1,721,050 research outputs found
Reflections on Climate Governance and Federalism
Get PDFThis chapter reflects on key findings in this book and how they enhance understanding of the relationship between climate governance and federalism around the world. federalism and federal-type arrangements work in crosscutting ways, facilitating climate governance in some respects, hindering it in others. Divided jurisdiction’s effects vary according to a range of institutional, political, social, economic and geographic factors
Climate Governance and Federalism in Australia
Get PDFThis chapter outlines a situation where a country with heavy reliance on carbon-intensive energy resources has faced substantial greenhouse gas dilemmas; where those dilemmas manifest themselves in strong ideological and partisan differences; and where both the central government (the Commonwealth) and the States have broad licence in climate change policymaking. It finds that the need for coordination can be exaggerated and that federalism has been a facilitating rather than a hindering factor in Australia, with constituent unit action compensating for central government inaction
Political Parties and the Party System
No full textPolitical parties are an important, indeed almost ubiquitous, feature of liberal-democracy systems of government. Political parties provide a focal point for voters, who can channel their vote on the basis of a broad understanding of what a candidate stands for and how he or she will vote in the Parliament on particular issues. Although generally unloved, parties are an essential and unavoidable part of the political system. A great deal depends on parties in a liberal democracy: as the vehicle through which individuals achieve and hold office, they are the key link between citizens and government. There are several characteristics of the Australian political party system that distinguish it from party systems elsewhere in the developed world and make it worthy of study in its own right. One of these characteristics is that Australia was the first democratic nation to be led by a party representing labour-a development that provoked the rapid organisation of the 'non-Labor' parties in Australia (see Chapter 11). Second, Australia has the last remaining agrarian party in the developed world. Third, the Australian electoral system has almost always generated strong majority governments at national level. And fourth, the coalition between the Liberal Party and the National Party is an oddity among coalition arrangements. This chapter provides an overview of the factors that make the Australian party system distinctive and puts these features in the context of the international party politics literature, which, in general, has been weak in its analysis of the Australian party landscape
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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