2,035 research outputs found
Enabling genome editing in tropical maize lines through an improved, morphogenic regulator-assisted transformation protocol.
No full textHere, we report the successful GE of agronomically relevant tropical maize lines using a MR-based, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol previously optimized for the B104 temperate inbred line.Na publicação: Fernanda Rausch-Fernandes
Uma ferramenta de apoio ao processo de aprendizagem de algoritmos
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computaçã
Fibroblast growth factor 17 and bone morphogenetic protein 15 enhance cumulus expansion and improve quality of invitro-produced embryos in cattle
No full textAbstract not availableMariana Fernandes Machado, Ester Siqueira Caixeta, Jaqueline Sudiman, Robert B. Gilchrist, Jeremy G. Thompson, Paula Fernanda Lima, Christopher A. Price, José Buratin
An artificial fish swarm filter-based Method for constrained global optimization
No full textAna Maria A.C. Rocha, M. Fernanda P. Costa and Edite M.G.P. Fernandes, An Artificial Fish Swarm Filter-Based Method for Constrained Global Optimization, B. Murgante, O. Gervasi, S. Mirsa, N. Nedjah, A.M. Rocha, D. Taniar, B. Apduhan (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Part III, LNCS 7335, pp. 57–71, Springer, Heidelberg, 2012.An artificial fish swarm algorithm based on a filter methodology
for trial solutions acceptance is analyzed for general constrained
global optimization problems. The new method uses the filter set concept
to accept, at each iteration, a population of trial solutions whenever
they improve constraint violation or objective function, relative to the
current solutions. The preliminary numerical experiments with a wellknown
benchmark set of engineering design problems show the effectiveness
of the proposed method.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT
Hypoxys subrastratus Nunes & Campos & Mendonca & Cunha & Fernandes 2020, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Hypoxys subrastratus</i> (Bergroth, 1891) comb. nov. <p>(Figs. 11 A–E; 19 I–J; 22)</p> <p> <i>Edessa subrastrata</i> Bergroth, 1891: 233; Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 195 (catalog); Kirkaldy, 1909: 165 (catalog)</p> <p>Lectotype female. Minas Gerais, Brasil (MNHN). Examined.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> <b>BRAZIL. Pará:</b> ♀ Acará, Unamurú, III–66, L. Gomes leg. (RMNH); <b>Maranhão:</b> ♀ São Luís, AL 35–10359, 05–X–1984, A. Brisolla col. (IBSP); <b>Goiás:</b> ♂ Jataí, Faz. Aceiro, X–1962, Exp. Dep. Zool. (MZUSP); ♂ Corumba, Fazenda Monjolinho, 24–VI–1942, F. Lane (MZUSP); ♂ Campinas, Dez–1935, Spitz col. (MZUSP); <b>Minas Gerais:</b> ♀ Varginha, I–1954, S. A. Matos, <i>Edessa subrastrata</i> Bergroth, 1891 Fernandes J. A. M. 1999 Comp. w. TYPE. (FEM); <b>São Paulo:</b> ♀ 27–XII–1997, Fernandes, J. A. M. <i>Edessa subrastrata</i> Bergroth, 1891 Fernandes, J. A. M. 1999 Comp. w. TYPE (UFRG); ♂ Dr. MRAZ Collection National Museum Praha, Czech Republic (NMPC); ♀ Barueri, 10–VII–1966, K. Lenko col. (MZUSP); ♂ Penha, 14–III–1943, F. Lane (MZUSP); <b>Santa Catarina:</b> ♂ Nova Teutônia, 300–500 m, 11–1972, 27º11’B, 52º23’L, Fritz Plaumann (UFRG); <b>Rio Grande do Sul:</b> ♂ Porto Alegre, Jardim Botânico, 10–IX–2000, Fortes, N. F. Col. (UFRG); ♀ Pq. F. Est. Turvo, 19–I–1982, S. L. Bonnato, <i>Edessa subrastrata</i> Bergroth, 1891. Fernandes J. A. M. 1999. Comp. w. TYPE (UFRG); <b>ARGEN- TINA.</b> <b>Candelaria:</b> ♂ Missiones Loreto, IX–1955, F. H. Walz. (RMNH); <b>BOLIVIA. La Paz:</b> ♀ Yungas de La Paz, Dec–4–20–1955, 1200–1700m., M. Luiz E. Pena, Collector (USMN); <b>PARAGUAY. Paraguarí:</b> ♂ Parq. Nac. Ybycuí, 23–I–1981, RD Cave colr (USMN); no data: ♂ 8768, 72212 (MZUSP); ♂ 8768, 72213 (MZUSP); ♂ 7952,72442 (MZUSP).</p> <p> <b>Measurements.</b> total length: 14.6–17.2; head length: 2.1–2.3; head width: 3.3–3.6; pronotal width: 9.3–10.6; abdominal width: 7.4–9.1; length of antennal segments. I: 0.7–0.9; II: 0.7–0.9; III: 1.4–1.7; IV: 2.6–2.9; V: 2.7–2.9; interocular distance: 1.8–1.9; scutellum length: 6.8–7.7; scutellum width: 5.2–5.6; pronotal length: 3.3–3.8.