1,721,292 research outputs found
Rescued by Europe? : Social and Labour Market Reforms in Italy from Maastricht to Berlusconi
No full textAls een gevolg van de politieke en economische onrust gedurende lange tijd in de naoorlogse periode, werd Italië gezien als het 'zwarte schaap' binnen de Europese Gemeenschap. Scherpe ideologische tegenstellingen, chronische bestuurlijke instabiliteit, een inefficiënte bureaucratie, abrupte sociaal-economische ontwikkelingen, georganiseerde misdaad en onevenwichtige overheidsfinanciën droegen alle bij aan een negatief imago. Midden jaren negentig kondigde Italië echter een grondige economische en sociale reorganisatie aan om zodoende aan de bekende voorwaarden van Maastricht te voldoen en lid te worden van de Economische en Monetaire Unie (EMU). In Rescued by Europe? onderzoeken Ferrera en Gualmini dit proces aan de hand van de gevolgen ervan voor het bestuurlijk en sociaal beleid. De auteurs betogen dat de beperkingen en de kansen die voortkwamen uit de Europese integratie de drijvende kracht zijn geweest achter de positieve ontwikkeling van Italië, maar dat Italië nog een lange weg te gaan heeft voor volledige integratie. "Two of Italy's foremost public policy specialists, Ferrera and Gualmini, are well placed to tell the story of how Italian political elites, long oriented towards buying off opposition and vested interests by expanding a bloated public debt, were finally confronted with reality by EMU membership criteria. Rescued by Europe? is both a fascinating narrative of how governments, employers and unions responded to the EMU imperatives and an in-depth analysis of how Italy's idiosyncratic labor markets and welfare system function, both for good and ill." Martin Rhodes, european University Institute, Florence, Ital
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Thermoplasmonics of Ag Nanoparticles in a Variable-Temperature Bath
No full textSilver represents, by and large, the best plasmonic metal available, due to its very low optical losses in a broad photon-energy range encompassing all the visible optical spectrum. Its performances are, more often than not, severely hampered by the presence of a few-nanometer thick surface-tarnish layer; thermal annealing under high-vacuum (HV) conditions may however lead to its decomposition, thereby allowing to attain the clean-metal response. Here, we report an experimental investigation of the temperature dependence of the plasmonic response of Ag nanoparticles, either clean or tarnished, by means of in situ optical spectroscopies under HV conditions. For tarnished nanoparticles, we observed the temperature dynamics of thermal decomposition of the contamination layer in real time and compared it with the corresponding behavior of spatially extended, flat surfaces. For clean Ag nanoparticles we witness instead a remarkable temperature invariance of the localized-plasmon response, indicating Ag as a potential candidate for temperature-invariant thermoplasmonics applications
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