1,720,996 research outputs found
Carne sintética : 10 Interrogantes en la era de la producción 4.0
Get PDFMás allá del caso puntual de la carne sintética, la Agricultura Celular es un campo científico relativamente nuevo, cuyo potencial de aplicaciones es aún desconocido y cuyos principales científicos están concentrados en EE.UU, Europa e Israel. Para un país agroalimentario como Argentina, al menos este nuevo contexto debería llevarnos a pensar cuáles son las mejores estrategias para mitigar el riesgo de la aparición de un nuevo “cisne negro” (evento con muy baja probabilidad de ocurrencia, pero alto impacto) y que nuevas oportunidades se podrían abrir en un contexto donde, simultáneamente a la aparición de nuevas tecnologías, lo “natural” como atributo se valoriza.Instituto de Investigación en Prospectiva y Políticas PúblicasFil: Gauna, Diego Hernan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación en Prospectiva y Políticas Públicas; ArgentinaFil: Perez Filgueira, Daniel Mariano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Editorial : Foot-and-mouth disease epidemiology, vaccines and vaccination : moving forward
Get PDFVaccination has played a major role in foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) control. There are different approaches to the design and implementation of vaccination campaigns, and epidemiological information is paramount in influencing the vaccine and vaccination strategy that best suit each geographic location. FMD-endemic regions typically organize vaccination campaigns as a routine preventive control policy or to mitigate the impact of the disease. The majority of currently used vaccines are formulated with chemically inactivated whole-viral particles and suitable adjuvants such as single and double oil emulsions. The most recent strains circulating in a particular region are typically selected as antigens based on the results of vaccine-matching data and in vitro experiments, however, predictions based on vaccine-matching approaches are usually uncertain without a live virus challenge in natural hosts combined with reliable field data. Vaccine selection and successful vaccination campaigns rely on a deep knowledge of the epidemiology of the region where these vaccines will be used, as well as access to the appropriate diagnostic tools to underpin these campaigns.Instituto de VirologíaFil: Capozzo, Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Capozzo, Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vosloo, Wilna. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Health and Biosecurity. Transboundary Disease Mitigation. Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness; AustraliaFil: de los Santos, Teresa. United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service. Plum Island Animal Disease Center; Estados UnidosFil: Pérez, Andrés M. University of Minnesota. Department of Veterinary Population Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Perez Filgueira, Daniel Mariano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Perez Filgueira, Daniel Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Effect of different immunomodulators in the immune response elicited against foot and mouth disease virus in experimental and natural models
Get PDFSe estudió la respuesta de isotipos en ratones de la cepa Balb/c luego de la infección experimental con VFA o de la inmunización con vacunas formuladas con virus inactivado con y sin el agregado de adyuvantes. Se utilizaron tres inmunomoduladores para formular diferentes vacunas usando vehículos acuosos y oleosos: la fracción hidrosoluble de pared celular de Micobacterium sp. (PCM), un extracto purificado de lipopolisacárido de Brucella ovis (LPS) y una amina lipoidal sintética, Avridine (AV). Los animales infectados mostraron respuestas dominadas por el isotipo IgG2b y seguidas por IgG1, IgG2a, IgG3, entre los 14 y 60 d.p.i. o se detectó actividad de IgG3 específicas para la VFA en ninguno de los animales vacunados. Las formulaciones conteniendo adyuvantes presentaron altos y persistentes niveles de IgG2b, similares a los de los animales infectados, hasta los 180 d.p.i., mientras que en las vacunas convencionales este isotipo fue detectado sólo hasta los 60 d.p.i. Los animales vacunados con formulaciones conteniendo estos adyuvantes presentaron una resistencia aumentada al desafío viral realizado a los 210 d.p.i., en relación con aquellos inmunizados con vacunas convencionales. Dos de estos inmunomoduladores (PCM y AV) fueron también probados en bovinos, incluidos en vacunas oleosas. Se elaboraron 11 diferentes formulaciones que fueron inoculadas en grupos de 8 animales. Nuestros resultados muestran que la inclusión de cualquiera de estos dos adyuvantes en sus mayores concentraciones a vacunas formuladas con baja cantidad de antígeno viral, indujeron niveles inactivado sin el agregado de adyuvantes. Los isotipos de IgG inducidos en estas vacunas experimentales también diferían de las formulaciones convencionales y control sin adyuvantes. Se discute la posible relación entre estos cambios inducidos y la inmunidad conferida en cada caso.The IgG isotype response in Balb/c mice infected with FMDV or immunized with different vaccine formulations using inactivated virus particles as antigen was analyzed at various times post-inoculation. Three immunomodulators, were employed to formulate different vaccines using aqueous and oil vehicles: a water-soluble fraction of the cell wall of Mycobacterium sp.(PCM), apurified extract of lipopolysacharide from Brucella ovis (LPS) and a synthetic lipoamide, Avridine (AV). Infected animals between 14 and 60 days post-inoculation (d.p.i.) showed responses dominated by IgG2b, followed by IgG1, IgG2a and IgG3, respectively. No IgG3 activity was detected in vaccinated animals at any time. With formulations including immunomodulators, persisting high levels of IgG2b (similar to those of infected animals) were detected until 180 d.p.i. while with conventional vaccines IgG2b responses were detected up to 60 d.p.i. Animals vaccinated with formulations including these immunomodulators presented an augmented resistance to viral challenge at 210 d.p.i. in relation with thoseimmunized with conventional vaccines. Two of these immunomodulators (PCM and AV) were also tested in oil vaccines in experiments conducted in bovines. Eleven different formulations were used to vaccinate 8 animals per group. Our results showed that the inclusion of these adjuvants in the higher concentrations to vaccines formulated with a low antigen concentration, induced antibody levels similar to those of vaccines containing twice the concentration of virus and no adjuvants. The IgG isotypes profiles induced in these experimental vaccines also differed from the elicited by the control vaccines without immunomodulators. The possible relation ship of these differences in the isotype response and protection is discussed.Fil:Pérez Filgueira, Daniel Mariano. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
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