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B14 hut at the Bronze Age settlement of Mursia (Pantelleria)
No full textThis contribute deals with the explanation of the archaeological excavation of the B14 hut, that symbolizes the residential structures of the earliest phase of the village, but at the same time it can be considered exceptional for the size and for the inner setting. The stratigraphic sequence shows several episodes of transformation of inhabited space with real twisting changes that took place early in the history of the hut. In particular, in spite of the initial planning of the dwellings, each single feature adapted shape and size to different requirements among inhabitants, both productive and domestic. Ceramics of each phase of the sequence are presented showing vase types used especially in the earliest phase of the settlement. A the end of the life, the hut was completely covered by other dwellings
Forme ceramiche e modalità di preparazione del cibo a base cerealicola nelle prime fasi della civiltà nuragica: teglie, tegami, spiane e coppe di cottura
No full textLa produzione tessile nell’abitato dell’età del Bronzo di Solarolo, via Ordiere: dall’analisi delle fusaiole alle prime attività esperienziali per un protocollo di archeologia sperimentale
Full text linkThe paper deals with the spindle whorls and loom weights found in the Bronze Age settlement of Solarolo, via Ordiere, and investigates the topic of textile production as one of the manufactures of great economic impact that characterises the middle of the 2nd millennium BC. Through the analysis of the operational chain from the procurement of the raw material to the final product, the morphometric analysis of the spindle whorls allows us to interpret the choices made to produce particular yarns. The finds, mainly spindle whorls, have been accurately positioned during the excavation and distinguished by detailed chronological phases (25-50 years). Their distribution allows to analyse the production of yarns within the settlement and to hypothesise the role of resource management and manufacture at a key moment of increased exploitation of wool found in various regions of Europe
La sussistenza nell'età del Bronzo in Italia settentrionale. Archeologia sperimentale e analisi dei contesti di abitato come casi studio per un calcolo demografico
No full textIl progetto delle coltivazioni
sperimentali dedicate ai cereali intrapreso dal Laboratorio di Archeologia Sperimentale dell’Università
di Bologna, ha voluto approfondire le tematiche delle produzioni alimentari disponibili negli abitati dell’età
del Bronzo. I risultati ottenuti invitano a riconsiderare la resa delle coltivazioni cerealicole con stime decisamente
più elevate rispetto a quanto proposto finora, tra 6 e 10 q per ha. Le successive simulazioni relative al
popolamento degli abitati dell’Italia settentrionale ci permettono di stimare sulla base dell’ampia disponibilità
di prodotti agricoli e sul consumo pro capite la popolazione dell’età del Bronzo con una media di almeno 300
individui per un abitato di un ettaro. L’innovativa gestione delle risorse (agricoltura, allevamento e raccolta di
altri prodotti) ha posto le basi per una prosperità economica che giustifica il fenomeno di espansione e ha garantito
la continuità e la lunga durata degli abitati.The research project carried out by the
Laboratory of Experimental Archaeology at the University of Bologna is going into the topic of food production
in the Bronze Age. First results are pointing out a wider availability of cereals among the communities
in Northern Italy with estimations larger than previously established fixed between 6 and 10 q per ha. Further
simulations based on the agricultural productivity and to the parameter of pro capite consumption, allow to calculate
a demographic estimations with an average for each settlement with size of 1 ha of 300 individuals. An
innovative management of resources (crops, breeding, other products) was at the base of prosperity that caused
the expansion, continuity and long-life of settlements
Strutture e oggetti per la preparazione del cibo nell'abitato dell'età del Bronzo di Mursia, Pantelleria (TP)
No full textLe capanne di Mursia sono frequentemente caratterizzate da strutture domestiche
connesse con le produzioni alimentari. Il contributo prende in esame le strutture di combustione costituite
da ciste litiche, focolari semplici e strutturati e le piastre di cottura cercando di ricostruire la sequenza di azioni
che si svolgevano quotidianamente per la preparazione dei cibi. La ricca documentazione delle strutture in ottimo
stato di conservazione permettono di approfondire le tematiche di gestione del fuoco e di cottura degli
alimenti con una proposta di modifiche diacroniche che portano all’adozione degli alari e delle coppe di cottura
combinate alle piastre in argilla come soluzione adottata nelle fasi avanzate dell’abitato.
Completa il quadro una breve considerazione degli strumenti accessori utilizzati per la trasformazione dei beni,
con particolare riferimento alla macinatura e pressatura di prodotti vegetali.The dwellings at the settlement of Mursia are characterized by several domestic features
linked with the preparation of food. This paper deals with the fire structures, square features made of lithic
slabs, hearths and cooking platforms made of stone or clay, trying to reconstruct the daily operational actions.
