10 research outputs found
Stochastic modeling of the cutting force in turning processes
No full textThe main goal of this study is to introduce a stochastic extension of the already existing cutting force models. It is shown through orthogonal cutting force measurements how stochastic processes based on Gaussian white noise can be used to describe the cutting force in material removal processes. Based on these measurements, stochastic processes were fitted on the variation of the cutting force signals for different cutting parameters, such as cutting velocity, chip thickness, and rake angle. It is also shown that the variance of the measured force signal is usually around 4–9% of the average value, which is orders of magnitudes larger than the noise originating from the measurement system. Furthermore, the force signals have Gaussian distribution; therefore, the cutting force model can be extended by means of a multiplicative noise component
First person - Gergo Szanda
No full textFirst Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Gergo Szanda is the first author on 'Mitochondrial cAMP exerts positive feedback on mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake via the recruitment of Epac1', published in Journal of Cell Science. Gergo is an assistant professor and leads a group at Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, investigating Ca2+ signaling and mitochondrial biology, and the role of endocannabinoids in metabolism. © 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
Thompson isometries on positive operators: The 2-dimensional case
No full textIn this paper, a former result of the first author is completed. The structure is determined of all surjective isometries of the space of invertible positive operators on the 2-dimensional Hilbert space equipped with the Thompson metric or the Hilbert projective metric
The 12 principles of green membrane materials and processes for realizing the United Nations' sustainable development goals
No full textMembrane science and technology has the potential to considerably contribute to most of the United Nations' sustainable development goals. This technology has diverse applications, including in mining, water treatment, healthcare, and space. Membranes directly impact the three pillars of sustainability, namely, the economy, environment, and society. Membrane materials and processes must be developed in line with green chemistry and engineering principles. Herein, the 12 principles of green membrane materials and processes are introduced to encourage and guide scientists, engineers, and practitioners to design, explore, and implement membranes efficiently and sustainably. Moreover, the membrane waste management hierarchy is introduced, and the importance of each principle and priorities for future research are established.The author thanks the survey participants from the membrane community who took the time to contribute and provide feedback. A special thanks goes to Gergo Ignacz for helping with data visualization. The research reported in this publication was supported by the funding received from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Developing diverse ensemble architectures for automatic brain tumor classification
No full textBrain tumors pose a serious threat in our modern society, with a clear increase in global cases each year. Therefore, developing robust solutions that could automatically and reliably detect brain tumors in their early stages is of utmost importance. In our paper, we revisit the problem of building performant ensembles for clinical usage by maximizing the diversity of the member models during the training procedure. We present an improved, more robust, extended version of our framework and propose solutions that could be integrated into a Computer-Aided Diagnosis system to accurately classify some of the most common types of brain tumors: meningioma, glioma, and pituitary tumors. We show that the new framework based on the histogram loss can be seen as a natural extension of the former approach, as it also calculates the inner products of the latent vectors produced by each member to measure similarity, but at the same time, it also makes it possible to capture more complex patterns. We also present several variants of our framework to incorporate member models with varying dimensional feature vectors and to cope with imbalanced datasets. We evaluate our solutions on a clinically tested dataset of 3,064 T1-weighted contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images and show that they greatly outperform other state-of-the-art approaches and the base architectures as well, achieving over 92% accuracy, 92% macro and weighted precision, 91% macro and 92% weighted F1 score, and over 90% macro and 92% weighted sensitivity. © The Author(s) 2024.L
Topological charge distributions of an interacting two-spin system
No full textQuantum systems are often described by parameter-dependent Hamiltonians. Points in parameter space where two levels are degenerate can carry a topological charge. Here we theoretically study an interacting two-spin system where the degeneracy points form a nodal loop or a nodal surface in the magnetic parameter space, similarly to such structures discovered in the band structure of topological semimetals. Key results of our work are that (1) we determine the topological charge distribution along these degeneracy geometries and (2) we show that these nonpointlike degeneracy patterns can be obtained not only by fine-tuning but they can be stabilized by spatial symmetries. Since simple spin systems such as the one studied here are ubiquitous in condensed-matter setups, we expect that our findings, and the physical consequences of these nontrivial degeneracy geometries, are testable in experiments with quantum dots, molecular magnets, and adatoms on metallic surfaces.QRD/Kouwenhoven La
L\u27educazione anglosassone che non ho mai ricevuto
No full textCome scrivere un saggio sulla letteratura? Davanti al giovane studioso di vent’anni fa si aprivano due strade: lo stile accademico, spesso fumoso e pieno di opache espressioni gergali (il gergo della filosofia, quello della scienza, quello della linguistica strutturale); e lo stile della pubblicistica anglosassone, più impressionistico, più legato a una personale esperienza di lettura, ma anche più onesto. Dopo aver assimilato, con fatica, il primo, l’autore di questo articolo ha cercato di avvicinarsi al secondo, riorientando le sue letture e il suo modo di scrivere. L’articolo riflette su questa evoluzione.
