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Patienters upplevelser av långvarig smärta - En litteraturstudie
No full textBakgrund: Som grundutbildad sjuksköterska består vardagen av möten med många människor med olika besvär. En specifik patientgrupp som troligen kommer att öka i takt med att livslängden ökar är den som lider av eller är drabbad av långvarig smärta. Då långvarig smärta är ett fenomen som upplevs ytterst individuellt krävs det en god omvårdnad med personcentrerad vård. Den individuella upplevelsen innebär att det inte finns en behandling som fungerar för alla och därav är det viktigt att se till vad som passar den enskilda individen så att den mest effektiva behandlingen kan tillämpas. Syfte: Att belysa patienters upplevelser av långvarig smärta utifrån befintlig forskning. Metod: Litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats tillämpades. Databaserna PubMed och CINAHL genomsöktes och relevanta artiklar granskades och totalt användes elva artiklar i litteraturstudiens resultat. Alla artiklarna var av kvalitativ metod och analyserades med hjälp av att följa de fem stegen till innehållsanalys som Forsberg & Wengström (2016) beskriver. Resultat: Det resultat som framkom av analysen presenteras genom två teman; förändrad livsstil och smärthantering med två kategorier vardera. Faktorer såsom sömn, fysisk aktivitet och hanteringsstrategier var återkommande. Det mest oväntade fyndet i resultatet var att patienterna inte värdesatte läkemedelsbehandlingen högst utan önskade finna alternativa behandlingar såsom akupunktur och massage. Konklusion: Patientupplevelser är ett värdefullt material som ger insyn i hur den individuella patienten upplever sitt tillstånd och sin omgivning. Litteraturstudien gav ett samstämmigt resultat gällande vilka faktorer som ansågs prioriterade av patienterna för att underlätta deras situation med långvarig smärta. Den individuella variationen framhävdes i resultatet då en del av patienter ansåg att fysisk aktivitet var lindrande medan andra inte ville röra sig alls. Denna variation innebär att det som sjuksköterska är viktigt att se till personen inte patienten och därmed utforma personcentrerad vård och minska personens lidande och patientens symtom.Background: As a registreted nurse every day is based on care meetings with humans with different problems. There is one specific group of patients´that seems to increase in number due to increased time of living, patients with chronic pain. Chronic pain is a phenomenon that everyone have different experiences about due to the individual perception which requires good caring based on person centered needs. The individual experience of pain means that there is no treatment that is general, therefore the person centered care is needed to find the most efficient treatment for each individual. Aim: The aim of this literature review is to illustrate the experiences that patients´ have of chronic pain based on existing research. Method: The literature review was made with a qualitative approach. Databases as PubMed and CINAHL were searched through and the articles found relevant for answering the aim of the literature review was audited and a total of eleven articles was used in the result. All of the articles were analyzed according to the five steps described by Forsberg and Wengström (2016). Findings: The result of the literature review was presented by two themes; changed lifestyle and pain management with two categories each. The literature review came up with a similiar results about which factors that had the highest priority according to the patient to ease their situation with chronic pain. Sleep, physical activity and coping strategies were recurrent throughout the literature review. The most unexpected found result was that patients did not value the pain-relieving drugs the highest, they rather wanted to find alternative treatment such as acupuncture and massage. Conclusion: Patient experiences is a valuable information that provides insight for the situation the patient is in and in the surroundings of the patient. There is a variation among the patients that is showed in the result. Some patients used physical activity as a pain relief, others did not wanted to move at all. This variation highlights the importance of the nurse working in line with person centered care. By doing so the nurse can ease the person´s suffering and comfort the symtoms of the patient
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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