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Punctures of anterior part of scutellum not on dark spots (Fig. 19I). Connexivum uniformly green (Fig. 19I). Abdomen ventrally with dark green transverse stripes on intersegmental areas and pseudosutures (Fig. 19J). Pronotum with punctures light brown or concolorous, sparser on disc. Cicatrices of pronotum with concolorous to dark punctures delimiting anterior sulci. Anterolateral margin of pronotum punctured. Scutellum with apex not punctured (Fig. 19I). Black spot of costal margin reaching approximately 1/4 of corial extension. Dorsal surface of abdomen green with lateral margins brown. Connexivum with some few concolorous punctures concentrated in excavated areas (Fig. 19I). Male (Fig.11 A–C). Dorsal rim of pygophore shallowly excavated, with rectangular median notch (Fig. 11A). Inner wall with large tumescence close posterolateral angles (Fig. 11B). Superior process of genital cup elliptic (Fig. 11B). Paramere large, hatchet-shaped; posterior lobe not developed. Proctiger strongly excavated laterally forming a conspicuous dorsal ridge (Fig. 11A,B); dense tuft of setae on lateral excavation; posterior face triangular and small (Fig. 11B). Ventral rim central excavation widely open; expansions small, slightly dorsally bent, not reaching level of posterolateral angle in ventral view (Fig. 11C). Female (Fig. 11D). Gonocoxites 8 posterior margin arched; inner angle rounded slightly projected over gonocoxites 9; sutural border with distal half in “U”. Gonapophysis 8 widely exposed.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> Bergroth (1891) related <i>Edessa subrastrata</i> to <i>E. triangularis</i> and <i>E</i>. <i>affinis</i>, but the morphological characteristics pointed by the author are, actually, shared by many species. <i>Hypoxys triangularis</i> is closer to <i>H. subrastratus</i> but is larger and has a smoky stripe on pronotum (Fig. 19E and 19I). <i>Edessa affinis</i> is smaller, its metasternal process has apices of the arms rounded and genitalia from both sexes are quite different from <i>H. subrastratus</i>. The male is described here for the first time.</p> <p> <b>Distribution (Fig. 22).</b> BRAZIL: Pará, Maranhão, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul; ARGENTINA: Candelaria; BOLIVIA: La Paz; PARAGUAY: Paraguarí.</p>Published as part of <i>Nunes, Benedito Mendes, Campos, Lourival Dias, Mendonca, Maria Thayane Da Silva, Cunha, Eduardo Victor De Paiva & Fernandes, Jose Antonio Marin, 2020, Revision of Hypoxys Amyot & Serville, 1843 stat. rest. (Heteroptera Pentatomidae), pp. 401-441 in Zootaxa 4742 (3)</i> on pages 423-425, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4742.3.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3677869">http://zenodo.org/record/3677869</a>
Challenges and strategies in hepatitis B screening in patients undergoing chemotherapy at a tertiary oncology center
No full textA infecção crônica pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) pode evoluir para complicações graves, como cirrose e suas complicações. Pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia apresentam risco aumentado de reativação viral e de desenvolvimento de complicações. Esse risco pode ser influenciado pelo grau e duração da imunossupressão, pela fase da infecção e pelo tipo de tratamento instituído. A imunossupressão pode, adicionalmente, favorecer o desenvolvimento da hepatite B oculta (OBI), definida como a presença de HBV-DNA detectável no sangue ou no tecido hepático em indivíduos com sorologia negativa para o antígeno de superfície do vírus B (HBsAg), com detecção de anticorpo contra o antígeno do core (anti-HBc IgG) e presença ou ausência de anticorpos contra o antígeno de superfície (anti-HBs). Este estudo teve como objetivos determinar a prevalência de marcadores da infecção pelo HBV em pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia; identificar casos de OBI; descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com marcadores positivos; avaliar o grau de fibrose hepática por métodos não invasivos; correlacionar os defechos clínicos com os regimes quimioterápicos; identificar barreiras ao rastreamento, diagnóstico e seguimento da infecção pelo HBV nesse cenário. