55 research outputs found
Examining placebo effects after a three-week repeated-sprint training program under hypoxic conditions in recreationally trained subjects: a randomized controlled trial.
No full textRepeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) has been suggested to significantly enhance anaerobic performance. However, the widespread belief in the benefits of altitude training raises questions about potential placebo effect. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the physiological and placebo effects of normobaric hypoxia combined with repeated-sprint training on performance. Twenty-nine moderately trained participants were randomly assigned to normoxia (RSN), placebo (RSN-P), or hypoxia (RSH) groups. Participants in RSN-P group were led to believe they were training at simulated altitude (between 2500 and 3500 m), while participants in the RSN and RSH groups knew they were training at sea level and at altitude, respectively. Repeated-sprint training involved six cycling sessions over three weeks, consisting of three sets of 8 x 6-s sprint with 24 s of recovery. There was no difference in the estimation of the altitude level to which participants from the RSN-P and RSH groups thought they had been exposed. There was a main significant effect of training on mean power output during Wingate (+7.9%; pThe presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Unraveling the Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Tissue-Dependent Genetic Variation of Gene Expression
No full textIt is known that genetic variants can affect gene expression, but it is not yet completely clear through what mechanisms genetic variation mediate this expression. We therefore compared the cis-effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on gene expression between blood samples from 1,240 human subjects and four primary non-blood tissues (liver, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissue and skeletal muscle) from 85 subjects. We characterized four different mechanisms for 2,072 probes that show tissue-dependent genetic regulation between blood and non-blood tissues: on average 33.2% only showed cis-regulation in non-blood tissues; 14.5% of the eQTL probes were regulated by different, independent SNPs depending on the tissue of investigation. 47.9% showed a different effect size although they were regulated by the same SNPs. Surprisingly, we observed that 4.4% were regulated by the same SNP but with opposite allelic direction. We show here that SNPs that are located in transcriptional regulatory elements are enriched for tissue-dependent regulation, including SNPs at 3' and 5' untranslated regions (P = 1.84×10-5 and 4.7×10-4, respectively) and SNPs that are synonymous-coding (P = 9.9×10-4). SNPs that are associated with complex traits more often exert a tissue-dependent effect on gene expression (P = 2.6×10-10). Our study yields new insights into the genetic basis of tissue-dependent expression and suggests that complex trait associated genetic variants have even more complex regulatory effects than previously anticipated.
Modelling roughness effects on propagation of electromagnetic waves in a maritime environment: a hybrid approach
No full textWOSInternational audienceThis study presents work on radar links in the maritime environment. In order to understand and to optimise these links, the author have modelled electromagnetic wave propagation in the maritime environment, including in the presence of evaporation ducts. This modelling requires good propagation domain characterisation (maritime atmosphere, evaporation ducts etc.) and good modelling of the reflective effects of the sea surface (smooth or rough surface). In this study the author present a new method based on sea surface generation using sea spectra developed to model the sea surface roughness effects on electromagnetic wave propagation. Numerical results are given, in different configurations (duct height, transmitter altitude atmospheric conditions etc.), which enable the proposed model to be checked and highlight the interest of accurate roughness modelling in electromagnetic propagation over the sea surface
MIMO-Monopulse Target Localization for Automotive Radar
No full textIn this study, the authors propose a novel direction of arrival (DoA) estimation algorithm called ‘multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO)–monopulse’ by combining the monopulse approach with MIMO radar. Monopulse is fast and accurate angle estimation algorithm, which has been well developed for tracking radar. The application of the monopulse technique on MIMO radar is not much considered before, especially for automotive-radar application, and will be discussed in this study. Conventional methods of monopulse DoA estimation include amplitude and phase comparison monopulse. In this study, to improve the performance of monopulse, they utilise Chebyshev and Zolotarev weighting to synthesise sum and difference patterns. A new visualisation method for monopulse ratio is discussed. Finally, they demonstrate the success of the proposed algorithm by processing real data from a 79 GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave automotive radar.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Microwave Sensing, Signals & System
Acute physiological responses during repeated sprint training with maximum end-expiratory breath-holds
No full textRepeated sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) performed with voluntary hypoventilation at low lung volumes (RSH-VHL) has been proposed as an alternative to RSH. Recently, repeated sprint training combined with end-expiratory breath hold until the breaking point (RSH-UBP) has been suggested as a more effective stimulus. The aim of this study was to compare the physiological responses of repeated sprint training in normoxia (RSN), RSH-VHL and RSH-UBP. We hypothesized that RSH-UBP would induce greater hypercapnic and hypoxemic stress compared to the other conditions and therefore greater physiological responses.
