15 research outputs found
Role of Tannins-Containing Shrub Legume \u3cem\u3eCalliandra Calothyrsus\u3c/em\u3e on Rumen Microbes Metabolisms
No full textThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of tannins compound on rumen microbial metabolisms which can be estimated from fermentation parameters including production of VFA (Volatile Fatty Acid), NH3 and protein microbial in rumen
In vitro screening of sorghum parental lines for digestibility as a step toward development of superior sorghum hybrids for cattle feeding
No full textDoctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Animal Sciences and IndustryJames S. DrouillardFifty-one cultivars of sorghum parental lines were used in a series of in vitro assays to assess fermentation by mixed ruminal microorganisms as a step toward the development of superior sorghum hybrids. Sorghum grains were milled to pass a 1-mm screen of a cyclone mill, and subsequently incubated for 30 hours with a mixture of artificial saliva and strained ruminal contents from fistulated cattle. The study was designed as an incomplete randomized block design due to the large number of sorghum cultivars tested. Maximum cumulative gas production (K) and time required to reach half the maximum gas production were different (P0.05). Furthermore, forty-eight sorghum cultivars of the parental lines from in vitro experiment were investigated to measure the gelatinization temperatures using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results showed that onset temperature (To) ranged from 67.54 to 83.90⁰C, peak temperature (Tp) ranged from 74.94 to 98.35⁰C, and conclusion temperature (Tc) ranged from 74.53 to 105.32⁰C. In addition, gelatinization enthalpies ([Delta]Hgel) were ranged from 1.06 to 6.49 J/g. Lower peak temperature and gelatinization enthalpies could indicate higher digestibility of sorghum grain tested. Variations in results demonstrated from both in vitro assay and DSC analysis suggest there is potential for development of sorghum cultivars that are more suitable than current cultivars as feeds for ruminants
Suplemetasi Vitamin E dalam Cairan Rumen In Vitro: Analisis Parameter Fermentasi
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of vitamin E on fermentation parameters by using an in vitro fermentation system with ruminal fluid from male Bligon goats. Substrats used in fermentation process comprised of 65% of king grass, 20% of rice bran, and 15% of soybean meal, with additional 3% of capsulated crude palm oil (CCPO). Treatments of an in vitro fermentation were divided into 3 groups, those are group without vitamin E supplementation (R0), group with 200 mg per kg DM vitamin E supplementation (R1), and 400 mg vitamin E supplementation (R2). All groups were incubated for 48 hours according to Menke and Steingass method. Results showed that vitamin E supplementation at the level of 400 mg did not affect fermentation parameters (VFA, NH3, and pH) on ruminal fluid
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI VITAMIN E DALAM RANSUM YANG MENGANDUNG CAPSULATED CRUDE PALM OIL TERHADAP KANDUNGAN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID DAGING DAN PERFORMAN KAMBING BLIGON
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi vitamin E dalam ransum yang mengandung minyak sawit mentah terkapsulasi (Capsulated Crude Palm Oil-CCPO) terhadap performan ternak dan kandungan polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) daging kambing Bligon. Rumput raja sebanyak 65%, bekatul 20%, dan bungkil kacang kedelai 15% dengan penambahan 3% capsulated crude palm oil (CCPO) digunakan sebagai ransum kontrol. Ternak yang digunakan adalah kambing Bligon jantan sebanyak 9 ekor yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan yang terdiri atas kelompok pertama hanya mendapat ransum kontrol tanpa suplementasi vitamin E, kelompok kedua mendapat ransum kontrol dengan suplementasi vitamin E 200 mg per kg bahan kering pakan, kelompok ketiga mendapat ransum kontrol dengan suplementasi vitamin E 400 mg per kg bahan kering pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi vitamin E sampai level 400 mg/kg bahan kering tidak berpengaruh terhadap performan ternak, kandungan PUFA, dan komposisi kimia, namun cenderung menurunkan kadar malondialdehyde (MDA) daging (P<0,06) sebesar 67,52%, meningkatkan kandungan vitamin E sebesar 74,80% namun diikuti oleh peningkatan kandungan kolesterol daging.(Kata kunci: Vitamin E, Performan ternak, PUFA daging)Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi vitamin E dalam ransum yang mengandung minyak sawit mentah terkapsulasi (Capsulated Crude Palm Oil-CCPO) terhadap performan ternak dan kandungan polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) daging kambing Bligon. Rumput raja sebanyak 65%, bekatul 20%, dan bungkil kacang kedelai 15% dengan penambahan 3% capsulated crude palm oil (CCPO) digunakan sebagai ransum kontrol. Ternak yang digunakan adalah kambing Bligon jantan sebanyak 9 ekor yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan yang terdiri atas kelompok pertama hanya mendapat ransum kontrol tanpa suplementasi vitamin E, kelompok kedua mendapat ransum kontrol dengan suplementasi vitamin E 200 mg per kg bahan kering pakan, kelompok ketiga mendapat ransum kontrol dengan suplementasi vitamin E 400 mg per kg bahan kering pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi vitamin E sampai level 400 mg/kg bahan kering tidak berpengaruh terhadap performan ternak, kandungan PUFA, dan komposisi kimia, namun cenderung menurunkan kadar malondialdehyde (MDA) daging (P<0,06) sebesar 67,52%, meningkatkan kandungan vitamin E sebesar 74,80% namun diikuti oleh peningkatan kandungan kolesterol daging.(Kata kunci: Vitamin E, Performan ternak, PUFA daging