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre 01/07/2022 e 30/07/2023. No período do estudo, 652 pacientes foram testados para HBsAg, anti-HBc e anti-HCV. Desses, 77 apresentaram anti-HBc positivo, sendo sete excluídos por HBsAg positivo. Dos 70 pacientes elegíveis (HBsAg negativo e anti-HBc positivo), foram incluídos 60 pacientes: 51 consentidos presencialmente e nove incluídos post mortem. Dez pacientes recusaram a participação ou não responderam ao convite. Elastografia hepática foi realizada em 43 pacientes. A amostra foi composta predominantemente por indivíduos procedentes dos Estados de São Paulo, Mato Grosso e Goiás, com idade média de 59,85 anos, predominância do sexo masculino e da raça branca. A especialidade oncológica mais representada foi a do aparelho digestivo. Observou-se alta prevalência de diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia e esteatose hepática. Os quimioterápicos mais frequentemente utilizados foram carboplatina, fluorouracil, oxaliplatina e paclitaxel. No que tange à avaliação de fibrose hepática, doze pacientes apresentaram APRI entre 0,5 e 1, e quatro pacientes tiveram APRI superior a 1. Apenas quatro pacientes apresentaram elastografia compatível com doença hepática crônica avançada compensada, sendo que em um deles o exame teve limitações técnicas. Observou-se que alterações de aminotransferases e plaquetopenia, efeitos colaterais frequentes e transitórios da quimioterapia, podem ter influenciado os valores dos escores APRI e FIB-4, como fatores de confusão. A elastografia hepática mostrou-se um método mais fidedigno para avaliação de fibrose, embora também apresente limitações. A carga viral do HBV foi realizada em 26 pacientes, com detecção de viremia positiva em dois casos, sendo que em um deles houve flutuação das aminotransferases. Assim, na população do presente estudo, a prevalência de exposição prévia ao vírus da hepatite B foi 10,7% e de portadores ativos de infecção foi de 1,07%. Ademais, foram identificados dois casos de reativação viral (OBI) durante o tratamento quimioterápico, correspondendo a 3,33% da amostra, reforçando a necessidade do rastreamento sistemático, da monitorização virológica e do manejo preventivo em pacientes oncológicos com exposição prévia ao HBV.Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) may progress to severe complications such as cirrhosis and its associated outcomes. Patients undergoing chemotherapy are at an increased risk of viral reactivation and development of complications. This risk may be influenced by the degree and duration of immunosuppression, phase of HBV infection, and type of treatment administered. Immunosuppression may also favor the development of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), defined as the presence of detectable HBV DNA in the blood or liver tissue of individuals who are negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and positive for hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc IgG) with or without the presence of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV infection markers in patients undergoing chemotherapy, identify cases of OBI, describe the epidemiological profile of patients with positive HBV markers, assess the degree of liver fibrosis using non-invasive methods, correlate clinical outcomes with chemotherapy regimens, and identify barriers to the screening, diagnosis, and follow-up of HBV infection. Data collection was carried out between July 1, 2022, and July 30, 2023. During the study period, 652 patients were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HCV. Of these, 77 tested positive for anti-HBc, and seven patients were excluded due to positive HBsAg results. Among the 70 eligible patients (HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc-positive), 60 were included: 51 provided in-person consent and nine were included post-mortem. Ten patients declined to participate or did not respond to the invitation. Hepatic elastography was performed in 43 patients.The sample predominantly consisted of individuals from the states of São Paulo, Mato Grosso, and Goiás, with a mean age of 59.85 years, a predominance of males, and the majority being white. Gastrointestinal oncology is the most common oncological specialty. A high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis was observed. The most frequently used chemotherapeutic agents are carboplatin, fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and paclitaxel (PTX). Regarding liver fibrosis assessment, twelve patients had APRI scores between 