How to write an essay on literature? Twenty years ago, a young scholar in the humanities could follow two paths: the academic style, often airy and replete with opaque jargon expressions (those of philosophy, of science, of structural linguistics); and the style of Anglo-Saxon essay-writing, this being more impressionistic, more focused on a personal reading experience, and yet more honest. After having distressingly assimilated the former model, the author of this article has thrived to draw near the latter, reorienting both his readings and writing manner. In the following pages, he reflects on such evolution.
PAROLE CHIAVE
Saggistica anglosassone; Gore Vidal; Robert Silvers; riviste; «New York Review of Books»; feticci del pensiero; ideologie.Come scrivere un saggio sulla letteratura? Davanti al giovane studioso di vent’anni fa si aprivano due strade: lo stile accademico, spesso fumoso e pieno di opache espressioni gergali (il gergo della filosofia, quello della scienza, quello della linguistica strutturale); e lo stile della pubblicistica anglosassone, più impressionistico, più legato a una personale esperienza di lettura, ma anche più onesto. Dopo aver assimilato, con fatica, il primo, l’autore di questo articolo ha cercato di avvicinarsi al secondo, riorientando le sue letture e il suo modo di scrivere. L’articolo riflette su questa evoluzione.
How to write an essay on literature? Twenty years ago, a young scholar in the humanities could follow two paths: the academic style, often airy and replete with opaque jargon expressions (those of philosophy, of science, of structural linguistics); and the style of Anglo-Saxon essay-writing, this being more impressionistic, more focused on a personal reading experience, and yet more honest. After having distressingly assimilated the former model, the author of this article has thrived to draw near the latter, reorienting both his readings and writing manner. In the following pages, he reflects on such evolution.
PAROLE CHIAVE
Saggistica anglosassone; Gore Vidal; Robert Silvers; riviste; «New York Review of Books»; feticci del pensiero; ideologie.Come scrivere un saggio sulla letteratura? Davanti al giovane studioso di vent’anni fa si aprivano due strade: lo stile accademico, spesso fumoso e pieno di opache espressioni gergali (il gergo della filosofia, quello della scienza, quello della linguistica strutturale); e lo stile della pubblicistica anglosassone, più impressionistico, più legato a una personale esperienza di lettura, ma anche più onesto. Dopo aver assimilato, con fatica, il primo, l’autore di questo articolo ha cercato di avvicinarsi al secondo, riorientando le sue letture e il suo modo di scrivere. L’articolo riflette su questa evoluzione.
How to write an essay on literature? Twenty years ago, a young scholar in the humanities could follow two paths: the academic style, often airy and replete with opaque jargon expressions (those of philosophy, of science, of structural linguistics); and the style of Anglo-Saxon essay-writing, this being more impressionistic, more focused on a personal reading experience, and yet more honest. After having distressingly assimilated the former model, the author of this article has thrived to draw near the latter, reorienting both his readings and writing manner. In the following pages, he reflects on such evolution.
PAROLE CHIAVE
Saggistica anglosassone; Gore Vidal; Robert Silvers; riviste; «New York Review of Books»; feticci del pensiero; ideologie.Come scrivere un saggio sulla letteratura? Davanti al giovane studioso di vent’anni fa si aprivano due strade: lo stile accademico, spesso fumoso e pieno di opache espressioni gergali (il gergo della filosofia, quello della scienza, quello della linguistica strutturale); e lo stile della pubblicistica anglosassone, più impressionistico, più legato a una personale esperienza di lettura, ma anche più onesto. Dopo aver assimilato, con fatica, il primo, l’autore di questo articolo ha cercato di avvicinarsi al secondo, riorientando le sue letture e il suo modo di scrivere. L’articolo riflette su questa evoluzione.
How to write an essay on literature? Twenty years ago, a young scholar in the humanities could follow two paths: the academic style, often airy and replete with opaque jargon expressions (those of philosophy, of science, of structural linguistics); and the style of Anglo-Saxon essay-writing, this being more impressionistic, more focused on a personal reading experience, and yet more honest. After having distressingly assimilated the former model, the author of this article has thrived to draw near the latter, reorienting both his readings and writing manner. In the following pages, he reflects on such evolution.
