148 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-srd-10.1177_23780231231217821 – Supplemental material for Black Disadvantage or Advantage? Misalignment between State and Popular Understandings of Blackness in Mexico
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-srd-10.1177_23780231231217821 for Black Disadvantage or Advantage? Misalignment between State and Popular Understandings of Blackness in Mexico by Christina A. Sue, Fernando Riosmena and Edward Telles in Socius</p
Explaining the immigrant health advantage: self-selection and protection in health-related factors among five major national-origin immigrant groups in the United States
No full textDespite being newcomers, immigrants often exhibit better health relative to native-born populations in industrialized societies. We extend prior efforts to identify whether self-selection and/or protection explain this advantage. We examine migrant height and smoking levels just prior to immigration to test for self-selection; and we analyze smoking behavior since immigration, controlling for self-selection, to assess protection. We study individuals aged 20–49 from five major national origins: India, China, the Philippines, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic. To assess self-selection, we compare migrants, interviewed in the National Health and Interview Surveys (NHIS), with nonmigrant peers in sending nations, interviewed in the World Health Surveys. To test for protection, we contrast migrants’ changes in smoking since immigration with two counterfactuals: (1) rates that immigrants would have exhibited had they adopted the behavior of U.S.-born non-Hispanic whites in the NHIS (full “assimilation”); and (2) rates that migrants would have had if they had adopted the rates of nonmigrants in sending countries (no-migration scenario). We find statistically significant and substantial self-selection, particularly among men from both higher-skilled (Indians and Filipinos in height, Chinese in smoking) and lower-skilled (Mexican) undocumented pools. We also find significant and substantial protection in smoking among immigrant groups with stronger relative social capital (Mexicans and Dominicans)
Revista de Estudios Sociales n° 76 - 2021 : Cambio climático, ecología política y migraciones en Norte, Centro y Sur América
No full textDossier Magaly Sánchez-R y Fernando Riosmena Cambio climático global, ecología política y migración Global Climate Change, Political Ecology and Migration Mudança climática global, ecologia política e migração Bernardo Bolaños-Guerra y Rafael Calderón-Contreras Desafíos de resiliencia para disminuir la migración inducida por causas ambientales desde Centroamérica Challenges of Resilience to Reducing Environmentally Induced Migration from Central America Desafios de resiliência para diminu..
Overlap and Interrelations Between (Im)mobility Motivations
No full textScholarship in Migration Studies and Forced Migration and Refugee Studies recognizes that migration and immobility can be the result of various, mixed motivations. Empirical work and conceptualizations of forced and “lifestyle” migration consider some of this complexity. Scholarship on immobility has also examined various, mixed motives. Finally, migration theory development has recently begun to incorporate various “non-economic” motivations, mainly into frameworks originally aimed at tackling economic/labor migrations, mainly integrating force and/or environmental factors. However, efforts to conceptualize and theorize on how and why motivations overlap or are interrelated (positively or negatively) are more scant, less explicit, and less systematic. In this paper, I provide a broad systematic taxonomy of migration and immobility motivation overlap and interrelation. First, I describe the six main (im)mobility motivations discussed in the literature—namely economic, labor-related, safety-related, environmental, family-related, and related to self-fulfillment—organizing them around the degree to which they are driven by extrinsic and/or intrinsic rewards and costs. Second, I provide a general typology of possible ways in (im)mobility motivations become “alternative” to and/or concurrent with each other, and how these instances operate at individual and/or population levels. Third, I examine how the different motivations fit within three important theories of micro-level decision-making in the literature, exploring different points of overlap and interrelation between mechanisms within and across analytical perspectives. I conclude discussing the potential implications of this motivation integration.The University of Colorado at Boulder; The University of Texas – San Antonio; National Science FoundationSociology and DemographyInstitute for Health Disparities Researc
Migration and Development, edited by OliverBakewell. 2012. Series: International Library of Studies on Migration. Cheltenham, U.K. and Northampton, Massachusetts: Edward Elgar. 877 + xi. ISBN 978-1-84980-970-2, $441.00.