0.5 and 1, and four patients had APRI scores greater than 1. Only four patients showed elastography results compatible with compensated advanced chronic liver disease, although technical limitations were noted in one case. Transient aminotransferase elevation and thrombocytopenia, which are frequent side effects of chemotherapy, may have influenced the APRI and FIB-4 scores, serving as potential confounding factors. Hepatic elastography has proven to be a more reliable method for fibrosis assessment, although it also has known limitations. HBV viral load testing was performed in 26 patients, with two patients showing detectable viremia, one of whom presented with fluctuations in aminotransferase levels. In the study population, the prevalence of prior exposure to HBV was 10.7%, and the prevalence of active infection was 1.07%. Moreover, two cases of viral reactivation (OBI) were identified during chemotherapy, corresponding to 3.33% of the sample, highlighting the need for systematic screening, virological monitoring, and preventive management in oncology patients with prior HBV exposure
Hypoxys offuscatus Nunes & Campos & Mendonca & Cunha & Fernandes 2020, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Hypoxys offuscatus</i> (Breddin, 1907) comb. nov. <p>(Figs. 7 A–E; 19 A–B; 21)</p> <p> <i>Edessa offuscata</i> Breddin, 1907: 332; Kirkaldy, 1909: 368 (catalog)</p> <p> <i>Edessa rimata</i> Breddin, 1907: 338; Kirkaldy, 1909: 368 (catalog) <b>syn. nov.</b></p> <p> Lectotype male. <i>Edessa offuscata.</i> Brasil, Pebas (SDEI). Designated by Gaedike (1971:94). Examined.</p> <p> Lectotype female. <i>Edessa rimata.</i> Peru, Iguapo (SDEI). Designated by Gaedike (1971:97, by use of “ Holotypus ”). Examined.</p> <p> <b>Material examined. PERU. Loreto:</b> ♀ Iquitos, Amazon River, II–21–1927, H. Bassler (USNM); ♂ ♀ Confl. De los Rios Zamur e Yahuasyacu, II–80, J. Becker leg. <i>Edessa rimata</i> Breddin, 1907 Comp. w. TYPE Fernandes, JAM 1999, <i>Edessa offuscata</i> Breddin, 1907 Comp. w. TYPE Fernandes, JAM 1999. (RMNH).</p> <p> <b>Measurements.</b> total length: 17.2–19.0; head length: 2.3; head width: 3.4–3.6; pronotal width: 11.0–11.3; abdominal width: 9.6–10.3; length of antennal segments. I: 0.9–1.0; II: 2.4; III: 1.3–1.4; IV: 5.7; V: 6.3; interocular distance: 1.6–1.7; scutellum length: 8.4–9.0; scutellum width: 6.2–6.6; pronotal length: 3.6–3.9.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Anterolateral margin of pronotum with solid black stripe reaching all its extension. Cicatrices with dark brown punctures delimiting anterior sulci (Fig. 19A). Anterolateral margin with few dark punctures. Male (Fig. 7 A–C). Pygophore with dorsal rim widely excavated (Fig. 7A). Superior process of genital cup small, arrow-headshaped, adjacent to dorsal rim (Fig. 7B). Paramere elongated, shank triangular (cross section) due to a conspicuous carina on inner side ending before enlarged part; head of the paramere spatulate (Fig. 7B). Proctiger with laterodorsal tufts of setae widely separated by medial ridge; posterior face pentagonal, flat (Fig. 7B). Ventral rim with expansions rounded, wide, tumid, well-projected, clearly surpassing level of posterolateral angle in ventral view (Fig. 7C); base of each expansion with a conspicuous transverse carina. Female (Fig. 7D). Gonocoxites 8 with posterior margin sinuous, inner angle rounded projected posteriorly reaching gonocoxites 9; sutural border with elliptic, short excavation on posterior half. Gonapophyses 8 exposed.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> <i>Edessa offuscata</i> and <i>E</i>. <i>rimata</i> were described by Breddin (1907). The author considered <i>E</i>. <i>rimata</i> related to <i>E</i>. <i>trabecula</i> and <i>E</i>. <i>offuscata</i> close to <i>E</i>. <i>quadridens</i> and <i>E</i>. <i>boerneri</i>. However, these similarities are based only on the external morphology of the species. Females of <i>H. offuscatus</i> have inner angles of gonocoxites 8 more protruding and sutural border less excavated (Fig. 7D) than <i>H. boerneri</i> (Fig. 2D); both species have posterior margin of gonocoxites 8 sinuous while <i> <i>H. quadriden</i> s</i> has posterior margin arched (Fig. 1D). Males of <i>H. offuscatus</i> and <i> <i>H. quadriden</i> s</i> are very similar and can be separated by subtle characteristics like paramere more robust and dorsal rim more excavated in <i>H. offuscatus</i> (Fig. 7B and 1B); more obvious distinctive characteristic is the expansion of ventral rim more developed and rounded in <i>H. offuscatus</i> (Fig. 7C) than in <i> <i>H. quadriden</i> s</i> (Fig. 1C).