The good state of preservation and the richness of available documentation allow to go in depth with the use of
fire and with the cooking systems. A further proposal suggests a diachronic evolution that ends with the choice
of use of andirons and cooking mugs above clay platforms in the later phases of the settlement. A short presentation
of stone tools (querns, grinders and mortars) used next to the cooking features, completes the procedures
of preparation of food in the phases of grinding and pressing vegetal products
Focolari e piastre di cottura nell’abitato dell’età del Bronzo di Mursia (Pantelleria TP)
No full textThe Bronze Age settlement of Mursia (XVIII – XV cent. BC) displays several examples of domestic structures related to the use of fire. They are mainly hearths and other features for food preparing, but also used for lighting and heating dwellings. They are mainly placed inside the huts, utilized repeatedly, presumably daily, by members of a small group, of family size.
The most recurrent structure is the hearth constructed with four stone slabs, placed vertically, the so called lithic cist. They are of small size (side length from 25 to 60 cm) and allow to prepare fire and live charcoal in a safe place. Filling layers of these structures are usually made of ash and charcoal, while at the bottom or around the structure there are evident marks of firing. Beyond the basic interpretation of these structures as fireplace, it remains uncertain the details about use for firing or cooking and especially the interaction with other aspects of daily life. In some huts there are more than one hearths with the shape of lithic cists and in some cases we are sure they are contemporary, so we need to interpret it as a necessity to prepare a higher amount of food, or a different use. Very often the filling layer shows that the structure was regularly cleaned and the burned products removed. Very unusual is the discovery of a small coal-shovel made of a bone scapula placed next to the lithic cist. Another main aspect to investigate is also the way to manage the smoke disposal. Some post holes around the hearth suggest the presence of some kind of draw, made of a chimney or a simple cowl.
At Mursia there are other types of structured fireplaces changing during the different phases of the settlement: stone slabs often combined with lithic hearths were used as cooking plates are peculiar in the earliest phase; round or oval cooking plates made of a thin layer of clay arranged above a bed of small stones or pottery fragments are typical of later phases. In small dwellings they are associated to andirons and kitchen ware.
The aim of this paper is to define how these structures were used, stressing the changes in managing fire, preparing food in accordance with the archaeological phases of the settlement. The analysis of the structures concerns technical characters, the distribution inside the settlement, the association with other domestic facilities, as well as to go into the items (pottery, tools) related to the use of fire and to cooking.
The first results of the micromorphological analysis carried on archaeological soil samples give additional information about the manufacture techniques and the sedimentary record of the hearts use and cleaning.L’abitato di Mursia dell’ antica e media età del Bronzo (XVIII - XV sec. a.C.), offre una ricca documentazione di strutture domestiche legate all’uso del fuoco. Si tratta di focolari strutturati e altre installazioni principalmente destinate alla preparazione del cibo, ma anche all’illuminazione e al riscaldamento degli ambienti domestici.
Collocate prevalentemente all’interno delle capanne, le strutture da fuoco si caratterizzano per un utilizzo ripetuto, probabilmente quotidiano. Il loro uso é presumibilmente connesso all’ambito familiare e al sostentamento di un gruppo ridotto di individui. L’elemento ricorrente è il focolare a "cista litica", costruito con quattro lastre di pietra disposte verticalmente a formare una piccola cassetta e destinato a controllare la combustione, evitando che potesse causare incendi.
Le altre strutture connesse all’uso del fuoco sono le piastre da cottura: in una prima fase sono costitute da lastre di pietra incassate o appoggiate in orizzontale sul pavimento. Nelle fasi più avanzate la piastra di cottura viene realizzata tramite una stesura di sedimenti impastati che ricopre uno strato di preparazione di piccoli ciottoli, lapilli e frr. di ceramica. Sono riconducibili alla cottura dei cibi confermate dalla frequente presenza di alari in terracotta e vasi adatti alla preparazione sul fuoco.
L’obiettivo di questo contributo é di definire la distribuzione e le modalità d’utilizzo delle diverse strutture, sottolineando eventuali cambiamenti di gestione del fuoco e di preparazione dei cibi nel corso delle differenti fasi d’occupazione del villaggio
The archaeological excavation of the Nuraghe of Tanca Manna (Nuoro, Sardinia). Preliminary report of the 2013-2014 campaigns
Full text linkThe paper deals with the results of two field seasons (2013 and 2014) of researches carried out in the nuragic settlement of Tanca Manna in Nuoro, made of a small nuraghe and several dwellings. The settlement belongs to the earliest phase of the nuragic civilization, confirmed by several rectangular structures, different in plan from the circular huts widespread from late Middle Bronze Age and Final Bronze Age in Sardinia. The dating to the earliest and central phases of BM is confirmed by ceramics of Sa Turricula phase and by the absence of Recent Bronze Age markers in stratigraphic contexts. The research project is the result of a collaboration between the University of Bologna and Comune of Nuoro designated to the valorization of the municipal park Su Nuraghe. The projects includes besides the excavation activities, a laboratory of experimental archaeology and several opportunities for didactic presentation for schoolchildren and citizens, taking advantage of the favorable position inside the modern town
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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