PAROLE CHIAVE
Saggistica anglosassone; Gore Vidal; Robert Silvers; riviste; «New York Review of Books»; feticci del pensiero; ideologie
The atomic beam probe synthetic diagnostic in the COMPASS tokamak and its application in fusion plasmas
No full textThe atomic beam probe (ABP) is a beam diagnostic concept that opens opportunities in plasma edge measurements due to the sensitivity of the magnetic field and the high temporal resolution. The first ABP has been installed and is operating on the COMPASS tokamak. A new numerical toolset, which is the subject of this paper, was required to model the diagnostic to accurately detect the alkali beam. For further development and understanding of the diagnostic, this tool had to be designed to simulate different magnetic field configurations in a performance-efficient manner. The TAIGA synthetic diagnostic (TAIGA-SD), which was implemented with a massively parallel trajectory solver core that runs on graphic cards to support experiments, provides a better understanding of measurements and has opened opportunities for future applications. This paper presents the model concept with relevant physical processes and necessary simplifications. The submodules implemented or integrated into the synthetic diagnostic are explained and described, and their scopes of validity are highlighted. This includes the integration of RENATE-OD for the primary ionization radial distribution for lithium beams, as well as the implementation and verification of a combined electron impact and charge exchange ionization module for other alkaline beams, which is a new atomic physics solver. Calculations were performed to investigate the relation between magnetic field, electron density, and temperature perturbations. Further simulations were run to estimate beam attenuation due to secondary ionization. The utilization of the ABP synthetic diagnostic is demonstrated by comparing it with the measurements.This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium, funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme (Grant Agreement No 101052200– EUROfusion). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither the European Union nor the European Commission can be held responsible for them. This work was co-funded by MEYS project LM2023045. The first author received an FI scholarship supported by the Ministry of Research and Universities of the Government of Catalonia and the European Social Fund related to the recent paper.Postprint (author's final draft
Prognostic Impact of Reduced Connexin43 Expression and Gap Junction Coupling of Neoplastic Stromal Cells in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
No full textMissense mutations of the GJA1 gene encoding the gap junction channel protein con-
nexin43 (Cx43) cause bone malformations resulting in oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD),
while GJA1 null and ODDD mutant mice develop osteopenia. In this study we investigated
Cx43 expression and channel functions in giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), a locally aggres-
sive osteolytic lesion with uncertain progression. Cx43 protein levels assessed by immuno-
histochemistry were correlated with GCTB cell types, clinico-radiological stages and
progression free survival in tissue microarrays of 89 primary and 34 recurrent GCTB cases.
Cx43 expression, phosphorylation, subcellular distribution and gap junction coupling was
also investigated and compared between cultured neoplastic GCTB stromal cells and bone
marow stromal cells or HDFa fibroblasts as a control. In GCTB tissues, most Cx43 was
produced by CD163 negative neoplastic stromal cells and less by CD163 positive reactive
monocytes/macrophages or by giant cells. Significantly less Cx43 was detected in
α
-
smooth muscle actin positive than
α
-smooth muscle actin negative stromal cells and in oste-
oclast-rich tumor nests than in the adjacent reactive stroma. Progressively reduced Cx43
production in GCTB was significantly linked to advanced clinico-radiological stages and
worse progression free survival. In neoplastic GCTB stromal cell cultures most Cx43 protein
was localized in the paranuclear-Golgi region, while it was concentrated in the cell mem-
branes both in bone marrow stromal cells and HDFa fibroblasts. In Western blots, alkaline
phosphatase sensitive bands, linked to serine residues (Ser369, Ser372 or Ser373) de-
tected in control cells, were missing in GCTB stromal cells. Defective cell membrane locali-
zation of Cx43 channels was in line with the significantly reduced transfer of the 622 Da
fluorescing calcein dye between GCTB stromal cells. Our results show that significant
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0125316 May 1, 2015
1/18
OPENACCESS
Citation:
Balla P, Maros ME, Barna G, Antal I, Papp
G, Sapi Z, et al. (2015) Prognostic Impact of Reduced
Connexin43 Expression and Gap Junction Coupling
of Neoplastic Stromal Cells in Giant Cell Tumor of
Bone. PLoS ONE 10(5): e0125316. doi:10.1371/
journal.pone.0125316
Academic Editor:
Pierre J Marie, Inserm U606 and
University Paris Diderot, FRANCE
Received:
November 12, 2014
Accepted:
March 12, 2015
Published:
May 1, 2015
Copyright:
© 2015 Balla et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License
, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original author and source are
credited.
Data Availability Statement:
All relevant data are
within the paper.
Funding:
This work was supported by EuroBoNet an
EU FP6 funded Network of Excellence Programme
(LSHC-CT-2006-018814). The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing Interests:
The authors have declared
that no competing interests exist.
downregulation of Cx43 expression and gap junction coupling in neoplastic stromal cells
are associated with the clinical progression and worse prognosis in GCTB
Emissione e circolazione di criptoattività tra tipicità e atipicità nei nuovi mercati finanziari.