Ten healthy active men participated in three repeated sprint exercise sessions on ergocycle. Pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal CO2 pressure (PETCO2), muscle oxygenation, cardiac hemodynamics, and total work were continuously monitored throughout the protocol.
Time spent below 96% SpO2 was higher in both RSH-VHL and RSH-UBP than in RSN (82 ± 66 s and 74 ± 57 s vs. 11 ± 14 s, P = 0.039). Contradictory, PETCO2 was higher in RSH-VHL and RSH-UBP than in RSN (33.6 ± 4.2 and 32.9 ± 3.5 vs. 27.8 ± 4.2 mmHg, p < 0.001). Total work was lower in RSH-UBP than in RSH-VHL and RSN (33.1 ± 5.8 vs. 46.5 ± 5.7 and 47.4 ± 6.0 kJ, p < 0.001) despite a higher mean power in RSH-UBP. Amplitude in the muscle deoxygenation-reoxygenation cycle was lower during RSH-UBP (p < 0.045). There was no difference in stroke volume or cardiac output between the three conditions.
Overall, RSH-VHL emerged as the most effective condition for inducing large hypercapnic and hypoxemic stimuli while maintaining the training load during repeated sprint training, whereas RSH-UBP succeeded in inducing similar hypercapnic and hypoxic stress with shorter sprint durations.
© 2025. The Author(s)
La deconstrucción de la amistad–enemistad: verdad y mujeres. A propósito del Así habló Zaratustra de Nietzsche
No full textIt is often claimed without further study that Nietzsche is a misogynist philosopher. This is due to the controversial and failed relationships of friendship and love he had with family and friends, which has helped to interpret some paragraphs of the first book of Thus Spoke Zarastustra as a catharsis and an attack on women and what they represent. In the present article we will make a brief genealogical analysis of the chapter called “On my honour, my friend”, elucidating in a deconstructive manner the and purpose of the author regarding truth, woman and friendship, recognizing in his writing an attempt to break with the principles of rationality that sustain the basic dualism around the female figure imposed from a heteropatriarchal order.Se suele afirmar, sin mayor estudio, que Nietzsche es un filósofo misógino. Esto debido a las polémicas y fallidas relaciones de amistad y de amor con familiares y amigos, lo que ha contribuido a interpretar algunos parágrafos del libro primero del Así Habló Zaratustra como una catarsis y un ataque a las mujeres y a lo que ellas representan. En el presente artículo realizaremos un breve análisis genealógico del capítulo “Del amigo”, dilucidando de manera deconstructiva el estilo y propósito del autor en torno a la verdad, la mujer y la amistad, reconociendo en su escritura un intento por romper con los principios de la racionalidad que sostienen el dualismo de base en torno a la figura femenina impuesta desde un orden heteropatriarcal
Espontaneidad, diferencia y novedad: Tres filósofos para pensar acerca de la noción de “acontecimiento” en Foucault
No full textThe event in Michel Foucault’s philosophy has taken diverse roles and that have been relevant in relation to the author’s most significant concepts. It is not possible to talk about power, body, truth regimes or about an ontology of ourselves without considering the notion of event. For that. it becomes necessary to revisit the concept in order to understand from which places Foucault is talking.
The purpose of this writing is to offer a reading guideline for said concept, starting from three philosophers that influenced the french author: Nietzsche, from whom it can be traced becoming and spontaneity from the event, then Heidegger that allows us to also think about difference and truth, and finally, Kant who gives us the historic importance of the event. These three authors share with Foucault de relevance of historical analysis inasmuch it allows us a better comprehension of the present.El acontecimiento ha tomado diversos roles en el pensamiento de Michel Foucault y ha estado presente a lo largo de sus metodologías de investigación: en torno a la arqueología, a la genealogía y la construcción de la subjetividad. No es posible hablar de poder, de cuerpo, de regímenes de verdad o de ontología de nosotros mismos sin considerar el acontecimiento.
