76 research outputs found
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS PADA PT. ALWAN ZAHIRA TAHUN 2010-2012 DI SAMARINDA
No full textProfitability is the ratio which aims to determine the company's ability to generate profits for a certain period and also give an idea of the effectiveness of management in their operation.The problems of this paper is formulated ; Profitability is at. Alwan Zahira has increased from year 2010-2012 ? By hypothesis Profitability at. Alwan Zahira from 2010 to 2012 has increased. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of profitability. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of profitabitas at. Alwan Zahira in Samarinda from 2010-2012.Basic theory used is financial management by using tools of analysis and hypothesis testing are: Gross Profit Margin , Operating Profit Margin , Net Profit Margin, Return On Investment ( ROI ) and Total Assets Turn Over .Based on these discussions , it is generally known that the ratio of profitability at PT . Alwan Zahira tend to fluctuate from year 2010-2012 , so in this case the authors hypothesis is rejected , given the proposed hypothesis is the author of " Profitability in PT. Alwan Zahira from 2010 to 2012 has increase
Prognostic Factors in Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
No full textThrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is a rare disorder in which
ADAMTS13 deficiency, either congenital (cTTP) or acquired (immune-TTP),
leads to circulating ultra-large VWF multimers and microthrombi formation with
potentially catastrophic results. Alongside laboratory studies, the UK TTP
Registry was used to assess the prognostic impact of several variables.
312 immune mediated-TTP episodes were evaluated to assess the impact of
anti-ADAMTS13 antibody, ADAMTS13 antigen, troponin and neurological
symptoms on prognosis. A raised troponin conferred a sixfold increase in
mortality (12.1% vs 2.0%, p=0.04), whilst neurological symptoms increased the
risk ninefold (20% vs 2.2%, p<0.0001). Both antibody and antigen levels
affected outcomes with 27.3% mortality seen in those with antibody levels in the
highest quartile and antigen levels in the lowest quartile.
73 cTTP patients had genetic analysis. Mutation location affected onset age
with pre-spacer domain mutations more associated with earlier presentation
(p=0.0011). Prophylactic ADAMTS13 replacement despite normal blood counts
improved subacute symptoms such as headache, lethargy and abdominal pain
and decreased stroke incidence. In separate research, a shear flow assay was
developed to replicate ADAMTS13-VWF binding in cTTP. Analysis of 22
patients showed increase thrombus formation which improved with ADAMTS13
replacement and the addition of antiplatelet therapy to prophylactic regimens
appeared to offer the most comprehensive reduction in microthrombi formation.
For both cTTP and immune-TTP, neurological symptoms at presentation are an
especially important factor with an impact on long term morbidity. MRI scanning
of 131 patients after an acute event found those with neurological symptoms
were significantly more likely to have an abnormal cerebral MRI compared to a
headache only (80% vs. 18%, p<0·0001). An abnormal MRI was associated
with lower verbal and performance IQ, suggestive of functional decline (verbal
IQ 85 vs. 99, p=0·02, performance IQ 83 vs. 100, p=0·02)
Nieważność małżeństwa z tytułów braku formy kanonicznej i przeszkody różności religii w kontekście sprawy spadkowej w świetle wyroku Roty Rzymskiej c. Alwan z dnia 22 października 2009 roku
No full textThe study presented by the author is a commentary on the sentence issued by of Roman Rota c. Alwan of 22 October 2009. In this case, the process of marriage annulment started on the grounds of lack of canonical form and disparity of cult. The rotal Turnus decided for the validity of the marriage since the regulations concerning the canonical form were met. During the trial, it was also proved that disparity cult dispensation was rightly granted
Systematik, Taxonomie, Phylogenie und Zoogeographie des Capoeta damascina-Artenkomplexes (Pisces: Teleostei: Cyprinidae) auf der Grundlage vergleichend-morphologischer und molekulargenetischer Untersuchungen
