1,721,003 research outputs found
Genomics and pharmacogenomics of colorectal cancer
Get PDFSe ha estimado que la heredabilidad asociada al cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es de alrededor de un 35%. A pesar de que cerca de un 5% de esta proporción es explicable a través de mutaciones raras de alta penetrancia, y un 7% adicional es debido a la presencia de combinaciones de algunos de los 16 loci de susceptibilidad descritos, existe aún una fracción de esta susceptibilidad genética que no ha podido ser explicada.
Por otro lado, existe también una importante variabilidad en la forma en la que los pacientes de CCR responden al tratamiento con quimioterapia. Además, el hecho de que la mayoría de fármacos usados en quimioterapia presentan rangos terapéuticos restringidos resulta en la frecuente aparición de reacciones adversas a fármacos (ADRs). Por ello, la identificación de la variación genética que modula esta respuesta es indispensable a la hora de ofrecer tratamientos personalizados que sean más efectivos, produzcan menos efectos secundarios y se optimicen los costes sanitarios.
En este contexto, el trabajo presentado en esta Tesis Doctoral ha tenido dos objetivos principales: en primer lugar, la búsqueda de nuevas variantes de susceptibilidad al CCR. En segundo, el análisis de la variación genética subyacente a las diferencias en las respuestas tóxicas de pacientes de CCR tratados con quimioterapia
Development of a panel of genome-wide ancestry informative markers to study admixture throughout the Americas
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers for Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Lessons Learned and the Road Ahead
Get PDFOver the recent years, advances in the development of anti-cancer treatments, particularly the implementation of ICIs (immune checkpoint inhibitors), have resulted in increased survival rates in NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) patients. However, a significant proportion of patients does not seem respond to immunotherapy, and some individuals even develop secondary resistance to treatment. Therefore, it is imperative to correctly identify the patients that will benefit from ICI therapy in order to tailor therapeutic options in an individualised setting, ultimately benefitting both the patient and the health system. Many different biomarkers have been explored to correctly stratify patients and predict response to immunotherapy, but liquid biopsy approaches have recently arisen as an interesting opportunity to predict and monitor treatment response due to their logistic accessibility. This review summarises the current data and efforts in the field of ICI response biomarkers in NSCLC patients and highlights advantages and limitations as we discuss the road to clinical implementation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A two-phase case-control study for colorectal cancer genetic susceptibility: Candidate genes from chromosomal regions 9q22 and 3q22
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