</p> <p> <b>Distribution (Fig. 21).</b> PERU: Loreto.</p>Published as part of <i>Nunes, Benedito Mendes, Campos, Lourival Dias, Mendonca, Maria Thayane Da Silva, Cunha, Eduardo Victor De Paiva & Fernandes, Jose Antonio Marin, 2020, Revision of Hypoxys Amyot & Serville, 1843 stat. rest. (Heteroptera Pentatomidae), pp. 401-441 in Zootaxa 4742 (3)</i> on pages 416-418, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4742.3.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3677869">http://zenodo.org/record/3677869</a>
Eiphosoma rumi Cuéllar-Ramírez & Ramos-Pastrana & Fernandes 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Eiphosoma rumi</i> sp. nov. <p>Figs 57–63</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Scutellum yellow with the posterior part black, with raised longitudinal lateral scutellar carina; mesoscutellum black with yellow markings at the level of the notaulus; anterior transverse carina of the propodeum with angulations; fore wing hyaline.</p> <p> <b>Description. Female</b>. (Holotype). Fore wing 6.1 mm. Mandible with upper tooth wider and longer than the lower, clypeus in lateral view, strongly convex, malar space 0.5× greater than basal length of mandible (Figs 57– 59); mesopleuron punctate and pubescent in the lower part, central area completely smooth; sternaulus strongly impressed and smooth; metapleuron with upper part punctate and pubescent, pleural carina weak and incomplete, submetapleural carina long and lesser pronounced; pronotum with epomia strongly elevated (Figs. 57–58); scutellum smooth and polished without punctures, with longitudinal lateral carina elevated, mesoscutellum with medial lobule completely punctate, lateral lobes with punctures only in the anterior part, notaulus slightly impressed (Fig. 60); propodeum completely striate and coriaceous, strong and complete anterior transverse carina, posterior transverse carina absent (Fig. 61); hind coxa black and pubescent ventrally, hind tibia with a sharp spine; hind tarsal claw curved and pectinate; first segment of the metasoma narrow, remaining segments wider; ovipositor straight, 1.3 × longer than hind tibia, with an apical notch, ovipositor sheaths pubescent; fore wing with vein 3 <i>rs</i> -m present; vein 1 <i>m</i> -cu joining 2 <i>rs -m</i> next to <i>Rs</i> +2 <i>r</i>; vein <i>M</i> complete; vein <i>cu -a</i> ending at the base of the vein <i>Rs</i> & <i>M</i> (Fig. 62); hind wing with four hamuli.</p> <p> <b>Coloration.</b> Yellow head with black mark on interocellar area; mesosoma black with yellow marks; mesoscutellum with two circular yellow marks on the front of the notaulus; scutellum yellow marked with black posteriorly; mesopleuron black with yellow marks around the sternaulus; metapleuron marked with black in the lower part; propodeum with a black mark running almost its entire length, only yellow in the posterior part; fore leg yellow; hind leg completely black; wings hyaline; pterostigma black.</p> <p> <b>Male.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> <b>HOLOTYPE</b> ♀. COLOMBIA, Caquetá: Florencia, Vereda San Francisco San Pacho, finca El Recreo, 01°42’24”N, 75°36’36” W, 643 m, 26.IX.–09.X.2016, trampa Malaise en cultivo de caña (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i>), Y. Ramos-Pastrana (1♀, LEUA –53657).</p> <p> <b>New World geographical distribution.</b> Colombia (Caquetá *). (Fig. 63).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> In tribute to the parents of the main author Rubén Cuéllar Castaño and Milley Ramírez Godoy, for unconditional support in all processes. The name must be considered as a noun in apposition.</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> The specimen was collected with Malaise-type flight interception trap at ground level in cultivated sugarcane. The vegetation of the collection site corresponds to forests of the Andean-Amazonian foothills.</p> <p> <b>Hosts.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Taxonomic notes.