112,102 research outputs found
Normal adult coronary angiography
No full textChildren with congenital heart disease will grow into adults who may also develop
coronary artery disease. This article attempts to familiarise practitioners that usually
deal with congenital heart disease with the conventional views that are obtained
during adult coronary angiography.peer-reviewe
A study of engagement in casual leisure occupations by individuals who are living with neuropalliative conditions
No full textPurpose. This study explored the following research questions:1. What are the normal and sensory-overloaded behaviours exhibited by adults living with neuropalliative conditions?2. How does engagement in casual leisure alter with different levels of sensory attributes? It did this to determine whether there might be an approximate optimal level of sensory attributes that maximises occupational-engagement while minimising the potential for sensory-overload. The aim therefore was to create an occupational environment that participants could handle competently and enjoyably. This sensory threshold can only be approximate, since each individual has unique sensory preferences, interests and experience.Method. The preliminary study involved a structured interview with a Residence Manager in order explore the normal and sensory-overloaded behaviours exhibited by nine adults living with neuropalliative conditions. The second study built upon this by conducting a multiple, case quasi experimental study involving marginal-participant time-sampled observations of engagement of individuals with neuropalliative conditions, with casual leisure occupations using the Individual Child Engagement Record. This study investigated whether engagement occupations alters with different levels of sensory attributes. Observations were made of 14 participants engaging in eight cases, who experienced profound levels of disability, each case differed (as part of the replication logic) by having different levels of sensory attributes.Results. Analysis suggests that the symptoms of sensory-overload may be experienced by adults living with neuropalliative conditions. The effects of sensory-overload appears similar to definitions of a passive state (of engagement or non-engagement). The thesis therefore presents the linkage between passive engagement/ passive non-engagement and an individual's behaviour when experiencing sensory-overload, hopefully leading to increased vigilance and therefore avoidance. Furthermore, engagement was shown to alter with a combination of different levels of sensory and non sensory attributes, including supporter facilitation and with the potential for active participation. These contextual factors are proposed to pertain to the individual, the occupation itself, and to the physical and social environment; the role offered or level of support available. Therefore, enhancing active leisure engagement requires consideration of the occupation, the individual and their sensory preferences and the occupational environment. Conclusions. Despite the reporting of sensory-overload symptoms by the participant of the preliminary study, the results showed that the anticipated reduction in engagement at the higher levels of sensory attributes (given the effects of sensory-overload) did not occur. In fact, engagement with leisure occupations appeared to increase as the sensory attributes levels increase, with larger differences in engagement level occurring where there are larger differences in the combined level of sensory attributes involved, a range of factors in the occupational context, are suggested to influence engagement, some of which pertain to the individual, the occupation and the environment. Clinical Messages. The role of the leisure supporter was suggested to include adapting leisure to fit the person, including offering the choice of what, when, where, with whom and how to "do" their leisure occupations, including offering active participation and a sense of choice.<br/
Récits et chasses d'Algérie, par E.-V. Fenech,...
No full textContient une table des matièresAvec mode text
γH2AX as a marker of DNA double strand breaks and genomic instability in human population studies
No full textDNA double strand breaks (DSB) are the gravest form of DNA damage in eukaryotic cells. Failure to detect DSB and activate appropriate DNA damage responses can cause genomic instability, leading to tumorigenesis and possibly accelerated aging. Phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) is used as a biomarker of cellular response to DSB and its potential for monitoring DNA damage and repair in human populations has been explored in this review. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed for articles, in English, on human studies reporting γH2AX as a biomarker of either DNA repair or DNA damage. A total of 68 publications were identified. Thirty-four studies (50.0%) evaluated the effect of medical procedures or treatments on γH2AX levels; 20 (29.4%) monitored γH2AX in specific pathological conditions with a case/control or case/case design; 5 studies (7.4%) evaluated the effect of environmental genotoxic exposures, and 9 (13.2%) were descriptive studies on cancer and aging. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (44.6%) or biopsies/tissue specimens (24.3%) were the most commonly used samples. γH2AX was scored by optical microscopy as immunostained foci (78%), or by flow cytometry (16%). Critical features affecting the reliability of the assay, including protocols heterogeneity, specimen, cell cycle, kinetics, study design, and statistical analysis, are hereby discussed. Because of its sensitivity, efficiency and mechanistic relevance, the γH2AX assay has great potential as a DNA damage biomarker; however, the technical and epidemiological heterogeneity highlighted in this review infer a necessity for experimental standardization of the assay. © 2013 Elsevier B.V
author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 – Supplemental material for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct
No full textSupplemental material, author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct by George Wood, Daria Roithmayr and Andrew V. Papachristos in Socius</p
Selenium biofortified wheat
No full textSelenium is essential for the function of important selenoproteins which include glutathione peroxidases, thioredoxin reductases and deiodinases and selenoprotein P. Selenium deficiency in foods is not uncommon and is largely due to geological variations in selenium abundance in soil. Selenium deficiency can cause infertility, increased oxidative stress, immune and thyroid dysfunction, cardiomyopathy, cognitive impairment and increased risk for specific cancers such as prostate cancer. The selenium content of wheat can be increased by agronomic biofortification which involves fertilising the growing crop with an appropriate inorganic form of the micronutrient, which the plant converts to several organic Se forms, notably selenomethionine, which are more suitable for human consumption. A recent intervention study has shown that moderate consumption of selenium-biofortified wheat can substantially increase blood plasma selenium concentration in healthy older men.Michael Fenech, Jing Wu, Robin Graham, and Graham Lyon
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Use of micronucleus assays to measure DNA damage caused by cytostatic/antineoplastic drugs
No full textOccupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs (ANPD) raises concerns regarding possible health effects on healthcare workers. In fact, even when healthcare workers are specifically trained and ANPD handling occurs according to issued guidelines and/or safety recommendations, accidental contamination in the workplace (and a concurrent increased exposure risk to genotoxic/carcinogenic compounds, such as chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, etc.) is still detectable. Cytogenetic biomarkers are the most frequently used endpoints in human biomonitoring studies to assess the impact on health of environmental/occupational exposure to genotoxic xenobiotics. Among the cytogenetic assays, the lymphocyte cytokinesis-block micronucleus (L-CBMN) assay is one of the most frequently used and, to date, the best validated method for biological effect monitoring in subjects occupationally exposed to genotoxic xenobiotics. The assessment of micronuclei (MN) in uncultured, exfoliated epithelial cells from oral mucosa (B-MN assay) has provided a complementary method for cytogenetic analyses in easily accessible tissue without cell culture requirement. Using PubMed and an appropriate combination of key words, we retrieved 28 studies, published from 1988 to 2018, measuring MN in healthcare workers occupationally exposed to ANPD. The overall evaluation of the currently available studies clearly shows a significantly increased genotoxic risk for healthcare workers occupationally exposed to ANPD
Reinforced sol–gel thermal barrier coatings and their cyclic oxidation life
No full textCyclic oxidation life enhancement of sol–gel thermal barrier coatings is obtained via the reinforcement of the controlled micro-crack network that forms during the initial sintering of the deposit. Two different sol–gel methods are used to fill in the process-induced cracks, namely dipcoating and spray-coating. Filling parameters, for instance the number of passes or the viscosity of the sol are adjusted, using various techniques such as profilometry and microstructural analysis, to optimise crack filling. Cyclic oxidation tests are implemented at both 1100C and 1150C to investigate the efficiency of the various reinforcement procedures developed and address the influence of the specific microstructure on the oxidation behaviour
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