No full textDer Damaskus-Weißling Capoeta damascina (Pisces: Teleostei: Cyprinidae) kommt in der Levante, in Mesopotamien und in Teilen der Türkei und des Iran vor. Dort ist er eine der häufigsten Fischarten. Aufgrund der Trockenheit dieser Region besteht der Lebensraum dieser Art aus vielen von einander isolierten Gewässern. Vor der hier vorgelegten Studie war nicht klar, ob es sich bei C. damascina um eine Art handelt, oder aber um einen Komplex nah verwandter Arten, die sich durch hohe intraspezifische und geringe interspezifische Variabilität auszeichnen. Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchungen war es, anhand morphologischer und molekulargenetischer Daten die phylogenetische Position des C. damascina-Artenkomplexes zu ermitteln und die Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen der Arten untereinander zu klären. Um die Arten gegeneinander abzugrenzen und wichtige diagnostische Merkmale zu ermitteln, wurden Fischsammlungen großer europäischer Museen vergleichend-morphologisch untersucht. Dabei galt den Typen der nominellen Arten dieses Komplexes besonderes Augenmerk. Zur Klärung der Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen wurden Sequenzen der mitochondrialen Cytochrom-c-Oxidase (COI, n = 103) und der zwei benachbarten variablen Regionen (D1-D2) des nukleären 28S-rRNA-Gens (LSU, n = 65) mit Hilfe unterschiedlicher phylogenetischer Rekonstruktionsalgorithmen ausgewertet. Als Ergebnis werden innerhalb des C. damascina-Artenkomplexes die folgenden sechs Arten als gültig anerkannt: Capoeta buhsei, C. caelestis, C. damascina, C. saadii, C. umbla und die bisher unbeschriebene Art Capoeta sp. 1. Die Analyse der morphometrischen und meristischen Daten zeigt ein hohes Maß an phenotypischer Variabilität zwischen den unterschiedlichen Populationen derselben Art, sowie zwischen den verschiedenen Arten. Dieses Phänomen ist genetischen Faktoren, dem Einfluss von Umweltbedingungen bzw. einer Kombination aus beidem zu erklären. Die phylogenetischen Analysen zeigen zwei genetische Linien innerhalb des C. damascina-Artenkomplexes: eine westliche Linie mit den Arten C. caelestis, C. damascina und C. umbla; so wie eine östliche Linie mit den Arten C. buhsei, C. saadii und Capoeta sp. 1. Die enge Verwandtschaft zwischen C. damascina und C. umbla zeigt sich unter anderem dadurch, dass ein Exemplar von C. damascina aus dem Euphrat den selben COI-Haplotypen aufweist wie ein Exemplar von C. umbla aus dem Tigris. Hierfür gibt es drei mögliche Erklärungen: Mitochondriale Introgression, nahe zurückliegende Artbildung oder eine Kombination aus beidem. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es sich bei den sechs genannten Taxa um junge Arten handelt und ihre Entstehung und heutige Verbreitung im Wesentlichen durch pleistozäne Ereignisse geprägt wurde. Die Besiedlung des Iran erfolgte vermutlich während einer der früheren pleistozänen Meeresspiegeltiefstände und führte zur Abspaltung der östlichen Linie von der mesopotamischen Ausgangspopulation. Die östliche Linie konnte in humiden Phasen des Pleistozäns die verschiedenen Flusssysteme des südlichen und zentralen Iran besiedeln wo sich die Arten C. buhsei, C. saadii und Capoeta sp. 1 bildeten. Nach der Abspaltung der östlichen Linie breitete sich die westliche Linie von Mesopotamien in die Levante aus. Dies geschah ebenfalls während des Pleistozäns, als die Oberläufe der westlichen Zuflüsse des Euphrats mit dem Ceyhan verbunden waren. Vom Ceyhan aus erfolgte die Ausbreitung in die Flüsse der südlichen Türkei, die zu Perioden niedriger Meeresspiegelstände über die verlängerten Unterläufe miteinander verbunden waren. Auf diese Weise wurde der Seyhan/Göksu besiedelt und die Art C. caelestis entstand. Die Schwesterpopulation differenzierte sich in die Arten C. damascina und C. umbla. Sehr wahrscheinlich besiedelte C. damascina während des späten Pleistozäns die Levante und die südliche Türkei. Dies wird durch die geringe genetische Differenzierung der Art belegt. Direkte Süßwasserverbindungen, die als Ausbreitungsroute für C. damascina zwischen den Gewässersystemen der Levante dienten, existierten zu Zeiten niedriger Meeresspiegelstände. Die hier vorgelegte Arbeit beinhaltet eine detaillierte Neubewertung des taxonomischen Status der behandelten Arten. Sechs nah verwandte Arten werden als gültig anerkannt. Das rezente Verbreitungsmuster dieser Arten wird vor dem Hintergrund der geologischen Entwicklung des Verbreitungsgebietes, ökologischer Faktoren so wie der Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen den Arten und ihrer Evolutionsgeschichte erklärt.Capoeta damascina (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) is one of the most common freshwater fish species, found throughout the Levant, Mesopotamia, Turkey and Iran. According to the state of knowledge prior to this study, C. damascina, which is distributed over a wide range of isolated water bodies, was