</b> <i>Eiphosoma rumi</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> belongs to the <i>E. nigrovittatum</i> species-group. The species closest is <i>E. bogan</i> having a mostly black mesosoma, and the posterior carina of propodeum absent; but in <i>E. rumi</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> the face is completely yellow except for the interocellar area; scutellum yellow with a black mark in the posterior area and with an elevated lateral longitudinal carina; mesoscutellum black, with two yellow marks on the lateral lobes in the anterior part of notaulus; fore wing completely hyaline to apex, while <i>E. bogan</i> has a black stripe in the central area of the face attached to the interocellar mark; scutellum and mesoscutum completely black; fore wing with darkened apex.</p>Published as part of <i>Cuéllar-Ramírez, Mauricio, Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany & Fernandes, Daniell R. R., 2023, Five new species of Eiphosoma Cresson, 1865 (Ichneumonidae: Cremastinae) from Colombia, new records, and a key to Colombian species, pp. 451-491 in Zootaxa 5330 (4)</i> on pages 469-471, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.4.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8255175">http://zenodo.org/record/8255175</a>
Fig. 3 in Kidney anatomy, histology and histometric traits associated to renosomatic index in Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)
No full textFig. 3. Histological cross-sections and histochemical reactions to hemosiderin and lipofuscin in the kidney tissue of Gymnotus inaequilabiatus. a. typical architecture of renal corpuscle with central vascularized area characterized by a clump of capillaries closed to mesangial cells (black arrow) and podocytes (white arrowhead) surrounded by Bowman's capsule; HE, bar scale = 10 µm. b. the glomerular capsule encloses the outer fibrous layer (white arrow) and filled by connective tissue. Red cells are inside capillaries; TM, bar scale = 10 µm. c–f. MMCs stained with ferrocyanide acid solution to hemosiderin and Schmorl´s solution to lipofuscin. c. melanin predominance in the head kidney MMCs. d. slight labeling to lipofuscin in the head kidney MMCs. e. positive labeling to hemosiderin (blue color) conjoined to the melanin deposits in the exocrine kidney. f. positive staining to lipofuscin (grayish blue color) in the exocrine kidney; Bar scale = 25 µm.Published as part of Fernandes, Carlos Eurico, Marcondes, Sandrieley Fernanda, Galindo, Gizela Melina & Franco-Belussi, Lilian, 2019, Kidney anatomy, histology and histometric traits associated to renosomatic index in Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae), pp. 1-11 in Neotropical Ichthyology 17 (4) on page 6, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20190107, http://zenodo.org/record/366825
Fig. 4 in Kidney anatomy, histology and histometric traits associated to renosomatic index in Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae)
No full textFig. 4. Histological cross-sections of the head and exocrine kidney demonstrating different granulomatous structures in Gymnotus inaequilabiatus. a. severe aggregation of MMCs outer to granuloma in the exocrine kidney; PAS, bar scale = 20 µm. b. a clump of melanogenic macrophages (dark pigmented cells) adjacent to granuloma in the head kidney. The hematopoietic tissue is edematous and atypical. Some rodlet cells (black arrow) are observed. Granuloma presents a compact and thick layer of collagen with internal necrotic content surrounded by epithelioid cells (white arrows); H&E, bar scale = 10 µm. c. two well-defined granulomas with substantial internal necrotic content involved by fibrous tissue. A slight layer of MMCs aggregates close to the external wall of granuloma. TM, bar scale = 10 µm. d. MMCs aggregates both internally and externally to granuloma in the exocrine kidney. HE, bar scale = 10 µm.Published as part of Fernandes, Carlos Eurico, Marcondes, Sandrieley Fernanda, Galindo, Gizela Melina & Franco-Belussi, Lilian, 2019, Kidney anatomy, histology and histometric traits associated to renosomatic index in Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae), pp. 1-11 in Neotropical Ichthyology 17 (4) on page 7, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20190107, http://zenodo.org/record/366825
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