No full textIl contributo intende offrire un quadro sistematico del fenomeno dell’emissione e circolazione di criptoattività, alla luce del concreto funzionamento della tecnologia e delle categorie normative disponibili. L’indagine si concentra sull’offerta pubblica di token, nota in gergo come Initial Coin Offering (ICO), un mezzo di finanziamento caratterizzato, rispetto all’Initial Public Offering (IPO), dall’utilizzo della tecnologia blockchain, che permette di disintermediare le infrastrutture tipiche dei mercati dei capitali e di superare l’elemento della territorialità nella promozione e nella raccolta. Dopo aver avanzato una proposta di tassonomia dei token, secondo le categorie registrate nella prassi (native/on chain token; utility/investment token, et cetera), e delle finalità per le quali un protocollo di emissione di token, vale a dire uno smart contract, può essere de facto progettato (quali, tra le altre, finalità di valuta; di investimento economico; di premialità; di mero pagamento), il contributo prosegue offrendo una disamina delle caratteristiche del soggetto emittente e delle condizioni di emissione più diffuse. Quindi, si passano in rassegna le principali proposte di regolazione a livello internazionale: in particolare, Francia, Regno Unito e Svizzera, per poi approfondire, in ottica comparatistica, l’iniziativa di regolazione domestica, id est il documento Consob per la consultazione dedicato a Le offerte iniziali e gli scambi di criptoattività del 19 marzo 2019, cui ha fatto per ora seguito, ad esito della consultazione, il rapporto finale dell’autorità pubblicato il 2 gennaio 2020. L’Autore affronta quindi il tema della qualificazione dei token rispetto alle categorie del diritto civile e dei mercati finanziari, soffermandosi sulle nozioni, di derivazione europea, di strumento e di prodotto finanziario e proponendo la sussunzione entro l’ampia e aperta categoria degli strumenti/contratti derivati su merci ai sensi della direttiva MiFID II. Si conclude osservando come la prassi delle offerte al pubblico di criptoattività, a pochi anni dalla diffusione delle ICOs, caratterizzate da un sistema disintermediato, si sia già evoluta con l’affermarsi delle cosiddette Initial Exchange Offer (IEOs), caratterizzate invece dal ruolo degli exchange, piattaforme digitali che ricorrono a infrastrutture a tecnologia DLT (Distributed Ledger Tecnology) per consentire l’emissione e la negoziazione di token. Tale rapida evoluzione, accompagnata al difficile inquadramento giuridico del fenomeno e alla sua intrinseca a-territorialità, rendono indefettibile l’esigenza di un intervento organico da parte del legislatore europeo circa la regolazione delle criptoattività, non solo da un punto di vista definitorio e classificatorio, ma anche su specifici aspetti pratici, quali: la custodia dei token attraverso i wallet; la gestione dei rischi relativi all’utilizzo di piattaforme blockchain; i requisiti autorizzativi e organizzativi degli exchange.The essay aims to provide a systematic picture of the phenomenon of the emission and circulation of cryptoassets, in light of the effective functioning of the relevant technology and the applicable legal concepts. The research focuses on the public offering of tokens, also known as Initial Coin Offering (ICO), a form of financing characterized, compared to Initial Public Offering (IPO), by the use of blockchain technology, which allows to disintermediate the typical infrastructure of capital markets and to overcome the element of territoriality in promotion and collection activities. After proposing a taxonomy for tokens, taking into account the categories envisaged by the current practice (native/on -chain tokens; utility/investment tokens, et cetera), as well as a classification of the purposes for which a token issuance protocol (id est a smart contract) may be de facto designed (such as, among other things, currency purposes; earning; reward; mere payment), the essay provides for an overview of the typical characteristics of token issuers and the most common conditions of issuance. Significant examples of proposed regulation at an international level are then analysed: in particular, France, United Kingdom and Switzerland and, comparatively, the domestic regulation initiative, id est the Consob consultation paper about Initial Coin Offerings and crypto-activity exchanges dated March 19, 2020, followed by the relevant final report published on January 2, 2020. The Author deals with the qualification of tokens in relation to the categories of civil law and financial markets, focusing on the European notions of “financial instrument” and “financial product” and proposing as a potential legal framework the one related to derivative instruments/contracts on goods under the MiFID II Directive. Finally, it is pointed out that the practice of crypto-activity public offers, characterized by a disintermediated system, just a few years after the spread of ICOs has already evolved with the emergence of the so-called Initial Exchange Offers (IEOs), characterized by the role of exchanges, digital platforms that use Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) infrastructure to enable token issuance and trading. This rapid evolution, coupled with the difficult framing of the phenomenon from a legal perspective and it’s a-territoriality, underlines the urgent need of an organic European regulation of crypto-activities, not only on definition and classification, but also on specific practical aspects, such as: the custody of tokens through wallets; risk management related to the use of blockchain platforms; authorization and organizational requirements of exchanges
