1,721,017 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Viabilidade econômica da venda de energia elétrica em co-geração sob condições de risco: um estudo de caso
No full textA disponibilidade de energia elétrica, em quantidades suficientes e a preços competitivos, é um fator decisivo para o desenvolvimento econômico. A venda de energia elétrica excedente, produzida em um sistema de co-geração, pode ser vista como uma alternativa para a criação de uma fonte adicional de receita para as empresas do setor sucroalcooleiro, bem como, contribuir para a complementação da matriz elétrica brasileira com fontes renováveis. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade econômica da realização de investimentos para a implantação de uma central de co-geração de energia elétrica, movida a bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, com a finalidade de venda de energia elétrica cogerada excedente a preços de mercado. A empresa objeto deste estudo foi uma usina sucroalcooleira, localizada no Estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se o método do estudo de caso para a avaliando-se o potencial do investimento sob a ótica do VPL, Payback e TIR, complementando-se os resultados com o Resultado Contábil. Foram criados três cenários alternativos para refletir o grau de risco em cada tipo de situação estudada: mais provável, otimista e pessimista, cada qual com suas premissas. A inserção dos elementos de risco do projeto em cada cenário foi realizada com emprego de Simulações de Monte Carlo. A avaliação pelo VPL indicou que no cenário pessimista ocorreram aproximadamente 80% de probabilidades de obtenção de VPL positivo. No cenário mais provável e no otimista, estas probabilidades foram maiores...The availability of the electrical energy, in sufficient quantities and the competitive prices is a crucial factor to the economic development. The sale of the excess electrical energy, produced in a system of cogeneration can be seen as an alternative to the creation of an additional source of revenues for power plants of alcohol sector, besides contributing to the complementation of the Brazilian electrical headquarter with renewable sources. The task has had the aim of evaluating the economic feasibility of the investment achievement to the implementation of a cogeneration electrical central, moved by the excess of bagasse cane sugar focusing on the excess electrical energy sale to prices of the market. The power plant which has been studies was the alcohol plant, located in the state of São Paulo. It has been used the method of study of case, evaluating the potential of the investment under the viewpoint of the Net Present Value (NPV), Payback and Internal Rate of Return (IRR), complementing the results of the Accounting Results (AC). It has been created three alternative scenarios to reflect the level of the risk of every studied situation. The most likely, optimistic and pessimistic, each one with its assumptions. The insertion of the elements of risk of the project in each scenario has been made with the use of Monte Carlo Simulations. The evaluation by NPV has shown that in the pessimist scenario has occurred approximately 80 per cent of the probabilities of the obtention of the positive NPV. On the most likely scenario and also the optimistic, these probabilities have been more than 90 per cent. The analysis on the Payback has shown that the liquid flow discounted of the cash of the product allows the recovery of the invested capital in approximately 5.26 years in the pessimist scenario. In the most likely scenario has... (Complete abstract click electronic access below
Estudo comparativo do desempenho financeiro e social das empresas do setor elétrico brasileiro pós-privatizações no período de 2000 a 2003
No full textA disponibilidade de energia é elemento crucial ao desenvolvimento econômico
das sociedades. No Brasil, em particular, predomina a utilização de energia
elétrica proveniente de fontes hidráulicas, em razão do enorme potencial
hídrico natural existente no país. Desde o início do século XX, o governo
legislava e controlava o setor elétrico como um todo, mantendo toda a estrutura
produtiva sob a forma de monopólio natural, explorando os serviços e cobrando
tarifas pelo uso, prestando relevantes serviços ao desenvolvimento econômico
e social do país. Contudo, à medida que o Estado perdeu sua capacidade de
investimento, adotou-se
a postura predominante no mundo atual, privatizando-se
diversas estruturas produtivas, inclusive o aparato elétrico nacional. Para
isso, providências legais e organizacionais foram tomadas, sendo a
determinação de desverticalização das organizações uma das principais,
criando-se
um ambiente competitivo ainda não consolidado. Este trabalho
consistiu em comparar os níveis de desempenho econômico e social
alcançados pelas empresas públicas e privadas do setor elétrico brasileiro, com
especial enfoque no valor adicionado, a partir das demonstrações financeiras e
sociais elaboradas pelas entidades que operaram nos segmentos de
transmissão, geração e distribuição de energia proveniente de fontes
hidráulicas, entre 2000 e 2003. Os resultados mostraram que as empresas
privadas apresentaram melhor desempenho financeiro, enquanto as públicas
exibiram melhor performance dos seus indicadores sociaisThe availability of energy is a crucial element to the economic
development of societies. In Brazil, in particular, predominate the use of electric
energy that comes from hydraulic sources, because of the huge natural hydric
potential that existing in Brazil.
