708 research outputs found
Gene loss and lineage specific restriction-modification systems associated with niche differentiation in the Campylobacter jejuni Sequence Type 403 clonal complex
No full textCampylobacter jejuni is a highly diverse species of bacteria commonly associated with infectious intestinal disease of humans and zoonotic carriage in poultry, cattle, pigs, and other animals. The species contains a large number of distinct clonal complexes that vary from host generalist lineages commonly found in poultry, livestock, and human disease cases to host-adapted specialized lineages primarily associated with livestock or poultry. Here, we present novel data on the ST403 clonal complex of C. jejuni, a lineage that has not been reported in avian hosts. Our data show that the lineage exhibits a distinctive pattern of intralineage recombination that is accompanied by the presence of lineage-specific restriction-modification systems. Furthermore, we show that the ST403 complex has undergone gene decay at a number of loci. Our data provide a putative link between the lack of association with avian hosts of C. jejuni ST403 and both gene gain and gene loss through nonsense mutations in coding sequences of genes, resulting in pseudogene formation
Die Römische Republik /
No full textWer sich für antike Geschichte interessiert, greift zu dieser knappen und gut lesbaren Geschichte der Römischen Republik, geschrieben von einem der bekanntesten Althistoriker Deutschlands. Jochen Bleicken (1926-2005) führt den Leser von der Zeit der Etrusker bis zum Ende der Republik, das die Herrschaft Caesars besiegelte. Alle wichtigen Phasen der republikanischen Geschichte entfalten sich: die Ständekämpfe, Aufstieg Roms zur Weltherrschaft - und die zugehörigen ungeheuren kriegerischen Auseinandersetzungen -, Ursachen und Beginn der inneren Krise seit den Gracchen, die Restauration unter Sulla und schließlich: die Auflösung der Republik und die Begründung der Monarchie. Aloys Winterling Jochen Bleicken, 1926-2005, war Professor für Alte Geschichte an der Universität Göttingen und u.a. Mitherausgeber von "Oldenbourg Grundriss der Geschichte" und der HISTORISCHEN ZEITSCHRIFT.Wer sich für antike Geschichte interessiert, greift zu dieser knappen und gut lesbaren Geschichte der Römischen Republik, geschrieben von einem der bekanntesten Althistoriker Deutschlands. Jochen Bleicken (1926-2005) führt den Leser von der Zeit der Etrusker bis zum Ende der Republik, das die Herrschaft Caesars besiegelte. Alle wichtigen Phasen der republikanischen Geschichte entfalten sich: die Ständekämpfe, Aufstieg Roms zur Weltherrschaft - und die zugehörigen ungeheuren kriegerischen Auseinandersetzungen -, Ursachen und Beginn der inneren Krise seit den Gracchen, die Restauration unter Sulla und schließlich: die Auflösung der Republik und die Begründung der Monarchie. Aloys Winterling Jochen Bleicken, 1926-2005, war Professor für Alte Geschichte an der Universität Göttingen und u.a. Mitherausgeber von "Oldenbourg Grundriss der Geschichte" und der HISTORISCHEN ZEITSCHRIFT.Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web.Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 08. Jul 2019
Essentials of services marketing / Jochen Wirtz, Christopher Lovelock.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and indexes.(xxxii, 670 pages) :Essentials of Services Marketing, 3e, is meant for courses directed at undergraduate and polytechnic students, especially those heading for a career in the service sector, whether at the executive or management level. It delivers streamlined coverage of services marketing topics with an exciting global outlook with visual learning aids and clear language. It has been designed so that instructors can make selective use of chapters and cases to teach courses of different lengths and formats in either services marketing or services management
Optical fiber nano-tweezers, a complementary approach for micro- and nanoparticle trapping
No full textSPIE Structured Light, 2018, Yokohama, JapanInternational audienc
Analysis, interpretation, and the local dimension of economic transformation: What went wrong and why?
No full textTransformation has been put in motion by a variety of both endogenous and exogenous forces. Although not any process was under the control of those countries, their choice of goals and instruments was anyway particularly great, at least theoretically. However, transformation was implemented as a rather narrowly defined and technically circumscribed problem-solving process aiming at applying sound general principles of economics and management to reach well-defined goals. It turned out to generate new problems and resulted in different outcomes in different countries and, within individual countries, in different territories. This paper treats transformation as innovation and considers that it had to deal with different dimensions, including both general principles and local features, opportunities, and constraints, and both analysis based on problem-solving, and interpretation of the new situation. These dimensions should have been managed simultaneously, but failed to do so. The paper provides a general explanation for the failure in managing simultaneously the various components of transformation and considers what the 2008 international crisis has revealed of the implementation of 20 years of transformation.Transformation, Local development, Reform, Analysis, Interpretation, Crisis, Washington Consensus, Innovation
Jochen Gerz // Jean Louis Garnell
No full textAlbertini's brief descriptions of Garnell's and Gerz's photo and text based works focus on the temporal and spatial limitations of language and image. Includes short texts by both artists
Materialist pedagogics – Hans-Jochen Gamm’s pedagogical approach to critical-humanist materialism
No full textDer Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Ansatz des 2011 verstorbenen Erziehungswissenschaftlers Hans-Jochen Gamm. Kern dieses Ansatzes ist die materialistische Lesart der Gesellschaft und der in ihren Grundbedingungen aufgeworfenen Erziehungs- und Bildungsfragen. Rekonstruiert werden neben der spezifischen Materialismus-Interpretation Gamms auch die Anlage einer Erziehungs- und Bildungstheorie, die sich als Folge der Anwendung des materialistischen Erkenntnisverfahrens im pädagogischen Handlungsfeld konstituiert. Aus dieser Skizze ergeben sich Hinweise auf Anschlussmöglichkeiten, Theorieprobleme und Desiderata einer materialistischen Pädagogik. (DIPF/Orig.)The paper discusses the approach developed by the educational scientist Hans-Jochen Gamm, who died in 2011. The core of this approach is the materialist reading of society and of the educational issues explored with regard to their basic conditions. In addition to Gamm\u27s specific interpretation of materialism, the author reconstructs the outline of a theory of education which results from the application of a materialist method of cognition to the pedagogical field of action. Based on this outline, the author formulates possibilities of drawing on this approach as well as theoretical problems and desiderata of a materialist pedagogy. (DIPF/Orig.