not a well-defined species. It was questionable whether it represents a single species or a complex of closely related species with high intraspecific and comparatively low interspecific variability. The goal of this study was to investigate the taxonomy, systematic position of the C. damascina species complex and the phylogenetic relationships among its members, based on morphological features as well as molecular phylogeny. Samples obtained from throughout the geographic range of this species complex were subjected to comparative morphological analyses in order to define, properly diagnose and separate species within the C. damascina complex. To elucidate phylogenetic relationships among members of the C. damascina species complex, samples were subjected to genetic analyses, using two molecular markers targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI, n = 103) and the two adjacent divergence regions (D1-D2) of the nuclear 28S rRNA genes (LSU, n = 65). Based on morphological and molecular genetic data, six closely related species were recognized within the C. damascina complex: C. buhsei, C. caelestis, C. damascina, C. saadii, C. umbla and an undescribed species, Capoeta sp.1. Analyses of the morphometric and meristic data obtained in this study revealed phenotypic variability among the various populations within a species and among the different species. Such differences in morphological characters reflect genetic differences, environmentally induced phenotypic variation or both, as the meristic phenotype of fish is sometimes a consequence of environmental parameters acting on the genotype. Based on phylogenetic analyses, two main lineages were identified within the C. damascina species complex: a western lineage represented by C. caelestis, C. damascina and C. umbla and an eastern lineage represented by C. buhsei, C. saadii and Capoeta sp.1. The close phylogenetic relationships between C. damascina and C. umbla and the sharing of same haplotypes between one specimen of C. damascina from Euphrates and another of C. umbla from Tigris reflect one of three possibilites: recent speciation, mitochondrial introgression or a combination of both. The results obtained in this study indicate that speciation of the above-mentioned six taxa is quite recent and that their dispersal and present-day distribution can be related to Pleistocene events. The drying out of the Persian Gulf, probably during one of the first glacials of the Pleistocene, led the ancestor of the C. damascina species complex in Mesopotamia to reach the rivers of the Gulf and of Hormuz basins and differentiate there, giving rise to the eastern lineage (ancestor of C. buhsei, C. saadii and Capoeta sp.1). As connections presumably existed among the different river drainages and basins in Iran during the wet periods of the Pleistocene, the ancestor of C. buhsei, C. saadii and Capoeta sp.1 was subsequently able to colonize the various Iranian drainages and differentiate there, giving rise to C. buhsei, C. saadii and Capoeta sp.1. After the separation from the eastern lineage, the western lineage, represented by the ancestor of C. damascina, C. umbla and C. caelestis, most likely reached the Levant from the Tigris-Euphrates system during the Pleistocene glacials, when river connections existed in the regions of the upper courses of Ceyhan Nehri (southern Turkey) and some western affluents to the Euphrates. From Ceyhan Nehri, it dispersed into other rivers in southern Turkey during Pleistocene periods of low sea levels until it reached Göksu Nehri and evolved into C. caelestis. The sister population differentiated into C. damascina and C. umbla. Based on the results obtained in this study, it is likely that C. damascina colonized the Levant and southern Turkey during the Pleistocene glacials. This is well supported by the low genetic variability among the C. damascina populations. Direct connections existed among the river drainages in the Levant during the Pleistocene periods of low sea level, thus serving as a pathway for the dispersal of C. damascina. The results of this study provide a coherent picture of the taxonomic position, phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the C. damascina species complex and explain present patterns of distribution considering paleogeographic events
Forms of Constructing the Narrative Event in the Stories of( Mohammed Alwan Jabor )Group of ( Socrates' Apple ) As a Model
