1,720,993 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dietary exposure to persistent organic pollutants and risk of breast cancer in women and mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort
No full textLe cancer du sein est le principal cancer chez la femme touchant 2,3 millions de femmes en 2020 dans le monde. De précédentes études sur l’exposition professionnelle ou accidentelles suggèrent que les dioxines, polychlorobiphényles (PCBs) et hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAPs) classés comme Polluants Organiques Persistants POPs pourraient favoriser la survenue du cancer du sein. Cette thèse a débuté par une revue systématique et une méta analyse montrant une absence d’association entre l’exposition totale aux PCBs et la mortalité toutes-causes dans la population générale. Ensuite nous avons créé une base de données de l’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines, PCBs et HAPs dans la cohorte EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition). L’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines, PCBs et HAPs n’était pas associé au risque de cancer du sein dans EPIC mais une relation non linéaire en forme de U entre l’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines et aux PCBs alimentaires et la mortalité toutes-causes et la mortalité par cancers a été observée. Les travaux de cette thèse mettent en lumière la complexité d’évaluer l’impact de ces polluants qui peuvent avoir des effets de perturbateurs endocriniens et à faible dose. Il est difficile de séparer leur effet propre potentiellement délétère de l’effet de l’alimentation.. Enfin, il est possible que des effets différents soient identifiés à des doses plus élevées que ceux d’EPIC.Breast cancer is the leading type of cancer in women in terms of incidence, affecting 2.3 million women worldwide in 2020. Previous studies on occupational or accidental exposure suggested that dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) classified as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) may increase breast cancer risk. This thesis started with a systematic review and a meta-analysis showing an absence of association between total PCB exposure and all-cause mortality in the general population. Then we created a database of dietary exposure to dioxins, PCBs and PAHs in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. Dietary exposure to dioxins, PCBs and PAHs was not associated with breast cancer risk in EPIC, although a non-linear U-shaped relationship between dietary exposure to dioxins and PCBs and all-cause mortality and cancer mortality was observed. The work in this thesis highlights the complexity of assessing the impact of these pollutants, which can have endocrine disrupting effects at low doses. It is difficult to disentangle their own potentially deleterious effect from the effect of diet. Finally, it is possible that different effects are identified at higher doses of POPs than those in EPIC cohort
Exposition alimentaire aux polluants organiques persistants et risque de cancer du sein chez les femmes et de mortalité dans la cohorte européenne EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
No full textBreast cancer is the leading type of cancer in women in terms of incidence, affecting 2.3 million women worldwide in 2020. Previous studies on occupational or accidental exposure suggested that dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) classified as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) may increase breast cancer risk. This thesis started with a systematic review and a meta-analysis showing an absence of association between total PCB exposure and all-cause mortality in the general population. Then we created a database of dietary exposure to dioxins, PCBs and PAHs in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. Dietary exposure to dioxins, PCBs and PAHs was not associated with breast cancer risk in EPIC, although a non-linear U-shaped relationship between dietary exposure to dioxins and PCBs and all-cause mortality and cancer mortality was observed. The work in this thesis highlights the complexity of assessing the impact of these pollutants, which can have endocrine disrupting effects at low doses. It is difficult to disentangle their own potentially deleterious effect from the effect of diet. Finally, it is possible that different effects are identified at higher doses of POPs than those in EPIC cohort.Le cancer du sein est le principal cancer chez la femme touchant 2,3 millions de femmes en 2020 dans le monde. De précédentes études sur l’exposition professionnelle ou accidentelles suggèrent que les dioxines, polychlorobiphényles (PCBs) et hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAPs) classés comme Polluants Organiques Persistants POPs pourraient favoriser la survenue du cancer du sein. Cette thèse a débuté par une revue systématique et une méta analyse montrant une absence d’association entre l’exposition totale aux PCBs et la mortalité toutes-causes dans la population générale. Ensuite nous avons créé une base de données de l’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines, PCBs et HAPs dans la cohorte EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition). L’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines, PCBs et HAPs n’était pas associé au risque de cancer du sein dans EPIC mais une relation non linéaire en forme de U entre l’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines et aux PCBs alimentaires et la mortalité toutes-causes et la mortalité par cancers a été observée. Les travaux de cette thèse mettent en lumière la complexité d’évaluer l’impact de ces polluants qui peuvent avoir des effets de perturbateurs endocriniens et à faible dose. Il est difficile de séparer leur effet propre potentiellement délétère de l’effet de l’alimentation.. Enfin, il est possible que des effets différents soient identifiés à des doses plus élevées que ceux d’EPIC