A new stable splitting for singularly perturbed ODEs
No full textIn this publication, we consider IMEX methods applied to singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations. We introduce a new splitting into stiff and non-stiff parts that has a direct extension to systems of conservation laws and investigate its performance analytically and numerically. We show that this splitting can in some cases improve the order of convergence, demonstrating that the phenomenon of order reduction is not only a consequence of the method but also of the splitting.The authors would like to thank Sebastian Noelle for fruitful discussions. Furthermore, we would like to thank the anonymous referee for suggestions that helped improving the paper substantially. The second author has been partially supported by DFG project NO 361/3-3 (German Science Foundation)
Spectroscopic characterization of optically trapped nanoparticles
No full textDepuis quelques décennies, les pinces optiques sont devenues un outil de piégeage et de manipulation sans contact de nanoparticules. Le piégeage optique à l'aide de fibres optiques est une approche complémentaire et polyvalente qui permet l’intégration aisée d'autres techniques expérimentales telles que la spectroscopie. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étudié le piégeage optique de nanoparticules à l'aide de deux configurations de pinces distinctes dans l'air et l'eau, respectivement. Le piégeage des particules dans l'air a été observé comme difficile, en utilisant un faisceau divergent produit par des fibres nanostructurées, car il ne pouvait pas attirer les particules vers le centre du faisceau lumineux. En revanche, le piégeage des particules dans l'eau s'est avéré très efficace, ce qui a été réalisé en utilisant deux pointes de fibres coniques opposées. Pour améliorer encore l'efficacité et la flexibilité de piégeage de cette configuration, nous avons implémenté deux fibres imprimées en 3D différentes: une lentille de Fresnel et des fibres à réflexion interne totale (TIR). Cette configuration expérimentale a été utilisée pour le piégeage optique et la caractérisation spectroscopique de nanobâtonnets dopés à l'europium en employant deux types de fibres différents. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié le piégeage stable de nanobâtonnets en contact vaec la pointe à l'aide d'un faisceau divergent. Deuxièmement, le piégeage efficace de nanobâtonnets a été réalisé en utilisant les faisceaux convergents à contre-propagation de deux fibres à lentille de Fresnel à une distance d'environ 200 µm entre ces fibres. Ces expériences de piégeage de nanorod ont été exploitées pour mesurer la direction et l'émission de photoluminescence Eu3+ résolue en polarisation. L’émission dépendant de la polarisation a été étudiée dans une direction perpendiculaire par rapport à l'axe de la nanobâtonnet, ce qui a permis de déterminer la polarisation σ et π des transitions dipolaires électriques et magnétiques. Nous avons déterminé avec précision l'orientation des nanobâtonnets piégés optiquement à l'aide de vidéos de piégeage et de moyens spectroscopiques. Cela nous motive en outre pour une analyse spectroscopique plus rapide de ces nanobâtonnets du point de vue des expériences microrhéologiques. Dans la dernière expérience, nous avons piégé des nanoparticules d'oxyde plasmonique dans le but d'étudier leur d'absorption optique pour des applications de bio-détection.Since the past few decades, optical tweezers have emerged as a tool for contactless trapping and manipulating nanoparticles. The optical trapping using optical fibers is a complementary and versatile approach that allows easy integration of other experimental techniques such as spectroscopy. In this context, we have studied the optical trapping of nanoparticles using two distinct fiber tweezers setups in air and water, respectively. The particle trapping in air has been observed as challenging, using a diverging beam produced by nanostructured fibers, since it could not pull the particles towards the center of the light beam. In contrast, the particle trapping in water has appeared to be very efficient, which has been realized using two counter-facing tapered fiber tips. To further enhance the trapping efficiency and flexibility of this setup, we have implemented two different 3D printed fibers: Fresnel lens and total internal reflection (TIR)-probe fibers. This experimental setup has been used for optical trapping and spectroscopic characterization of europium-doped nanorods by employing two different fiber types. Firstly, we have studied the stable nanorod trapping in tip-contact using a diverging beam producing beam fiber. Secondly, the efficient nanorod trapping has been realized using the counter-propagating converging beams of two Fresnel lens fibers at about 200 µm distance between these fibers. These nanorod trapping experiments have been exploited for measuring the direction and polarization-resolved Eu3+ photoluminescence emission. A polarization-dependent emission has been studied in a perpendicular direction with respect to the nanorod axis, which allowed the determination of σ and π-polarization of emission electric and magnetic dipole transitions. We have precisely determined the orientation of optically trapped nanorods using trapping videos and spectroscopic means. It further motivates us for faster spectroscopic analysis of these nanorods from the perspective of microrheologic experiments. In the last experiment, we have trapped plasmonic oxide nanoparticles in the aspect of studying their light absorption feature for bio-sensing applications
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