No full textWithin, between, and beyond space-time: Three essays on Latin America-United States migratory dynamics
No full textThis dissertation deals with three aspects of Latin America - US migration dynamics using data from the Mexican and Latin American Migration Projects (MMP/LAMP). First, I look at period changes in first, return, and repeated migration probabilities while looking at differences between traditional and non-traditional origins in Mexico using a parity-duration formal demographic model. I find that people from traditional origins engaged in fewer and longer trips in more recent periods, and that people from nontraditional origins tended to engage in fewer and longer trips, and to start their migratory careers later in life. Second, I study the US-bound and return migration behavior of Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, Nicaraguans, and Costa Ricans. Using bi-level discrete-time event history analyses, I find that cross-country variation in out-migration can be greatly explained in terms of the availability and use people give to migration-related social capital (including potential access to documentation). People from non-traditional origins in Mexico do not only have quite different migration dynamics and more relative access to documentation than people from the heartland of migration. Heterogeneity in trip duration could be partially explained by differences in access in documentation and by family dynamics. Migration moves can thus be seen as part of a broader family-centered status- and economic-based mobility strategy, and that these motivations differ across countries given differential costs and benefits associated to the migration process. Finally, I analyze the association between marriage, family life cycle and US migration of various cohorts of Mexicans, and how this association may change across socioeconomic settings. Results from discrete-time event history analyses and the estimation of predicted age-specific probabilities under a life course perspective suggest that people were especially more likely to become US migrants while single rather than married in areas undergoing industrialization, while the singe-married migration gradient was lowest in traditional rural areas. A more attractive economic environment, the increased capacity of dual earner households, or the increased bargaining power of females within the household in industrializing areas could be explaining these trends
Policy Shocks: On the Legal Auspices of Latin American Migration to the United States
No full textThis article compares the transition into legal permanent residence (LPR) of Mexicans, Dominicans, and Nicaraguans. Dominicans had the highest likelihood of obtaining such residence, mostly sponsored by parents and spouses. Mexicans had the lowest LPR transition rates and presented sharp gender differentials in modes: women were found to be mostly legalized through husbands, while men were sponsored by their parents or through provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA). Nicaraguans stood in between, presenting few gender differences in rates and modes of transition and a heavy dependence on asylum and special provisions in immigration legislation. These patterns are found to stem from the interplay of conditions favoring the emigration of, and the specific immigration policy context faced by, migrant pioneers; the influence of social networks in reproducing the legal character of flows; and differences in the actual use of kinship ties as sponsors. The implications of these trends on the observed gendered patterns of migration from Latin America are discussed.</jats:p
Mapping perceptions of safety and danger in Medellin, Colombia: a study in the perceptual geography of urban crime
No full textThis study looks at perceptions of safety and danger regarding crime in Medellín, Colombia. I used two different datasets to look at this issue in both the specific situations that incite fear of crime and in the broader context of perceived safety and danger across the city as a whole. The first dataset comes from 42 interviews that I conducted with university students in May of 2009. The interviews consisted of a set of semi-structured questions followed by a cognitive mapping exercise, where I used a participatory mapping approach that I call interview mapping to record the participants‘ spatial perceptions of safety and danger across the city. The second dataset is the 2008 Quality of Life survey (ECV) conducted by the municipality of Medellin, which I used to rank the level of perceived security for each neighborhood in the city. Survey respondents were asked how they feel in their neighborhood regarding security on an ordinal scale from very safe to very dangerous. These two datasets provide different perspectives from which people perceive safety and danger in Medellin; the first being a perspective looking outward across the entire city and the second looking inward on one‘s neighborhood. Using fuzzy set theory in a qualitative GIS framework, the data were integrated to show the areas where perceived safety or danger corresponded between the interview and survey datasets. The results of this analysis identify the areas in the city which are perceived to have the highest and lowest levels of crime related danger
Mapping perceptions of safety and danger in Medellin, Colombia: a study in the perceptual geography of urban crime
No full textThis study looks at perceptions of safety and danger regarding crime in Medellín, Colombia. I used two different datasets to look at this issue in both the specific situations that incite fear of crime and in the broader context of perceived safety and danger across the city as a whole. The first dataset comes from 42 interviews that I conducted with university students in May of 2009. The interviews consisted of a set of semi-structured questions followed by a cognitive mapping exercise, where I used a participatory mapping approach that I call interview mapping to record the participants‘ spatial perceptions of safety and danger across the city. The second dataset is the 2008 Quality of Life survey (ECV) conducted by the municipality of Medellin, which I used to rank the level of perceived security for each neighborhood in the city. Survey respondents were asked how they feel in their neighborhood regarding security on an ordinal scale from very safe to very dangerous. These two datasets provide different perspectives from which people perceive safety and danger in Medellin; the first being a perspective looking outward across the entire city and the second looking inward on one‘s neighborhood. Using fuzzy set theory in a qualitative GIS framework, the data were integrated to show the areas where perceived safety or danger corresponded between the interview and survey datasets. The results of this analysis identify the areas in the city which are perceived to have the highest and lowest levels of crime related danger
- …