No full textThe pages of this research are an attempt to study that close relationship which links between the narrative event and time by studying the patterns of building the narrative event in the stories (The Apple of Socrates) by the storyteller (Mohammed Alwan Jabor) . This is due to the exceptional importance of these stories in the course of the short story for the prestigious position that its writer enjoys among the story writers in Iraq
Through research . We found that the formats for constructing the narrative event in this collection of stories were organized into only four types with the difference in the proportions of their use by the author from one format to another
The writer used (sequential construction) when the narrative events are moving in an ascending line . It is used (overlapping construction) when the narrative events overlap each other . And there is no need to know their chronological sequence . He also used (parallel construction) in those stories that include telling two stories or more at the same time. As for stories that include telling the same event several times and from different points of view where are used repetitive construction
This diversity has helped in the use of these methods of building on the storyteller ( Mohammad Alwan Jabor ) access to the field of narrative experimentation from its widest doors
Interventions using social networking sites to promote contraception in women of reproductive age
No full textBackgroundSocial networking sites (SNSs) have great potential as a platform for public health interventions to address the unmet need for contraception.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of interventions using SNSs to promote the uptake of and adherence to contraception in reproductive‐age women.Search methodsWe searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and six other databases on January 2018. We also searched Google Scholar, key conference proceedings, checked the reference lists of included studies, and contacted study authors to identify additional studies.Selection criteriaWe considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non‐randomised interventional studies (NRS) in women of reproductive age. SNSs requiring a social profile within a bounded or restricted‐access system of shared connections were included. We also included trials that utilised SNSs only or as an adjunct to an intervention. Studies had to have a follow‐up outcome assessment of at least three months.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently screened titles, abstracts and full‐text studies, and extracted data from included studies. A third author was assigned to arbitrate areas of disagreement. Authors assessed risk of bias according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We were unable to conduct a meta‐analysis due to the heterogeneity of the study designs and outcome measures.Main resultsOf the 461 unique records found, only two studies met our inclusion criteria. Both studies were conducted in the USA and were at high risk of bias. One RCT included 2284 women exposed to a web‐based SNS or nothing. The groups were no different post intervention in their self‐reported consistency of contraceptive use or knowledge of the relative effectiveness of different methods. There was a small but significant increase in the use of more effective methods (long‐acting reversible methods) at 12 months' follow‐up.The second study, a cluster RCT with 1578 women, used a closed Facebook page showing sexual health content compared to a modified Facebook news page that avoided sexual health content. They found no differences in the use of condoms at last act of sexual intercourse at six months or the intention to use condoms between the intervention and control groups.Authors' conclusionsDespite the prevalence of SNSs, we found little scientific evidence to support the use of SNSs to improve contraceptive use or adherence among women.<br/
Important counsels to kings and imams by Shaykh ʻAlwan (ʻAli Ibn ʻAttiyyah al-Hamawi) ; translation, with a historic introduction, the biography of the author and commentaries on the text
No full textThis thesis is intended to be an analysis of a book entitled Important Counsels to Kings and Imams. It is, in the same time, a research on the book\u27s author, named Alwan Ibn Atiyyah al-Hamawi. Alwan was a Syrian muslim scholar, who lived in the sixteenth century. Alwan witnessed the Ottoman conquering of Syria, so, he wrote his book, Important Counsels to Kings and Imams, as a reflection of his views toward the Ottoman regime. Alwan addressed his book to Sultan Selim I, encouraging him to establish justice through the religious law, the Sharia.