El propósito de este escrito es el de ofrecer un marco de lectura para dicho concepto a partir de tres filósofos que influenciarion al autor francés: Nietzsche, de quien se puede rescatar el devenir y la espontaneidad del acontecimiento, luego Heidegger que nos permite pensar en la diferencia y la verdad, finalmente, Kant que nos entrega la importancia histórica del acontecimiento. Estos tres autores comparten con Foucault la relevancia del análisis histórico desde el acontecimiento en la medida en que nos permite una mejor comprensión del presente
Entre la imposible acogida y la irremisible existencia. Hacia una fenomenología del sufrimiento en Lévinas
No full textThe main objective of this article is to reveal some phenomenological notes about suffering, having as a thread some of the ideas elaborated by Emmanuel Lévinas. In this way, my intention in this work is to answer the following question: How does suffering manifest itself to those who suffer from it? So, in order to solve this concern my article is structured in two moments. First, and following the approaches sketched by the author presented in La souffrance inutile, I will study the body and sensitive dimension through which this experience is revealed. Secondly, and continuing the reflection maked by Lévinas in Le temps et l'autre and Totalité et infini, I will analyse the irremissible character through which this experience appears to us. In conclusion, I will highlight some of the main notes of suffering that this work reveals.El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal dejar de manifiesto algunas notas fenomenológicas acerca del sufrimiento, teniendo como hilo conductor algunas de las ideas elaboradas por Emmanuel Lévinas. De este modo, mi intención en este texto es responder a la pregunta ¿cómo se manifiesta el sufrimiento a quiénes lo padecen? Así, con la finalidad de resolver esta inquietud este trabajo se estructura en dos momentos. En primer lugar, y siguiendo los planteamientos presentados en La souffrance inutile, estudiaré la dimensión corporal y sensible a través de la que se revela esta experiencia. En segundo lugar, y continuando la reflexión trazada por el autor en Le temps et l'autre y Totalité et infini, analizaré el carácter irremisible mediante el que nos aparece esta vivencia. Para concluir pondré en evidencia algunas de las principales notas del sufrimiento que deja de manifiesto esta indagación
Nitrogen source and rate effects on residual soil nitrate and over-winter NO3-N losses for irrigated potatoes on sandy soils
No full textResidual soil NO3-N (RSN) is susceptible to loss during the non-growing season. This 5 yr study investigated the effects of three N fertilizer sources [ammonium nitrate (AN), ammonium sulfate (AS), and polymer-coated urea (PCU)] applied at four rates (60, 120, 200, and 280 kg N ha−1) plus an unfertilized control on RSN following potato production and on overwinter NO3-N changes in an irrigated sandy soil in Quebec, Canada. Composite soil samples were collected at the 0–15, 15–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm depths immediately after potato harvest in fall and again in the following spring from 2008 to 2012. Residual soil NO3-N content within the 0–30 cm depth (RSN0–30) was highly correlated with the RSN content in the 0–90 cm depth (RSN0–90), indicating that RSN0–30 can be used as an indicator of soil profile NO3-N accumulation. Overall, RSN0–90 increased with fertilizer N application rate, particularly for above the minimum fertilizer N rate required to maximize yield (Nmax), and was generally higher for years with greater pre-plant soil NO3-N. The split application of AN and AS resulted in lower RSN0–90 than the single application of PCU at above Nmax. Overwinter losses of soil NO3-N were generally increased with increasing RSN0–90 in fall. The results suggest that reducing the fertilizer N rate is more important than the choice of N source in managing RSN.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Frequency and noise dependence of the image reconstruction of ground surfaces using the conjugate gradient based algorithm
No full textThe ground surface of the Earth is usually mapped using airborne microwave radar. However, it has been shown recently by the author that the Earth's ground surface can also be imaged using radio ground waves with antennas positioned on the ground surface. The image of the surface is obtained by reconstructing the distribution of the normalised surface impedance of the surface from the measurements of the scattered fields at a number of positions around the surface being imaged with electromagnetic radiation from different azimuthal directions. It has also been shown that the inverse problem can be solved iteratively using a conjugate gradient method, and the images of ground surfaces can be produced using the noiseless data of the measured scattered fields at an operating frequency at which the size of the surface is approximately one wavelength. In practice, the image reconstruction depends on the operating frequency, and the measured scattered fields are subject to white noise and measurement errors. The dependence of the image reconstruction using the conjugate gradient method on the operating frequency and noise in the measured data is thus studied and the results of reconstruction errors at different frequencies and signal-to-noise ratios and the reconstructed images are presented. It is shown that the image reconstruction using the conjugate gradient based algorithm has a strong dependence on the operating frequency and noise. However, the algorithm is able to reconstruct the images of ground surfaces in small number of iterations when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 12 dB
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