Since the beginning of the 20 th century, the government legislated
and controlled the electrical sector as a whole, maintaining all the productive
structure by natural monopole, exploring the services and taxing for the use,
doing important services to the economic and social development of the
country. Yet, when the State lost its investment capability, the predominant
attitude nowadays was adopted, promoting the privatization of several
productive structures, including the national electric facility. To do so, legal and
organization measures, were taken, mainly determination of unverticalization of
organization, building a competitive environment not consolidated yet.
This assignment tried to compare the social and economic
performance levels reached by the public and private Brazilian electrical
companies, focusing on the added value, from financial and social
demonstration elaborated by coletive groups that operated on the generation
and distribution of energy from the hydraulic sources, between 2000 and 200
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Determinantes de estrutura de capital de empresas de capital aberto do setor elétrico no Brasil: : uma abordagem baseada na Trade-Off Theory e na Pecking Order Theory
Get PDFThe objective of this work was to evaluate the determinants of capital structure of publicly traded companies in the Brazilian electricity sector, listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange, related to short-term, long-term and general indebtedness. A sample consisting of annual accounting data from 80 private and state-owned companies operating in the Brazilian electricity sector between 2009 and 2019 was collected, using the method of multiple linear regressions, with panel data using fixed effects and random effects. The results showed that the determinants of capital structure, profitability, growth opportunity and liquidity had a behavior better aligned with the POT, while the risk was better explained by the TOT and POT.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os determinantes de estrutura de capital das empresas de capital aberto do setor elétrico brasileiro, listadas na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo, em relação ao endividamento de curto prazo, longo prazo e geral. Foi coletada uma amostra composta por dados contábeis anuais de 80 empresas, privadas e estatais, atuantes no setor elétrico brasileiro entre 2009 e 2019, empregando-se o método de regressões lineares múltiplas, com dados em painel, usando efeitos fixos e efeitos aleatórios. Os resultados apontaram que os determinantes de estrutura de capital lucratividade, oportunidade de crescimento e liquidez tiveram comportamento melhor alinhados à POT, ao passo que o risco se apresentou melhor explicado pela TOT e pela POT
Viabilidade econômica da venda de energia elétrica em co-geração sob condições de risco: um estudo de caso
No full textA disponibilidade de energia elétrica, em quantidades suficientes e a preços competitivos, é um fator decisivo para o desenvolvimento econômico. A venda de energia elétrica excedente, produzida em um sistema de co-geração, pode ser vista como uma alternativa para a criação de uma fonte adicional de receita para as empresas do setor sucroalcooleiro, bem como, contribuir para a complementação da matriz elétrica brasileira com fontes renováveis. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade econômica da realização de investimentos para a implantação de uma central de co-geração de energia elétrica, movida a bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, com a finalidade de venda de energia elétrica cogerada excedente a preços de mercado. A empresa objeto deste estudo foi uma usina sucroalcooleira, localizada no Estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se o método do estudo de caso para a avaliando-se o potencial do investimento sob a ótica do VPL, Payback e TIR, complementando-se os resultados com o Resultado Contábil. Foram criados três cenários alternativos para refletir o grau de risco em cada tipo de situação estudada: mais provável, otimista e pessimista, cada qual com suas premissas. A inserção dos elementos de risco do projeto em cada cenário foi realizada com emprego de Simulações de Monte Carlo. A avaliação pelo VPL indicou que no cenário pessimista ocorreram aproximadamente 80% de probabilidades de obtenção de VPL positivo. No cenário mais provável e no otimista, estas probabilidades foram maiores...The availability of the electrical energy, in sufficient quantities and the competitive prices is a crucial factor to the economic development. The sale of the excess electrical energy, produced in a system of cogeneration can be seen as an alternative to the creation of an additional source of revenues for power plants of alcohol sector, besides contributing to the complementation of the Brazilian electrical headquarter with renewable sources. The task has had the aim of evaluating the economic feasibility of the investment achievement to the implementation of a cogeneration electrical central, moved by the excess of bagasse cane sugar focusing on the excess electrical energy sale to prices of the market. The power plant which has been studies was the alcohol plant, located in the state of São Paulo. It has been used the method of study of case, evaluating the potential of the investment under the viewpoint of the Net Present Value (NPV), Payback and Internal Rate of Return (IRR), complementing the results of the Accounting Results (AC). It has been created three alternative scenarios to reflect the level of the risk of every studied situation. The most likely, optimistic and pessimistic, each one with its assumptions. The insertion of the elements of risk of the project in each scenario has been made with the use of Monte Carlo Simulations. The evaluation by NPV has shown that in the pessimist scenario has occurred approximately 80 per cent of the probabilities of the obtention of the positive NPV. On the most likely scenario and also the optimistic, these probabilities have been more than 90 per cent. The analysis on the Payback has shown that the liquid flow discounted of the cash of the product allows the recovery of the invested capital in approximately 5.26 years in the pessimist scenario. In the most likely scenario has... (Complete abstract click electronic access below
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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