ancêtre entre les paires d'individus dans l'échantillon et permet d'estimer les caractéristiques démographiques d'une population lorsque celles-ci varient dans l'espace. Pour terminer nous démontrons l'efficacité de notre méthode sur des données simulées
The stepping stone model in a random environment and the effect of local heterogneities on isolation by distance patterns
No full textInternational audienceWe study a one-dimensional spatial population model where the population sizes of the subpopulations are chosen according to a translation invariant and ergodic distribution and are uniformly bounded away from 0 and infinity. We suppose that the frequencies of a particular genetic type in the colonies evolve according to a system of interacting diffusions, following the stepping stone model of Kimura. We show that, over large spatial and temporal scales, this model behaves like the solution to a stochastic heat equation with Wright-Fisher noise with constant coefficients. These coefficients are the effective diffusion rate of genes within the population and the effective local population density. We find that, in our model, the local heterogeneity leads to a slower effective diffusion rate and a larger effective population density than in a uniform population. Our proof relies on duality techniques, an invariance principle for reversible random walks in a random environment and a convergence result for a system of coalescing random walks in a random environment
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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