Karakteristik Fisiko Kimia Tepung Ikan yang Diberi Pengawet Bawang Putih (Allium sativum) pada Masa Penyimpanan yang Berbeda
No full textABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisiko kimia tepung ikan yang diberi tepung bawang putih (Allium sativum) pada masa penyimpanan yang berbeda. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Faktorial (RALF) dengan faktor A adalah tepung ikan dengan 3 level penambahan tepung bawang putih (0, 1, 2 dan 3%) dan Faktor B adalah lama penyimpanan tepung ikan (1, 2, 3 dan 4 minggu). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah Warna, Aroma, Kadar Air (KA), Kadar Abu (KA), Lemak Kasar (LK) dan Protein Kasar (PK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung bawang putih di dalam tepung ikan dengan level 0, 1, 2 dan 3% dengan lama penyimpanan yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap meningkatkan kadar air, tetapi menurunkan abu dan protein kasar. Interaksi antara level tepung bawang putih yang ditambahkan pada tepung ikan dan lama penyimpanan yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (P˂0,05) terhadap kadar lemak kasar dan protein kasar.
(Physicochemical characteristics of fish meal with garlic (Allium sativum) preservatives at different storage periods)
ABSTRACT. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of fish meal fed with garlic flour (Allium sativum) at different storage periods. The research design used was a Factorial Complete Randomized Design (RALF) with factor A being fish flour with 3 levels of adding garlic flour (0, 1, 2 and 3%) and Factor B was the storage time of fish meal (1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The variables observed in this study were colour, aroma, water content (KA), ash content (KA), crude fat (LK) and crude protein (PK). The results showed that the addition of garlic flour in fish meal with levels 0, 1, 2 and 3% with different storage periods significantly affected water content, but reduced ash and crude protein. The interaction between the level of garlic flour added to fish meal and the different storage times significantly (P˂0.05) on crude fat and crude protein
The Carrying Capacity of Crop as Cow and Goat Feed in Muna Barat Regency
No full textThis study aimed to assess the potency of forages in Muna Barat Regency as cattle and goat feed. The study was performed by performing forage observation based on the forage production multiplied by the harvested area, and presented on dry matter unit (DM). Sampling was carried out by using a designed square tool. Forages that was evaluated on this study was legume groups. Data analysis was performed by using carrying capacity method. The study reveals that there are 8 types of forages found in Muna Barat Regency. The dry matter of those forages can meet the feed requirement for cattle and goat in Muna Barat Regency. The result of KPRR analysis shows that Muna Barat Regency has carrying capacity for 2,669 cattle and 3,293 goat
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI VITAMIN E DALAM RANSUM YANG MENGANDUNG CAPSULATED CRUDE PALM OIL TERHADAP KANDUNGAN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID DAGING DAN PERFORMAN KAMBING BLIGON
No full textThe aim of this research is to investigate effects of vitamin E supplmentation in ration contain capsulated crude palm oil (CCPO) on meat polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents and Bligon goat performannce. This study performed in 2 stages. First stage to evaluate degradation levels of vitamin E in ruminal fluid by in vitro method, ruminal microbial activity analysis (CMCase, microbial protein, and number of protozoa) and fermentation parameter (NH3, VFA total, and pH). Second stage to evaluate effects of ration with vitamin E supplementation on animal performannce, meat quality, vitamin E content, PUFA and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of meat. Nine male Bligon goats in 12 to 18 month of age, 17 to 20 kg of weight were divided into three groups by ration treatment, each group consist of three goats, housed for ten weeks with ten days previously as adaptation periode. Treatments consist of first group fed basal diet (king grass, soybean meal, rice brand, and CCPO) without vitamin E supplementation as control (R0), second group fed basal diet with 200 mg vitamin E supplementation (R1), and third group fed basal diet with 400 mg vitamin E supplementation (R2). Results of the first stage research showed