1,721,017 research outputs found
Toward the personalisation of political financing in Italy? Private donations to candidates and parties: 1987 - 2013
No full textPolitical financing has attracted lot of attention from scholars in recent decades due primarily to the predominant role of public money in the support of parties’activities. Less attention has been paid to private donations because of the difficulties of finding reliable data and because of the lack of relevance attributed to party budgets. Nonetheless, the international literature suggests that private sources of money should not be neglected in political research because they can act as a strategic instrument enabling external donors directly to influence politics and politicians. In this article I will focus on the private donations declared by parties as organisations and by their candidates in various election years in order to establish whether there is a trend toward the personalisation of political financing involving increases in the attention paid by external donors to individual candidates rather than to party central organisations. The results produced by analysing three different election years–selected to enable the control of potentially confounding variables–and two different electoral arenas–the National Parliament and the European Parliament–show that while the amount of private money collected by parties is drastically decreasing over time, the amounts received by individual candidates follow a different path: the latter are attracting more and more donations and enlarging their personal networks of connections with civil society representatives, with substantial differences among political formations
Diseguaglianze digitali: l’età nel modello di accesso e uso delle ICT in Italia
No full textIl saggio presenta prima un quadro statistico descrittivo delle differenze di accesso e delle capacità d’uso del computer e di internet tra i diversi gruppi d’età in Italia. Successivamente saranno presentati e discussi i risultati di una survey relativa ai fattori che incidono sull’uso del computer tra le persone adulte e anziane (con 50 anni ed oltre). A partire da queste analisi, in conclusione, saranno discusse alcune tesi relative alla riproduzione delle diseguaglianze digitali, con particolare attenzione all’incidenza del fattore età
Economic growth in the era of unconventional monetary instruments: A FAVAR approach
No full textAfter the global financial crisis, the ECB, as other major central banks, has introduced new
monetary instruments to effectively respond to economic and financial shocks. This paper aims to
analyse the role of monetary policy in the Eurozone's economic activity and studies responses of
industrial production and inflation to standard and non-standard monetary tools. First, we perform
a VAR model to estimate the effects of exogenous innovations in conventional and unconventional
tools on industrial production and inflation. Then, to summarize the external economic
developments, we condense the information contained in a large set of time series into a
few factors, and then put these factors in a new VAR model (FAVAR). The results show that the
unconventional policy has played an important role on economic and financial stabilization. The
empirical model suggests also how the contemporaneous implementation of the two different
policies is “big guns” on hand to ECB
Gendered patterns in candidates’ campaign fundraising : the case of Italy
Full text linkThe lack of financial resources is an often-cited hurdle for women pursuing political careers. However, empirical analysis of the dynamics of the private funding of women candidates and its potential implications for their political careers is still scant, particularly for countries outside the anglophone regions. This paper contributes to the scholarly debate by focusing on the gendered patterns in campaign fundraising in Italy, where radical changes to the party funding regime and multiple reforms to the electoral laws may have changed the structure of opportunity for fundraising by women candidates. We analyse patterns of private funding for men and women candidates in four national elections between 1996 and 2018. Our analysis, triangulated with semi-structured interviews with women candidates, shows that differences exist in fundraising patterns between male and female candidates in Italy. It reveals differences in the quality of candidates’ fundraising networks and confirms that political affiliation (to right-wing parties) and incumbency have an effect on the amount of donations received, thus granting women candidates greater access to private donations
Shadow rates and spillovers across the Eurozone: a spatial dynamic panel model
No full textIn this paper, we focus on the effect of spillovers in monetary policy in the period
2004–2017. Firstly, we calculate shadow rates that measure the monetary stances for
each country analysed. Then, by using the approach of spatial dynamic panel, we
account for the presence of potential spillovers in the Eurozone, both in the long and
short run, while controlling for the main channels regulating the monetary stances.
Results confirm that monetary policy is largely affected by the presence of spillovers
due to proximity in the business cycles and this effect should be considered to manage
the effects of monetary policy in different European economies
Structural differences in the eurozone: Measuring financial stability by fci
No full textIn this paper, we apply two novel methodological approaches, Tucker three-way principal
component analysis and locally weighted principal component analysis, to construct
financial conditions index for Eurozone countries. The aim is to point out how real and
financial macroeconomic variables affect the credit channel and which variables are more
relevant in each occasion, highlighting structural differences within the Eurozone. The
results suggest that the Eurozone is involved into a low easing pattern, which is difficult to
reverse and affects considerably the financial conditions, surrounding the hypothesis that
this pattern has been worsened by structural differences between the European Monetary
Union (EMU) countries. Empirical evidence shows that European Central Bank (ECB)
policy has managed to cool financial tensions and has made financial conditions
homogeneous, but it has not been able to restore them at a precrisis level
The role of green networks for environmental innovation in European regions
Full text linkThis paper investigates the role of green research networks in green innovation capabilities (proxied by green patents) in European regions. Our hypothesis is based on the idea that cross-border collaboration facilitates the diffusion of knowledge, thereby favouring the green innovation of the regions belonging to the network. We exploit information contained in the European Framework Programmes by looking at the role of intra and extra-regional collaborations and at the diversity of institutional partners. We find that both intra and extra regional collaborations matter for green innovation, although external knowledge appears to be more relevant. We also find a positive effect of firms in the network, of projects involving both firms and universities and a non-linear effect of network heterogeneity. We discuss the implications of the results for green innovation policies
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