The thesis is composed of four main sections; which are the following: The Middle East in the time of Alwan. This section contains a short history of the Islamic states and the political relations among them. Those states were the Ottoman Turks in Anatolia, the Safawid Dynasty in Persia and the Mamluks\u27 State in Egypt. Life and career of Shaykh Alwan, his education and his influence upon his society and students. Analysis and commentaries on the manuscript, “Important Counsels to Kings and Imams.” This section discusses the causes and goals of writing the book, the issues, which Alwan talked about, and finally the style of writing and organizing of the book. Complete English translation of the Arabic copy including all those chapters which are arranged by the author of the book, Shaykh Alwan.
The writer of this thesis has faced several problems with collecting information about Alwan\u27s life, tracing prophetic hadiths and Quranic ayats, that Alwan included in his book, also translating an old manuscript, written in a classic language.
Although, Alwan was one of the leading sixteenth century scholars and mystics, he has not been well-known to editors and publishers in this time in the Arab world. Only two books, out of twenty-four books and essays, are published.
All those references which I have used at Portland State University Library and al-Zahiriyya Library in Damascus, mention little information about the life and career of Alwan; especially his family and early life.
As for Quranic ayats and prophetic hadiths, which Alwan included in his book, all were mentioned without references or footnotes. Therefore, the writer footnoted every aya, but in the case of those hadiths, it was almost impossible to trace every hadith used in Alwan\u27s book, and evaluate them according to texts, because of the writer\u27s limited knowledge of the Science of Hadith.
Alwan\u27s book, which exists in manuscript form only, is grammatically correct in language, and the style of writing is generally good. However, the translation was difficult because some ideas are not clear and some classic Arabic words must be fully understood by using old Arabic dictionaries, then English dictionaries.
It seems that Alwan penned his thoughts haphazardly because the book seems rather unorganized in its contents. Alwan divided his book into twenty-seven chapters. In fact some of those chapter titles are not necessary. He, sometimes, discussed some issues more than once, such as alcohol and adultery.
Alwan in his book discussed numerous social problems. and issues, i.e., alms, commanding good, forbidding evils, adultery, alcohol, wearing pure gold for men, decorations of cities for the Sultan\u27s joy, land taxes, and enslaving free people, all attempting to set rules for the Sultan\u27s judgment.
At any rate the manuscript Important Counsels to Kings and Imams reflects the attitudes of a Syrian Arab scholar toward the new Ottoman regime that conquered Syria and Egypt between 1516-1517.
Alwan and his book are a significant commentary of Islamic history of Syria and Egypt in the beginning of the sixteenth century. This research shows that Alwan felt that the regime of Sultan Selim I was not following its responsibilities toward the Sharia and the, only law of the Empire. The most important consideration for Alwan, in his manuscript, was his concern for justice for the subjects of the Ottoman Empire. His goal in writing that book was that all people should benefit from the Quran and Sharia, and that justice would be established through only the religious law (Sharia) within the Ottoman Empire
Assessing thrombogenesis and treatment response in congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
No full textDespite clinical remission and normal platelet counts, congenital TTP (cTTP) is associated with non-overt symptoms. Prophylactic ADAMTS13 replacement therapy such as plasma infusion (PI) prevents acute episodes and improves symptomatology. There is no current method to investigate disease severity or monitor the impact of treatment. We utilize a dynamic high shear flow assay to further understand disease pathophysiology and determine the impact of cTTP on symptomatology and therapy, despite normal platelet counts. Whole blood, under high shear, was run over collagen-coated channels, causing platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers. The