that vitamin E supplementation in fermentation ruminal fluid at level 400 mg/kg dry mater of feed has no real difference (P>0.05) on microbial activity (CMCase, microbial protein, and number of protozoa) and fermentation parameter (NH3, VFA, and pH) and that vitamin E was not degraded in fermentation ruminal fluid. Results of the second stage research showed that vitamin E supplementation in goat ration at level 400 mg per kg dry mater has no real difference (P>0.05) on animal performannce (dry mater intake, organik mater intake, DM digestibility, OM digestibility, avarage daily gain-ADG , and fed conversion ratio-FCR), has no real difference (P>0.05) on meat chemical composition, meat polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition but tend to decrease (P<0.06) meat malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and has very real difference (P<0.01) to increase meat vitamin E content although followed by increased in meat cholesterol contents but still in normal range
Daya Ikat Air, Kekenyalan, dan Rendemen Bakso Ayam Menggunakan Bahan Agar Komersil dengan Level Berbeda
No full textABSTRAKMeningkatkan kekenyalan bakso dapat dilakukan dengan cara menambahkan zat pengenyal, termasuk agar komersial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari penggunaan agar komersial sebagai bahan pengunyah terhadap kualitas fisik bakso ayam. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan yaitu P1 (agar 0%), P2 (agar 1%), P3 (agar 2%), dan P4 (agar 3%) dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah daya tampung air, rendemen, dan elastisitas. Variabel penelitian adalah kualitas fisik yaitu daya tampung air, rendemen, dan elastisitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan pada masing-masing variabel. Penambahan agar 3% tidak meningkatkan kualitas fisik bakso ayam.Kata Kunci: bakso ayam, agar, kualitas fisik Water Holding Capacity, Elasticity, and Rendemen of Chicken Meatball Made with Commercial Agar in Various LevelsABSTRACTIncreasing the chewiness of the meatball can be done by adding a chewing agent, including commercial agar. This research aimed to study the use of commercial agar as chewing agent on the physical qualities of chicken meatballs. This research used a completely randomized design with four treatments: P1 (0% agar), P2 (1% agar), P3 (2% agar), and P4 (3% agar) and repeated 3 times. The variables observed were water holding capacity, yield, and elasticity. The research variables were physical quality, namely water holding capacity, yield, and elasticity. The results showed no significant effect on each variable. Agar addition up to 3% did not increase the physical qualities of chicken meatball.Keywords: chicken meatballs, jelly, physical qualit
Evaluasi Kecernaan In Vitro Bahan Kering dan Bahan Organik Kulit Singkong Fermentasi Sebagai Bahan Pakan Ternak
No full textABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi kecernaan in vitro bahan kering dan bahan organik kulit singkong yang difermentasi menggunakan jamur Aspergillus niger dan EM-4 sehingga dapat memberikan informasi tambahan mengenai kualitas kulit siongkong yang difermentasi maupun tanpa fermentasi. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan terhadap kulit singkong adalah P1 (tanpa fermentasi), P2 (fermentasi dengan Aspergillus niger), P3 (fermentasi dengan EM-4), P4 (fermentasi dengan kombinasi A. niger dan EM-4). Evaluasi kecernaan in vitro ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Tilley and Terry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan jamur A. niger dan EM-4 dalam proses fermentasi kulit singkong dapat meningkatkan kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan kering kulit singkong secara signifikan dimana hasil terbaik diperoleh pada penambahan kombinas A. niger dan EM-4.Kata kunci: Aspergillus niger, bahan kering, bahan organik, EM-4, kecernaan in vitroABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro digestibility of dry matter and organic matter of fermented cassava peel using Aspergillus niger and EM-4 inoculant to provide additional information about the quality of fermented and unfermented cassava peel. The study design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were P1 (without fermentation), P2 (fermented with Aspergillus niger), P3 (fermented with EM-4), P4 (fermented with a combination of A. niger and EM-4). This in vitro digestibility evaluation was conducted by using the Tilley and Terry method. The results showed that the addition of A. niger fungi and EM-4 in the fermentation process of cassava peel could significantly improve the digestibility of dry matter and dry matter of cassava peel where the best results were obtained on the addition of A. niger and EM-4 combinations.Keywords: Aspergillus niger, dry matter, EM-4, in vitro digestibility, organic matte
PENINGKATAN NILAI TAMBAH USAHA TERNAK SAPI TERINTEGRASI DENGAN USAHA TANI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA DI DESA RAMBU-RAMBU KECAMATAN KOLONO TIMUR KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN
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