Exposition alimentaire aux polluants organiques persistants et risque de cancer du sein chez les femmes et de mortalité dans la cohorte européenne EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
No full textBreast cancer is the leading type of cancer in women in terms of incidence, affecting 2.3 million women worldwide in 2020. Previous studies on occupational or accidental exposure suggested that dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) classified as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) may increase breast cancer risk. This thesis started with a systematic review and a meta-analysis showing an absence of association between total PCB exposure and all-cause mortality in the general population. Then we created a database of dietary exposure to dioxins, PCBs and PAHs in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. Dietary exposure to dioxins, PCBs and PAHs was not associated with breast cancer risk in EPIC, although a non-linear U-shaped relationship between dietary exposure to dioxins and PCBs and all-cause mortality and cancer mortality was observed. The work in this thesis highlights the complexity of assessing the impact of these pollutants, which can have endocrine disrupting effects at low doses. It is difficult to disentangle their own potentially deleterious effect from the effect of diet. Finally, it is possible that different effects are identified at higher doses of POPs than those in EPIC cohort.Le cancer du sein est le principal cancer chez la femme touchant 2,3 millions de femmes en 2020 dans le monde. De précédentes études sur l’exposition professionnelle ou accidentelles suggèrent que les dioxines, polychlorobiphényles (PCBs) et hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAPs) classés comme Polluants Organiques Persistants POPs pourraient favoriser la survenue du cancer du sein. Cette thèse a débuté par une revue systématique et une méta analyse montrant une absence d’association entre l’exposition totale aux PCBs et la mortalité toutes-causes dans la population générale. Ensuite nous avons créé une base de données de l’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines, PCBs et HAPs dans la cohorte EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition). L’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines, PCBs et HAPs n’était pas associé au risque de cancer du sein dans EPIC mais une relation non linéaire en forme de U entre l’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines et aux PCBs alimentaires et la mortalité toutes-causes et la mortalité par cancers a été observée. Les travaux de cette thèse mettent en lumière la complexité d’évaluer l’impact de ces polluants qui peuvent avoir des effets de perturbateurs endocriniens et à faible dose. Il est difficile de séparer leur effet propre potentiellement délétère de l’effet de l’alimentation.. Enfin, il est possible que des effets différents soient identifiés à des doses plus élevées que ceux d’EPIC
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Exposition alimentaire aux polluants organiques persistants et risque de cancer du sein chez les femmes et de mortalité dans la cohorte européenne EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
No full textBreast cancer is the leading type of cancer in women in terms of incidence, affecting 2.3 million women worldwide in 2020. Previous studies on occupational or accidental exposure suggested that dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) classified as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) may increase breast cancer risk. This thesis started with a systematic review and a meta-analysis showing an absence of association between total PCB exposure and all-cause mortality in the general population. Then we created a database of dietary exposure to dioxins, PCBs and PAHs in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. Dietary exposure to dioxins, PCBs and PAHs was not associated with breast cancer risk in EPIC, although a non-linear U-shaped relationship between dietary exposure to dioxins and PCBs and all-cause mortality and cancer mortality was observed. The work in this thesis highlights the complexity of assessing the impact of these pollutants, which can have endocrine disrupting effects at low doses. It is difficult to disentangle their own potentially deleterious effect from the effect of diet. Finally, it is possible that different effects are identified at higher doses of POPs than those in EPIC cohort.Le cancer du sein est le principal cancer chez la femme touchant 2,3 millions de femmes en 2020 dans le monde. De précédentes études sur l’exposition professionnelle ou accidentelles suggèrent que les dioxines, polychlorobiphényles (PCBs) et hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAPs) classés comme Polluants Organiques Persistants POPs pourraient favoriser la survenue du cancer du sein. Cette thèse a débuté par une revue systématique et une méta analyse montrant une absence d’association entre l’exposition totale aux PCBs et la mortalité toutes-causes dans la population générale. Ensuite nous avons créé une base de données de l’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines, PCBs et HAPs dans la cohorte EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition). L’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines, PCBs et HAPs n’était pas associé au risque de cancer du sein dans EPIC mais une relation non linéaire en forme de U entre l’exposition alimentaire aux dioxines et aux PCBs alimentaires et la mortalité toutes-causes et la mortalité par cancers a été observée. Les travaux de cette thèse mettent en lumière la complexité d’évaluer l’impact de ces polluants qui peuvent avoir des effets de perturbateurs endocriniens et à faible dose. Il est difficile de séparer leur effet propre potentiellement délétère de l’effet de l’alimentation.. Enfin, il est possible que des effets différents soient identifiés à des doses plus élevées que ceux d’EPIC
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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