resulting surface coverage by platelet-VWF thrombus was assessed. The normal range was 6-39% in 50 controls. Twenty-two cTTP patients with normal platelet counts were evaluated. Median pre-treatment surface coverage was 89%, and PI reduced coverage to a median of 44% (p = 0.0005). Patients taking antiplatelets had further reduced coverage when combined with PI and improved non-overt symptoms such as headache, lethargy, and abdominal pain in 100% of patients compared to 74% with PI alone (p = 0.046). We use a dynamic assay to report increased in vitro platelet adhesion and aggregation and additionally demonstrate significantly decreased thrombi following PI, with levels in the normal range levels achieved in patients taking additional antiplatelet therapy
Representations of the educated character in the novels of Muhammad Hassan Alwan
No full textهذه دراسة تتناول تمثيلات شخصية المثقف كما تصورها الروائي السعودي محمد حسن علوان في مجمل رواياته، بعد أن احتفى بهذه الشخصية وجعل حضورها فاعلا في نصوصه الروائية الخمسة، من هنا تتشكل أهمية الدراسة وأسئلة إشكاليتها، فأهميتها تنبع من المساحة التي منحها علوان لشخصية المثقف، فضلا عن الحمولات الثقافية والسياسية والاجتماعية التي أناطها بها، فضلا عن تنوع هذه الشخصية بين معاصرة، وأخرى قادمة من التاريخ، الأمر الذي كشف عن إشكالية رئيسية مدارها مجمل التصورات التي رسمها محمد حسن علوان لشخصية المثقف، والمسؤولية التي تكفلت بها في السرد. فهل كانت هذه الشخصيات صدى لشخصيته بوصفه مثقفا فاعلا في المشهد الثقافي السعودي!!، وهل تمكنت هذه الشخصيات من القيام بأدوارها الثقافية التنويرية!!، وأي تلك التمثيلات حقق قدرة فائقة على أداء دوره المجتمعي!! وأيها تقاعس وخان؟
من النتائج التي تتوقع الدراسة بلوغها، الحضور الاستثنائي للشخصية المثقفة في روايات علوان، ثم تنوعها، وتباين وعيها بدورها التنويري، انتهاء إلى دور السياق الثقافي في صناعة تلك التصورات. This study deals with the representations of the personality of the intellectual as envisioned by the Saudi novelist Muhammad Hassan Alwan in all his novels, as he celebrated this personality and made it actively present in his five works of fiction. Its importance stems from the role Alwan gave to the character of the intellectual, as well as the cultural, political, and social responsibilities he assigned to it. Added to this is the diversity of this personality, including the contemporary and the historical. This revealed a major problem centered on the overall representations the author has of the character of the intellectual and the responsibility he assumes in the narration. Were these characters echoes of his personality as an active intellectual in the Saudi cultural scene!! And were these characters able to play their enlightening cultural roles!! Who was idle and who was a traitor? Among the results the study expects to achieve is the exceptional presence and diversity of the intellectual character in Alwan's novels, as well as the disparity of his awareness of the intellectual’s enlightening role, ending with the role of the cultural context in creating these representations
Warunek co do przyszłości (kan. 1102 § 1 KPK) w wyroku Roty Rzymskiej c. Alwan z dnia 18 kwietnia 2008 roku
No full textThe rotal sentence c. Alwan, concerning marriage between Edmund and Emma, concluded on April 23, 1985, was passed. Marriage was not a happy one from the beginning and the wife, after serious misunderstandings and conflicts, definitely left home, taking a six-month-old child with her (July 3, 1986).
On May 29, 1989 the man asked the Ecclesiastical Court in Radom to declare his marriage null and void on the basis of simulation of marriage consent by the woman. On September 25, 1990, a negative sentence was passed. On February 9, 1993, Edmund initiated a new case (in the same court) on the basis of de future condition made by him in relation to the defendant (that she would move to his family home to help his elderly parents on their farm), which she did not met. On January 28, 1995, a sentence declaring the marriage null and void was passed. It was revoked by the Court of Appeals in Częstochowa. The case was taken to the Roman Rota (in the third instance) where, on April 18, 2008, a positive sentence, declaring the marriage null and void, was passed.
The author provides a commentary on the rotal sentence highlighting the thoroughness of auditors when assessing the condition which was not met by the defendant
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